The estimates presented in this report are based on data obtained in connection with the monthly population sample survey of the Bureau of the Census. The statistics for April 1954 are based on a new sample design instituted in January 1954. This sample is spread over 230 sample areas comprising 453 counties and independent cities. A total of 24,000 to 26,000 dwelling units and other living quarters are designated for the sample at any time, and completed interviews are obtained each month from about 20,000 to 22,000 households. Of the remainder, about 500 to 1,000 are households for which information should be obtained but is not, and the rest are vacant households or those otherwise not to be enumerated for the survey. The data for all previous periods for which similar information was obtained were based on a different sample, which consisted of about the same number of units but which covered only 68 sample areas in 42 States and the District of Columbia. For the the The estimating procedure used in this survey involved the inflation of weighted sample results to independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population of the United States by age, color, and sex. April 1954 figures shown in this report, independent estimates used were based on statistics from the 1950 Census of Population; statistics of births, deaths, immigration, and emigration; and statistics on the strength of the Armed Forces and separation records. For April 1954 and earlier years, the independent estimates were based on data of the 1940 Census of Population similarly adjusted to take account of the aging of the population, births, deaths, net immigration, and changes in the size of the Armed Forces. Since the estimates are based on a sample they are subject to sampling variability. The following illustration, based upon rough computations from the new survey, indicates the order of magnitude of the sampling errors for some typical statistics in April 1954. An estimated 3,121,000 persons in rural-farm areas lived in different houses in April 1954 than in April 1953. This number is 14.9 percent of the total number of persons living in ruralfarm areas in April 1954. The relative sampling error is about 7 percent of the estimate of 3,121,000. The sampling error of the estimate of 14.9 percent is roughly 1 percentage point. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that the estimates from the sample differ from the results which would be obtained from a complete census by the sampling errors indicated for the above items. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the differences would be less than twice the specified sampling about 99 out of 100 that they would be than 2 times the errors indicated. and less errors LIST OF TABLES Table 1.--Mobility status and type of mobility of the civilian population 1 year old and over, for the United States: April 1948 to April 1954..... 2.--Place of residence and color of the civilian population 1 year old and over, by Page 6 7 mobility status and type of mobility, for the United States: April 1954..... 3.--Age and sex of civilian population 1 year old and over, by mobility status and type of mobility, for the United States: April 1954.... 8 4.--Farm residence in 1954 by farm residence in 1953 of the civilian population 1 year old for the United States: and over, by mobility status, type of mobility, and sex, April 1954..... 5.--Employment status and sex of the civilian population 14 years old and over, by mobility status and type of mobility, for the United States: April 1954..... 6.--Employed workers 14 years old and over, by mobility status, type of mobility, class of worker, major industry group, and sex, for the United States: April 1954..... 7.--Percent distribution by mobility status and type of mobility of the civilian popula 9 9 10 tion 1 year old and over, by color and sex, for regions: April 1954...... 8.--Region of residence in 1954 by region of residence in 1953 of migrants in the civilian population 1 year old and over.. 11 12 Table 1.--MOBILITY STATUS AND TYPE OF MOBILITY OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION 1 YEAR OLD AND OVER, FOR THE UNITED STATES: Table 2.--PLACE OF RESIDENCE AND COLOR OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION 1 YEAR OLD AND OVER, BY MOBILITY STATUS AND TYPE OF MOBILITY, Table 3.--AGE AND SEX OF CIVILIAN POPULATION 1 YEAR OLD AND OVER, BY MOBILITY STATUS AND TYPE OF MOBILITY, APRIL 1954 = Table 4.--FARM RESIDENCE IN 1954 BY FARM RESIDENCE IN 1953 OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION 1 YEAR OLD AND OVER, BY MOBILITY STATUS, TYPE OF MOBILITY, AND SEX, FOR THE UNITED STATES: APRIL 1954 (The relatively small number of persons whose 1953 residence was outside continental United States is excluded. Also, by definition, persons living in the same house as a year ago are assumed not to have changed their farm status) Total, 1 year State States old and over...154,681,000 || 125,654,000 29,027,000 || 19,046,000 9,981,000 || 4,947,000 5,034,000 100.0 Farm, 1953..... 19,803,000 Nonfare, 1953..... 1,494,000 ... 18,118,000 3,179,000 2,174,000 1,005,000 ... 360,000 Nonfarm, 1954....... 133,384,000 || 107,536,000 25,848,000|| 16,872,000 8,976,000 || 4,320,000 4,656,000 Farm, 1953........ 1,816,000 1,816,000 1,038,000 778,000 439,000 339,000 Nonfarm, 1953..... 131,568,000 || 107,536,000 24,032,000 || 15,834,000 8,198,000 || 3,881,000 4,317,000 1,494,000 1,353,000 332,000 627,000 378,000 100.0 81.2 18.8 85.1 14.9 91.5 8.5 ...100.0 80.6 19.4 100.0 81.7 18.3 Table 5.-EMPLOYMENT STATUS AND SEX OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION 14 YEARS OLD AND OVER, BY MOBILITY STATUS AND TYPE OF MOBILITY, |