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the applicant, and in all cases of appeal to a United States district court or judge thereof the burden of proof shall rest on the person claiming the same.

SEC. 2. That all claims for exemption from military service under the provisions of this act shall be stated upon the form provided for such purpose, which shall be known as the form for "Presentation for claims for exemption from military service,' and each such claim shall be supported by affidavits of reputable persons, each such affidavit to be upon the form provided for that purpose, which shall be known as the form for "Affidavit with respect to claim for exemption from military service," and each such claim shall be presented, at such time as may be designated by the President, to the United States commissioner whose office is located nearest in point of distance to the place of residence of such claimant, and such United States commissioner, together with an assistant United States district attorney, who shall be designated by the United States district attorney of the district in which such commissioner's office is located, are hereby declared to constitute a board with full power to examine into, pass upon, and finally decide all claims for exemption from military service presented to it in accordance with the provisions of this act, and in the performance of this duty such board shall decide all claims strictly in accordance with the provisions of this act, and it is hereby made the duty, of such board to carefully and without undue delay examine into the merits of each claim presented, and such board is hereby authorized to avail itself of existing legal provisions to secure such additional testimony bearing upon such claim as it may deem necessary for the proper determination of any question of fact that may be raised in connection with such claim: Provided, That in case the members of such board find themselves unable to come to an agreement upon any question of either law or fact bearing upon the decision of any claim, such claim, together with all papers in the case and a brief statement of the question or questions upon which the board is unable to agree shall be sent by such board direct to the judge of the United States district in which such board is sitting, and such judge shall finally decide the question or questions in issue and also finally decide such claim: Provided further, That each such claimant whose claim has been decided in his favor shall be furnished by such board, or when his claim be decided by a district judge, by such judge, with a certificate of exemption from military service, which certificate shall contain the name and address of such claimant and his personal description, and shall bear his signature for purposes of identification, and shall recite with respect to such claimant that claimant is exempt from military service under the provisions of the act and the reason or reasons which bring such claimant under such provisions.

SEC. 3. That in order to secure just and fair registrations lists of all persons liable for training under the provisions of this act the President is hereby authorized and empowered to designate annually a period of thirty days, during which period it is hereby declared to be the duty of each male resident of the United States who has, or will, arrive at the age of eighteen years during such calendar year to appear personally before the duly designated agency prescribed by the President and there submit to registration, and to state whether he claims exemption from military service, and if so the facts upon which his claim is based.

SEC. 4. That the President may, subject to such rules and regulations as in his judgment may be necessary, utilize the services of members and employees of all departments of the Government of the United States for conducting the registration of citizens liable for training, and for causing the apprehension of any person who fails or neglects to register or who having registered fails to report for service at the proper time: Provided, That the President may, in his discretion, and under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe, organize disciplinary units for the special training of any persons who have failed, neglected, or refused to comply with any of the provisions of this act.

SEC. 5. That no person registered under the provisions of this act shall be entitled to any pay, allowances, fees, subsistence or commutation therefor, or any monetary or other compensation or reimbursement whatever for time employed or expense incurred in complying with the provisions of this act relative to registration or to the yearly muster prescribed in section fifteen thereof.

SEC. 6. That the President shall, as soon as practicable after the registration of each year's class shall have been made, announce the number of citizens to be trained for the military service and the number to be trained for the naval service.

SEC. 7. That any person pursuing a standard course of military instruction at any school or college recognized by the War Department, which course shall have been approved by the Secretary of War under such regulations as he shall prescribe, shall receive credit therefor and the same may be applied against the six months' training prescribed, as follows: For each year during which said person shall have successfully completed a year's academic course, including the standard theoretical and practical

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military courses prescribed for the year, one month's credit shall be allowed: Provided, That credit in excess of four months can not be earned: And provided further, That nothing herein shall operate to exempt any person from a minimum of two months' actual training with the colors.

