CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

1664.

War at hand; Louis the Fourteenth, page 1; The Dutch Republic, William of Orange,

and John De Witt, 2; England and Charles, 3; James, Duke of York, 4; The En-

glish King's Ministers, 5; Downing, 6; Canada, New England, New Netherland,

and Virginia, 7; Admirable Situation of New Netherland, 8, 9; Territorial Jealousies

in North America, 10, 11; Charles's Policy, 12; English new Navigation Law, 13;

New Netherland to be seized by England, 14; The Duke of York's Patent, 15, 16;

Colonel Richard Nicolls, 17; Royal Commissioners, 18; Instructions of the Commis-

sioners, 19; English Expedition against New Netherland, 20; Infatuation in Hol-

land, 21; Swedish Complaints, 22; States General refuse to defend New Netherland,

23; New Amsterdam blockaded, 24; Stuyvesant returns from Fort Orange, 25;

The Metropolis defenseless, 26; Nicolls demands the Surrender of Manhattan, 27;

Stuyvesant's Letter to the W. I. Company; Willett and Winthrop, 28; Winthrop's

Letter to Stuyvesant, 29; Stuyvesant tears up Winthrop's Letter, 30; Stuyvesant's

Justification of the Dutch Title, 31; Nicolls at Gravesend, 32; Submission of Long

Island to the English; New Amsterdam beleaguered, 33; Panic in the Metropolis,

34; English and Dutch Commissioners appointed, 35; Articles of Capitulation agreed

upon, 36; Surrender of New Netherland to the English, 37-41.

CHAPTER II.

1664-1665.

Fort Amsterdam given up, and the English Flag hoisted, 42; New York and Fort

James named; Nicolls's new Government, 43; English and Dutch Church Service,

44;
Fort Orange submits, and is named Albany; Manning commander; Brodhead

in command at Esopus, 46; Oath of Allegiance required from the Dutch, 47; York-

shire and Albania, 48; Nicolls's Grants of Land, 49; Conquest of the Delaware by

the English, 50–53; Connecticut Boundary, 53;, Long Island adjudged to New York,

54; Boundaries established between New York and Connecticut, 55; Long Island

Affairs, 56; The Dutch Government demands Restitution of New Netherland, 57;

Hostilities begun by England, 58; Nicolls seizes the W. I. Company's Estate, 59;

Stuyvesant returns to Holland; New City Officers in New York, 60; Provincial Rev-

enue, 61; Royal Commissioners in New England; Nicolls establishes a Court of As-

sizes in New York, 62; Long Island or Yorkshire divided into Ridings, 63; Purpose

of the Court of Assizes, 64; The Duke of York's Power to make Laws, 65; English

Laws established, 66; Meeting at Hempstead; Nicolls's Code, 67, 68; Hempstead

Address to the Duke of York, 69; "The Duke's Laws," 70-73; Race-course at

Hempstead; Albany Affairs, 74; City Government of New York changed, 75; Wil-

lett Mayor, 76; The Dutch dissatisfied, 77; Holland appeals to France against En-

gland, 78; War declared between Holland and England, 79; Feeling in New York,

80; Berkeley and Carteret, 81; James conveys a part of New York to them, and

calls it "New Jersey," 82; The Duke's Letter to Nicolls, 83; Philip Carteret Gov-

ernor of New Jersey, 84-86; Delaware and Pemaquid, 86; Admiralty Court in New

York, 87; Nicolls's Instructions to Brodhead at Esopus, 88; Purchase of Esopus

Lands; Nicolls's new offers to Planters, 89; Case of Witchcraft, 90; Dutch Prop-

erty confiscated by Nicolls; Condition of New York, 91, 92; War between the Dutch

and English in Europe, 93–96.

CHAPTER III

1666-1668.

