whom Woosamequen or Massasoit was the chief sachem, Anno 1620, whose son was the author of the rebellion of the Indians, 1675; which fire, kindled first there, did soon run over all the country. 11. Those called Nipnetts, seated amongst some lesser rivers and great lakes up higher, within the continent, which some have said were a kind of tributaries to Massasoyt. 12. The Narraganssetts, a great people upon the sea coast more towards the mouth of [the] Connecticut, consisting of several lesser principalities, yet all united under one general ruler, called the Chief Sachem, to whom all the others owed some kind of subjection. It is said that before they were destroyed by their late quarrelling with the English, they had about two thousand fighting men, of all which now there are few or none left, but a hundred or two, belonging to Ninigret, who, though he secretly bore the English no more good will than the rest, yet being an old man, and cunning, and remembering how his neighbors, the Pequods, were ruined by their power, durst never engage against them, but always professed and maintained friendship to the last, in outward appearance. 13. The Pequods, seated on a brave river beyond the Narragansetts, a more fierce and warlike people than any of their neighbors, and therefore made them all stand in awe, though fewer in number than the Narraganssetts, that bordered next upon them. 14. The Mohigins, whose seat is between the country of the Pequods and the river of Connecticut, upon some higher branches of that called Pequod river. 15. The River Indians, such who had seated themselves in several commodious plantations up higher upon Connecticut river. 16. The Cape Indians, upon Cape Cod and some other islands near adjoining, as at Martin's Vineyard, where civility and Christianity hath taken a deeper root than in any other plantation of the Indians. 17. The Moheganders about Hudson's river. 18. The Cynikers,* upon the same river, more westward. 19. The Moquawes, commonly called the Mohawkes, whose seat is amongst the rivers and ponds, about seventy miles

Senecas.-ED.

northwest from fort Albany. These have lately renewed, or continued, a league tripartite with the Governor of New York and the rest of the English, both offensive and defensive. What is like to be the benefit and issue thereof future time may declare. 20. The Indians on Long Island, and on the main opposite thereunto, along the sea coast from Connecticut to Hudson's river, of whom they that live about the mouth of || that || great river, and on the island near adjoining, were always accounted more barbarous, treacherous, and false, than any other sort of them.

Concerning the right of succession and inheritance, it is not certainly known, nor is it worth the enquiring after; however, it is said by some, that brothers inherit successively before the sons, and the uncles before the nephews, following therein the custom of their ancestors, their poverty, and barbarous manner of living, not affording opportunity, for want of means, to run into many capital evils, which the wealth of other nations doth dispose them unto. Few or no crimes have been observed, besides murder and treason, amongst them to be punished with death, which seems to have been a law in force among all nations, since the Almighty destroyed the world with a flood, to purge away its guilt and defilement, contracted by the violence and cruelty of bloodshed, and soon soon after enacting the standing law so necessary for the upholding human society, that "whosoever sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed." But their inhabitants being so poor and mean, and their manner of life so uncult and brutish, it is scarce worth the while to enquire farther into the way of their successions thereunto, or the laws and customs whereby they use to be maintained and governed in the possession of them. As for their religion, they never were observed by any of the first comers or others, to have any other but what was 'diabolical, and so uncouth, as if it were framed and devised by the devil himself, and is transacted by them they used to call pawwowes, by some kind of familiarity with the devil, and to whom they used to resort for counsel in

the

'Genesis ix. 6.-H.

all kind of evils, both corporal and civil. It is not worth the while either to write or read what it was, all of it depending on the uncertain reports of some occasional spectators; but nothing unclean or filthy, like the heathen's feasts of Bacchus and Venus, was ever heard of amongst any of them. Their low and mean diet and fare, (being always accustomed to drink water,) not disposing them to any inordinacy in that kind, as used to be said of old, "Sine Baccho et Cerere friget Venus;"1 i. e. ebriety and gluttony produces venery."

[Very large blank.]

CHAP. VIII.

Of the first planting of New-England, or any part thereof, by the English.