SEC. 8. That each citizen shall be enlisted for the period during which he is actually required to train and he shall belong to the class of that year, and upon completion of said period of training he shall be discharged from the service and shall be exempt from all military duty in time of peace except attendance at the annual muster authorized in section fifteen of this act: Provided, That in the event of war or imminent danger thereof each such citizen shall be liable for service: Provided further, That in the event of mobilization for war under the terms of this section trained citizens shall be called out by classes of years, the youngest first.

SEC. 9. That all persons liable to training in the Army or Navy shall, before entering upon such training, take the oath of allegiance to the United States similar to that prescribed for enlisted men of the Regular Army and Navy, said oath to include an obligation to serve when called in time of war or imminent danger thereof.

SEC. 10. That persons enlisted for training under the provisions of this act shall be subject to the Rules and Articles of War: Provided, That all trained citizens of any class who may be ordered mobilized under the provisions of section 8 of this Act shall, from the date of said order for mobilization, be subject to the Rules and Articles of War: Provided further, That civilians enlisted in the naval service for training shall, during the period of their enlistment in the Navy and after the date of any order for the mobilization of the year's class to which they belong, be subject to the Articles for the Government of the Navy.

SEC. 11. That persons undergoing training under the provisions of this act shall not be entitled to pay. They shall be entitled to the actual cost of transportation and subsistence going to and returning from said camps, posts, or training ships, and to subsistence, clothing, and medical attendance while undergoing training. In the event of mobilization for service in time of war or imminent danger thereof they shall be entitled to transportation and subsistence to the mobilization camps, under such rules and regulations as the President shall prescribe, and from the day of reporting for duty they shall be entitled to the pay and allowances prescribed for the Regular Army and Navy.

SEC. 12. That the citizens under training shall be allotted to the various arms, corps, and departments in such numbers as may be necessary for their proper tactical organization.

SEC. 13. That the citizens under training shall be organized and localized to facilitate their mobilization and training, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of War shall prescribe.

SEC. 14. That it shall be the duty of the President to organize the class undergoing training into such tactical units as may be necessary in order to secure its prompt mobilization in the event of war or threatened war, and in order to provide officers for the purpose of training and leadership the President is authorized to make such details of officers and noncommissioned officers from the Regular Army or from the Officers' Reserve Corps or the Regular Army Reserve as may be necessary: Provided, That in order to secure additional officers and noncommissioned officers for this duty the President is authorized to suspend the organization of units of the Regular Army when the public safety so permits, using the officers and noncommissioned officers thus made available for the purpose aforesaid: Provided further, That the tactical units so formed in the class undergoing training may be continued after the completion of the period of training service, but such units shall not be assembled in time of peace except for the annual muster prescribed in section fifteen of this act.

SEC. 15. That the President is authorized to employ all departments and agencies of the Government for keeping complete records of the location of the trained citizens to the extent he may deem necessary, and he is likewise authorized to provide for a yearly muster of all trained citizens, each in the vicinity of his home.

SEC. 16. That the President is authorized to employ the Regular Army and Navy, or any part of its personnel, equipment, or material for the purpose of training the yearly classes of citizens under the provisions of this act. He is likewise empowered to employ for the same purpose such reserve officers and enlisted men as may be

necessary.

SEC. 17. That members of the citizen forces who incur disabilities in line of duty while in active service or while actually undergoing training, and while proceeding from their homes to training centers and camps of instruction and returning therefrom to their homes shall be entitled to pensions as provided under existing laws.

SEC. 18. That any corporation or employer or individual who shall hire, engage, or employ any person who, having arrived at the age of eighteen, shall not have

received his certificate of service or a certificate of exemption or discharge therefrom, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $500, or by imprisonment for three months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

SEC. 19. That any person subject to the provisions of this act who shall leave the continental limits of the United States and thus avoid taking at the proper time the training prescribed shall, upon return, suffer all the penalties prescribed in this act until such time as its provisions have been fully complied with: Provided, That in the event of war or imminent danger thereof the President is authorized to employ all departments of the Government to prevent any person trained under the provisions of this act, or liable to such training and service, from leaving the continental limits of the United States.

SEC. 20. That every person who, without lawful excuse, fails to register or who evades or fails to render the personal service required by this act shall, unless and until he has performed equivalent personal service as prescribed, be and remain ineligible for employment in any position of trust and profit created and authorized by the Congress of the United States.