France declares War against England; Charles's Colonial Orders, 97; New York and

Canada, 98; The Jesuits oppose the Liquor Trade, 99; De Mezy recalled, and Cour-

celles Governor of Canada; Talon Intendant, 100; Tracy Viceroy of New France,

101; The Iroquois and Onnontio, 102; Courcelles's Expedition against the Mohawks,

103; Action of Nicolls, 104; The Delaware Territory, 106; Discontent on Long

Island; Nicolls warns the seditious, 107; Narrative of the Hempstead Delegates ;

Action of the Court of Assizes, 108; New Land Patents, 109; New York and Al-

bany, 110; Royal Commissioners recalled, 111; Nicolls's Report on New York, 112,

113; Submission of the Western Iroquois to Canada, 114; The Oneidas and Mo-

hawks submit to the French, 115; Tracy's Expedition against the Mohawks, 117–

119; Precautions of Nicolls, 120; Van Curler drowned in Lake Champlain, 121;

Brodhead suspended from command at Esopus, 121-123; Naval War between the

Dutch and English, 124; Great Fire of London, 125; Krynssen in Virginia, 126;

New York Privateer in Acadia, 127; French Missionaries assigned to the Iroquois,

128-131; Stuyvesant and the West India Company, 132, 133; The Dutch in the

Thames, 134; Treaty of Breda; New Netherland given up to England, 135; Feeling

in London; Fall of Clarendon, 136; Stuyvesant's return to New York, 137; Martha's

Vineyard and Nantucket, 138; Fisher's Island granted to Winthrop, 139; Delaware

Affairs, 140; Nicolls leaves New York, 142.

CHAPTER IV.

1668-1673.

Colonel Francis Lovelace Governor, 143, 144; Esopus Affairs; a Printing-press want-

ed, 145; Jesuit Missions among the Iroquois, 146-148; New Jersey Affairs; Staten

Island adjudged to New York, 149, 150; The English refuse Free Trade to New

York, 151; Triple Alliance, 152; Aspect of the Metropolis, 153, 154; Panic on

Long Island, 155; Marbletown, Hurley, and Kingston, 156, 157; Provincial and

City Seals, 157, 158; Ministry of the Reformed Dutch Church, 159; Court of Aṣ-

sizes, 160; The Mahicans and Mohawks, 161; Jesuit Explorations in the West, 162;

La Salle, Dollier, and Galinée explore Lakes Ontario and Erie, 163; Delaware Af-

fairs, 164, 165; Lovelace buys Staten Island from the Indians, 165, 166; Esopus and

Albany Affairs, 167; No foreign trading Vessels on the Hudson, 168; Iroquois and

the French, 169, 170; Case of Witchcraft, 171; Long Island Towns seditious, 172,

173; Lutherans, 174; Reformed Dutch Church in New York, 175, 176; Captain

James Carteret, 177; Iroquois Missions, 178; The French in the Northwest, 179;

Courcelles's Voyage to Lake Ontario, 180, 181; North River Vessels, 182; Purchase

of the "Domine's Bouwery" by Lovelace, 183; Death of Stuyvesant, 183; England

and France unite against the Dutch, 184; William Prince of Orange, 185; Death of

Nicolls, 186; English Plantation Council, 187; New York, Massachusetts, and Rhode

Island, 188, 189; Maryland rebuked by New York, 190; George Fox in America,

191; Jesuit Missions, 192; Fort at Cataracouy projected; Frontenac Governor of

Canada, 193, 194; Law of Divorce in New York, 195; Post to New England estab-

lished by Lovelace, 196-198; Pemaquid, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket, 199;

New Jersey Affairs, 200; Lovelace in Connecticut, 201; English "Test Act" passed;

how it affected the Duke, 201, 202; War between the English and Dutch, 202; "Or-

ange Boven;" William the Third, 203; Death of De Witt, 204; Expedition of Ev-

ertsen and Binckes, 205; the Dutch reconquer New York, 206–208.

CHAPTER V.

1673-1674.

British Sovereignty extinguished in New York, 209; Province again named New Neth-

erland, 210; Anthony Colve appointed Governor, 211; City of New York named

New Orange, 211, 212; Esopus and Albany reduced, 213; Lovelace arrested, 213,

214; Eastern Towns on Long Island submit to the Dutch, 215-218; Kingston named

Swanenburg, and Albany Willemstadt, 218; Dutch Church again established, 219;

Letter from New Orange to the States General, 220, 221; English and French Prop-

erty confiscated, 223; Andries Draeyer Commander at Willemstadt, 224; Fortifica-

tion of New Orange, 225; Long Island Affairs, 226-228; The New England Colo-

nies, 229; Connecticut and Colve, 230, 231; New England Vessels captured, 232;

