London:
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE & RIVINGTON,

CROWN BUILDINGS, 188, FLEET STREET.

The Council of the Royal Colonial Institute are not responsible in any way for the opinions expressed by the Authors of the several Papers inserted in this Volume.

Members are particularly requested to notify all changes in their addresses to the Secretary, so that the Transactions and other communications may be forwarded without delay.

J. S. O'HALLORAN,

Secretary. ROYAL COLONIAL INSTITUTE,

Northumberland Avenue,

July, 28, 1886.

THE ROYAL COLONIAL INSTITUTE,

NORTHUMBERLAND AVENUE, LONDON, W.C.

COUNCIL OF 1886-87.

President. HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G., K.T., K.P.,

G.C.B., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G.

Chairman of Council.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P.

Vice-Presidents.
HIS ROYAL HIGANESS PRINCE CHRISTIAN, K.G.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF ARGYLL, K.G., K.T.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS, G.C.S.I.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND, K.G.
THE RIGHT HON. THE MARQUIS OF LORNE, K.T., G.C.M.G.
THE MOST HON. THE MARQUIS OF NORMANBY, G.C.B., G.C.M.G.
THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DUFFERIN, K.P., G.C.B., G.C.M.G.
THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DUNRAVEN, K.P.
THE RIGHT HON. EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.
THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF IDDESLEIGH, G.C.B.
THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF ROSEBERY.
THE RIGHT HON, VISCOUNT BURY, K.C.M.G.
THE RIGHT HON. VISCOUNT CRANBROOK, G.C.S.I.
THE RIGHT HON, VISCOUNT MONCK, G.C.M.G.
THE RIGHT HON. LORD CARLINGFORD, K.P.
THE RIGHT HON. HIGH C. E. CHILDERS, M.P.
SIR CHARLES NICHOLSON, BART.
BIR ALEXANDER T. GALT, G.C.M.G.
FREDERICK YOUNG, Esq.

Council.
SIR HENRY BARKLY, G.C.M.G.,K.C.B. Jacob MONTEFIORE, Esq.
A.R. CAMPBELL-JOHNSTON, Esq.,F.R.S. CHARLES PARBURY, Esq.
SIR CHARLES CLIFFORD.

John RAE, Esq., M.D., F.R.S.
SIR JOHN COODE, K.C.M.G.

PETER REDPATH, Esq. GENERAL SIR H. C. B. DAUBENEY, ALEXANDER RIVINGTON, Esq. G.C.B.

SIR CHARLES E. F. STIRLING, Bart. SIR ARTHUR HODGSON, K.C.M.G. H. B. T. STRANGWAYS, Esq. H, J. JOURDAIN, Esq., C.M.G.

SIR RICHARD TEMPLE, Baxt., G.C.S.I., F. P. LABILLIERE, Esq.

C.I.E., M.P.
LIEUT. - GENERAL R. W. LOWRY, C.B. J. DUNCAN THOMSON, Esq.
NEVILE LUBBOCK, Esq.

WILLIAM WALKER, Esq.
SiR CHARLES MILLS, K.C.M.G., C.B. J. DENNISTOUN Woon, Esq.
GISBORNE MOLINEUX, Esq.

JAMES A. YOUL, Esq., C.M.G.

Trustees. The Rt. Hon. LORD KINNAIRD. THE Rt. Hon. Sir John Rose, BART., G.C.M.G.

JAMES SEARIGHT, Esq.

Honorary Treasurer.
SIR W. C. SARGEAUNT, K.C.M.G.

Secretary and Librarian.
J. S. O'HALLORAN, Esq.

Honorary Corresponding Secretaries.
British GUIANA: G. H. HAWTAYNE, MAURITIUS : A. DE BOUCHERVILLE,
Esq., C.M.G., GEORGETOWN.

Esq., Port Louis.
CANADA : ANDREW ROBERTSON, Esq., NATAL, JOHN GOODLIFFE, Esq., DURBAN.
MONTREAL.