SEC. 21. That the President may, by proclamation duly posted in a conspicuous place in each post office and other public building of the United States, give public notice of the provisions of this act and of the period or periods designated by him for registration in accordance with this act, and such posting of the President's proclamation in the post office at the place of residence or temporary abode of any person liable for registration shall be deemed good and sufficient notice to such person of his liability under this act, and no personal notice of any kind to such person shall be required to bring him within the provisions of this act.

SEC. 22. That any person who shall make, or be a party to the making of, any false registration, physical examination, or muster or enrollment of any person shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than $500 nor more than $1,000 and by imprisonment for not less than six months nor for more than one year.

SEC. 23. That any person who shall under oath make any false or misleading statement, either orally or in writing, in connection with any claim for exemption from military service under this act shall, upon conviction, be deemed guilty of perjury and punished accordingly.

SEC. 24. That any person whomsoever who shall procure or cause to be made any false or misleading statement under oath in connection with any claim for exemption from military service under this act shall, upon conviction, be deemed guilty of subordination or perjury and punished accordingly.

SEC. 25. That any person charge with the duty of carrying into effect any of the provisions of this act who shall receive from any person whomsoever any money or other valuable thing or consideration, or agree directly or indirectly to receive the same to his own or another's use as consideration for making or being party to the making of a false or incorrect registration, physical examination, enlistment, enrollment, or muster, or any false or incorrect report or return relative to any registration, physical examination, enlistment, enrollment, or muster shall, upon conviction, if not subject to military law, be punished by a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $1,000 and by imprisonment for not less than three months nor more than one year. SEC. 26. That no substitute shall be accepted in the place of any person called into the military service pursuant to this act, and no such person shall be permitted to escape such service or be discharged therefrom prior to the expiration of his term of service therein by the payment of money or any other valuable thing whatsoever as consideration for his release from military service or liability thereto.

SEC. 27. That notice to any person, duly posted in a conspicuous place in the post office of his place of residence or temporary abode, that such person has been called for military service under the provisions of this act, shall be deemed good and sufficient notice to such person of such call, and no personal notice of any kind to such person shall be required to bring him within the provisions of this act.

SEC. 28. That no intoxicating or spirituous liquors shall be sold or supplied, and no person shall have any such intoxicating or spirituous liquors in his possession at any military or naval station, camp, fort, post, officers' or enlisted men's club, or aboard ship during such time as the training of persons as prescribed in this act is proceeding in such military or naval camp, fort, post, or aboard ship, except as prescribed for purely medicial purposes.

SEC. 29. That no intoxicating or spirituous liquors shall be sold to any member of the military forces of the United States while in uniform, nor shall any intoxicating or spirituous liquors, except as prescribed by a duly qualified medical practitioner, be supplied to any such member while in uniform. Any person violating this or the preceding section shall, on conviction thereof, be subject to a fine of $100.

SEC. 30. That the Secretary of War is hereby authorized to issue to persons who have satisfactorily completed their training service, as prescribed in this act, a distinctive rosette designated for wear with civilian clothes and showing the year's class to which the wearer belongs, and whenever a rosette issued under the provisions of this section shall have been lost, destroyed, or rendered unfit for use, without fault or neglect upon the part of the person to whom it is issued, the Secretary of War shall cause a new rosette to be issued to such person without charge therefor. Any person who is not entitled to such rosette, under the provisions of this section, who shall wear the same shall be guilty of misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not exceeding $300 or imprisonment not exceeding six months, or both.

SEC. 31. That the President is authorized to make such regulations not consistent with this act, which by this act are required or permitted to be prescribed or which are necessary or convenient to be prescribed, for the securing of the discipline and good government of the citizens undergoing training or organized in reserve or for carrying out or giving effect to this act.

Amend the title so as to read: "A bill to provide for the military and naval training of the citizens of the United States."

REPORT OF THE GENERAL STAFF AND AMENDMENTS SUGGESTED TO S. 1695.

