THE AMERICAN ALMANAC, FOR THE YEAR 1851, Being the latter part of the 75th, and the beginning of the 76th year of the Independence of the United States of America; the 6564th year of the Julian Period; the latter part of the 5611th, and the beginning of the 5612th year since the creation of the world, according to the Jews; the 2604th year (according to Varro) since the foundation of Rome; the 2598th year since the era of Nabonassar, which has been as signed to Wednesday, the 26th of February, of the 3967th year of the Julian Period, which corresponds, according to the chronologists, to the 747th, and, according to the astronomers, to the 746th year before the birth of Christ; the 2627th year of the Olympiads, or the third year of the 657th Olympiad, beginning in July, 1849, if we fix the era of the Olympiads at 775 years before Christ, or at or about the beginning of July of the year 3938 of the Julian Period; the latter part of the 1267th, and the beginning of the 1268th year (of twelve lunations) since the Hegira, or flight of Mahomet, which, as is generally supposed, took place on the 16th of July, in the year 622 of the Christian era. 6 Conjunction, or having the same Longitude or Right Ascension. Quadrature, or differing 90° in 8 Opposition, or differing 180° in 66 The ascending, & the descending node. 66 66 The sign is prefixed to the latitude, or declination, of the Sun, or other heavenly body, when north, and the sign when south; but the former prefixed to the hourly motion of the Moon in latitude indicates that she is approaching, and the latter that she is receding from, the north pole of the ecliptic. The letters M. A., m. a., denote Morning and Afternoon. 66 Sun in the Winter signs, Spring Autumn " north of Equator, (Spring and Summer,) 186 10 55 35 66 south of 66 (Winter and Autumn,) 178 18 51 38 Length of the tropical year, commencing at the winter solstice, 1850, and terminating 365 5 47 13 at the winter solstice, 1851, Mean or average length of the tropical year, 365 5 48 48 89 1 15 40 92 20 47 51 93 14 7 44 89 17 35 58 Mean Time at Washing ton Observatory. [The anniversaries marked with an asterisk (*) are to be strictly observed.] 16th, *Second Feast, or Morrow of the Passover, April 18, " April 23," April 24, " May 3, " 66 17th, Fast for the taking of the Temple, July 17, 66 66 66 66 "9th, *Fast for the burning of the Temple,'. 5612 Tisri begins, *Feast for the New Year, "2d, *Second Feast for the New Year, "10th, *Fast of the Reconciliation or Atonement, 66 "15th, *Feast of the Huts or Tabernacles, |