NEW SOUTH WALES: GEORGE BENNETT,
J.G.BOURINOT, Esq., OTTAWA. Esq., M.D., SYDNEY,
ERNEST B. C, HANNINGTON, NEWZEALAND NORTHISLAND: A.F.Hal-

Esq., M.D., VICTORIA, COMBE, Esq., LICHFIELD, AUCKLAND.
BRITISH COLUMBIA.

NEW ZEALAND, South ISLAND: C. C.
CHARLES N. BELL, Esq., Bowen, Esq., MIDDLETON, CHRIST-
WINI IPEG.

CHURCH.
CAPE OF Good HOPE, EASTERN PRO- QUEENSLAND: WALTER H. Wilson,

VINCE: Hon. W. GUYBON ATHER- Esq., BRISBANE.

STONE, M.L.C.,M.D.,GRAHAMSTOWN. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: SIR SAMUEL DAVEN. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, GRIQUALAND PORT, K.C. M.G., ADELAIDE.

WEST : C. M. BULT, Esq., J.P. TaSyANIA: N. E. Lewis, Esq., M.A.,
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, WESTERN PRO- B.C.L., HOBART.

VINCE: John NOBLE, Esq.,CAPETOWN. VICTORIA: H. H. HAYTER, Esq.,
CEYLON : J. FERGUSON, Esq., COLOMBO. C.M.G., MELBOURNE.
JAMAICA: J.C. PHILLIPPO, Esq., M.D., WEST COAST OF AFRICA: Hon. T.
KINGSTON.

RISELY GRIFFITH, SIERRA LEONE.
THE LEEWARD ISLANDS: W. H. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: JAMES MOR-
WHYHAM, Esc., ANTIGUA.

RISON, Esq., J.P., GUILDFORD.

NORTHUMBERLAND AVENUE, LONDON, W.C.

FOUNDED 1868.
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER 1882.

MOTTO-" UNITED

EMPIRE."

Objects. “ To provide a place of meeting for all Gentlemen connected with the Colonies and British India, and others taking an interest in Colonial and Indian affairs ; to establish a Reading Room and Library, in which recent and authentic intelligence upon Colonial and Indian subjects may be constantly available, and a Museum for the collection and exhibition of Colonial and Indian productions ; to facilitate interchange of experiences amongst persons representing all the Dependencies of Great Britain; to afford opportunities for the reading of Papers, and for holding Discussions upon Colonial and Indian subjects generally; and to undertake scientific, literary, and statistical investigations in connection with the British Empire. But no Paper shall be read, or any Discussion be permitted to take place, tending to give to the Institute a party character.” (Rule I.)

Membership There are two classes of Fellows, Resident and Non-Resident, both elected by the Council on the nomination of two Fellows, one of whom at least must sign on personal knowledge. The former pay an entrance fee of £3, and an annual subscription of £2; the latter an entrance fee of £1 1s., and an annual subscription of £1 ls. (which is increased to £2 when temporarily visiting the United Kingdom). Resident Fellows can compound for the annual subscription by the payment of £20, or after five years' annual subscription on payment of £15; and Non-Resident Fellows can compound for the Non-Resident annual subscription on payment of £10.

Pribileges of Fellows whose Subscriptions are not in Arrear. The privileges of Fellows, whose subscriptions are not in arrear, include the use of Rooms, Papers, and Library. All Fellows, whether residing in England or the Colonies, have a report of each Meeting, and the Annual Volume of Proceedings forwarded to them.

To be present at the Evening Meetings, and to introduce one visitor. To be present at the Annual Conversazione, and to introduce a lady.

The support of all British subjects, whether residing in the United Kingdom or the Colonies—for the Institute is intended for both-is earnestly desired in promoting the great objects of extending knowledge respecting the various portions of the Empire, and in promoting the cause of its permanent unity.

Contributions to the Library and Museum will be thankfully received.

J. S. O'HALLORAN,

Secretary.