AFTER the expense of much treasure, time, and pains in the discovery of that part of America called Virginia, that lieth to the north of Florida, some eminent and worthy persons, (moved more by a religious zeal to propagate the gospel, and promote the glory of the English nation, than any emulation of their catholic neighbors of Spain,) entertained serious thoughts of planting colonies of their countrymen in that part of the new world. That vast country being found upon experience and trial too large to be moulded into one entire government, (the whole extending from 34 to 48 degrees of north latitude,) it was thought meet should be divided into a first and second colony, to which end patents were granted to sundry honorable persons of the famous cities of London, Bristol, [and] Exeter, and town of Plymouth, about the year 1606, soon after which time the name of New England began to be appropriated to the north colony by the renowned Prince of Wales, after captain Smith discovered the bounds thereof, as some say, about the year 1614; the other still retaining the first name, Virginia. This latter, by the fertility of the soil and commodiousness of the havens and rivers, giving greatest hopes of prosperity and success, was undertaken by those of London, whose adventures, difficulties,

'Terence, Eunuch. Act. IV. Sc. v. ver. 6.—н.

and present estate, those that desire may receive *present* satisfaction of, by the information of those who have for a long time been conversant in the country; the other by those of the west of England, whose endeavors were influenced chiefly by the interest and authority of the honorable patron of justice and virtue, Sir John Popham, Lord Chief Justice of England, who found both men and means to possess it, about the year 1606, and 1607, when a small colony was by him sent out for that end, for beside the first ship sent in 1606, two more were sent after them in the year 1607, and sometime after a third,* as saith Captain Smith, pag. 203. And then finding the situation of the place most commodious for fishing, (as having in sundry voyages made trial thereof,) intended to begin their first plantation about Monhiggin, an island not far distant from the mouth of a spacious river called Kenebecke, a place somewhere about the mouth whereof was then, and is still called Sacadehocke, and there was the first company that intended to begin a new colony in the north of America landed, about a hundred in all, Anno 1606 or 1607. The gentlemen that undertook the business had shaped in their minds the idea of a large and flourishing commonwealth, sending persons of quality to reside there as Commanders in Chief, as Capt. George Popham for President, Capt. Rawley Gilbert for Admiral, Capt. Edward Harlow for Master of the Ordnance, Capt. Robert Davis for Sergeant Major, and for Marshal, Capt. Ellis Best, and for Secretary, Mr. Seaman. Capt. James Davis was to be commander over the fort when it was built, Mr. Gome Carew was to be Searcher. All the forementioned gentlemen were to be of the Council, who with a hundred more as planters of the colony, were to stay in the country. By their endeavors was a foundation laid of a greater building than the adventurers ever found means to erect, the master builders too much imitating those, that laid out so much cost upon the gates, that they had not enough left to build a city proportionable thereunto. Experiences of this nature abundantly declare, that it is one thing, in an idea, to model the great affair of a commonwealth

HALLOU

and country, and another to bring materials and frame them together into a flourishing state; for the hopes of this new colony, that blossomed so early were soon nipped in the bud by the sharpness of a cold winter following, wherein they lost the President, an ominous accident, which, with other solemn occurrences, blasted all that which, with so great shew of prosperity was there newly planted, especially being attended with the unwelcome news of the removal by death of the main pillar of the fabric, Sir John Popham," happening together with the loss of Sir John Gilbert, whose brother, Capt. Rawley Gilbert, designed Admiral of this puny plantation, upon the first bruit thereof, hasted over to enjoy the inheritance of his deceased brother. And indeed the seasoning of a hard winter in that barren, rocky, and mountainous desert, so discouraged all the rest, that they took the first advantage of shipping that next came to return home for England the following year, viz. Anno 1608. All the fruit of this their expedition, during the long winter and the after time of their abode there, was building a bark, which afforded them some advantage in their return. Yet did Sir Francis Popham, son and heir of that noble patriot, his father, the chief author of the undertaking, not wholly give over the design, but did divers times afterwards send to the same coast for trade and fishing, to which purpose he had great opportunity, by the ships and provision of the company, that remained in his hands; as likewise did the Earl of South-hampton, and others of more public spirits, that employed Mr. Edward Harlow soon after, to make further discovery of the southern parts of Cape Cod, where they resolved themselves that the said cape was no island, as was deemed before, but a part of the continent. In this enterprise they seized three of the savages, which, probably, were the three an old woman complained of afterwards to our neighbors of Plymouth, soon after the first planting of Patuxit, viz. in the year 1620; but one of them escaping, he enticed some of his consorts to take revenge of that unkindness, who cut away the boat from the stern of the ship, which they so guarded with their

1 In 1611, says Prince, p. 126.-H.