WAR DEPARTMENT,

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF STAFF,
Washington, February 18, 1916.

Memorandum for The Adjutant General of the Army:

Subject: Report on a bill "To provide for the military and naval training of the citizen forces of the United States" (S. 1695, 1st sess., 64th Cong.).

1. The following report on the above-entitled bill is submitted pursuant to directions contained in first indorsement thereon as follows:

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To the CHIEF, ARMY WAR COLLEGE DIVISION:
For preparation of a report on the accompanying bill, for transmission to Congress.
That report will be transmitted to this office at the earliest practicable date.
By order of the Secretary of War.

· H. P. MCCAIN,
The Adjutant General.

A careful examination discloses the fact that as a whole it is founded upon sound basic principles. It is, however, believed to be defective with respect to some details and the following changes are therefore suggested:

Section 2: Add after "Army" line 22, page 3, "(c) between the ages of twenty-four and forty-five years, inclusive, as the Citizen Army Reserve."

It is believed that the services of persons trained in the Citizen Army and Navy should be saved to the Government during the period indicated above.

Section 4: Change to read as follows:

That the training for the members of the Citizen Army shall not be less than six months' continuous training to be given as early as practicable during each person's liability to such training and in addition thereto training during such maneuver periods as the President may order pursuant to the provisions of section twenty-one of this act.

This change is suggested because it is thought that better results will be obtained if members of the Citizen Army be trained in one continuous period, and that it will cause less personal inconvenience to the individual than if given in short periods extending over a period of years.

Section 5: Omit "and for the Citizen Army," lines 15-16, page 5. Change "consecutive" to "continuous," lines 20-21, page 5, and omit in camps of continuous training," line 21, page 5. This change is necessitated by change suggested in section 4.

Section 7: Change "elect to enter" to "are selected for," line 2, page 6. Interpolate "the continuous" before "training," line 6, page 6, and omit "in camps of continuous instruction," lines 7-8, page 6. It is believed that training in the Citizen Navy should be placed upon the same plane as that in the Citizen Army.

Section 8: Omit "and for the Citizen Army and Citizen Navy," lines 10-11, add "in the Reserve Officers Training Corps" after "given," line 11, and omit "in organization of Boy Scouts," lines 13-14, page 6. The leaders of the Boy Scouts disclaim intention to impart military instruction.

Section 9: Omit from "Provided," line 23, page 6, to "training," inclusive, line 2, page 7. Omit "further," line 3, page 7. This change is made necessary by change suggested in section 4.

Section 11: Change "every" to "the parents or guardian of any" and add "under eighteen years of age" after "person" line 19, and omit "in addition to the liability under section nine of this Act," lines 22-23, and "or to be confined for twenty days, or both," lines 24-25, page 7. Omit "of the person offending and those"; change "his" to "the" and add "or guardian of the person offending" after "parents," line 2. Omit from "Provided," line 2, to "prescribed," inclusive, line 8, page 8. It is believed that the parents or guardian and not the boy should be made liable to punishment.

Section 12: Interpolate the following as section 12:

That every person liable for service in the Citizen Army or Navy who in any year, without lawful excuse, fails to register as required by this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, in addition to the liability in section nine of this act, be liable to a fine of not to exceed five hundred dollars and to be committed to the custody of the proper military or naval authorities: Provided, That any person committed to the custody of the proper military or naval authorities in pursuance to this section may be detained by such authorities, and while so detained shall be subject to training and discipline as prescribed. And any such person who in any year, without lawful excuse, evades or fails to render the personal service required by this act shall be punished as a court-martial may direct.

Men who commit the offenses of absence without leave and desertion in the Regular Army and other forces of the United States are tried and sentenced to punishment therefor by military tribunals. It is believed the same sanction for these offenses should obtain in the Citizen Army and Navy.

Section 12: Change to section 13.

Section 13: Change to section 14.

Section 14: Omit entire section. It is believed that no sanction is necessary with respect to the Citizen Cadet Corps for the offenses mentioned in this section and that punishment for such offenses committed by members of the Citizen Army or Navy should be adjudged by military tribunal. If this section is omitted, the members

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