New Orange Regulations, 234; Achter Col or New Jersey, 235; Jesuit Missions,

236, 237; Frontenac's Visit to Lake Ontario, 237-239; Fort Frontenac built at Ca-

taracouy, 239; La Salle Commander, 240; The Upper Mississippi explored by Mar-

quette and Jolliet, 240, 241; New Orange taxed for Fortifications, 242; Dutch Expe-

dition to Shelter Island, 243; Action of the States General; Joris Andringa appoint-

ed Governor of New Netherland, 245, 246; England wishes to regain New York, 247;

Marriage of the Duke of York to Mary of Modena, 248; Treaty of Westminster; New

Netherland restored to King Charles by the Dutch, 249–251; Dutch in New Nether-

land disgusted, 252; Connecticut Boundary, 253; Capture of French Forts in Aca-

dia by the Dutch, 254; Reformed Dutch Church; Feeling against the Restoration of

New Netherland to England, 255, 256; Major Edmund, Andros commissioned to re-

ceive New Netherland for the King, 257, 258; Orders of the States General to Colve

about the restitution of New Netherland, 259.

CHAPTER VI.

1674-1678.

Effect of the Treaty of Westminster, 260; Duke of York's new Patent, 261; Major

Edmund Andros commissioned Governor of New York, 262-264; Anthony Brock-

holls Lieutenant, 264; Dyer Collector of New York, 265; New Jersey Affairs, 268;

Andros at New York, 270; New Netherland restored to England, 271; Andros's

Proclamation, 272; Former Grants confirmed, 273; Lovelace's Estate seized for the

Duke of York, 274; Long Island Towns submit to Andros, 275; Trial and Sentence

of Manning, 276; Andros requires Oaths of Allegiance from the Dutch, 277; Mar-

tha's Vineyard, Nantucket, and Delaware, 278; Duke of York disapproves of popu-

lar Assemblies, 279; Connecticut Boundary, 279, 280; Philip of Pokanoket and New

England Policy, 281, 282; Rhode Island proposes Arbitration, 283; Philip begins

War, 283; Andros at Saybrook, 284; Connecticut Protest pronounced "a Slander"

by Andros, 285; New York offers Lands to Emigrants, 286; Andros named "Cor-

laer" by the Mohawks, 287; Robert Livingston appointed Indian Secretary, 287;

Domine Nicolaus van Rensselaer, 288; Massachusetts Coopers not liked on Long

Island, 289; Andros helps Rhode Island, which rebukes Massachusetts, 290; Massa-

chusetts asperses New York, 291; Connecticut Agents at New York, 292; Duke sus-

tains Andros's action about Connecticut, 293; Andros at Schaghticook, 294; Philip

slain near Mount Hope, 295; Pemaquid burned, 296; Charles's Plantation Commit-

tee; Randolph sent to Boston, and insulted, 297, 298; Massachusetts Agents sent to

England, 298; The Iroquois conquer the Andastes, 299; Jesuit Missionaries; Prai-

rie de la Madeleine; Caghnawaga on the Saint Lawrence, 299; Domine Van Rens-

selaer, Leisler, and Milborne; Dock in New York, 300; Delaware Affairs, 301; Fen-

wick sails to the Delaware, and is imprisoned in New York, 302; Duties levied by

New York on New Jersey Importations, 303; Quintipartite Deed for East and West

New Jersey, 303, 304; New York refuses New Jersey a separate Port, 305; Andros

and New Jersey Quakers, 305; Burlington founded, 306; Andros asserts English sov-

ereignty over the Iroquois, 306, 307; Hennepin among the Mohawks, 307; La Salle

builds Barks on Lake Ontario, and returns to France, 308; New England called

"Kinshon" by the Iroquois, 309; Maryland Agents in New York; Greenhalgh sent

to the Senecas, 309, 310; Fort Charles at Pemaquid, 310; New Paltz Patent, 311;

Andros returns to England, and leaves Brockholls in charge of New York, 312; New

York described by Andros, 313.

CHAPTER VII.

1678-1683.

William of Orange married to Mary of England, 314, 315; Peace of Nimeguen, 315;

Andros knighted by Charles, 315; Andros suggests the Consolidation of New En-

gland; His Report about New York, 316; The King absolves New York from the

imputation" of Massachusetts, 317; Andros returns to New York with Chaplain

Wolley; Bolting of Flour; Population and Shipping of the Metropolis, 318; Leisler

and other New Yorkers redeemed from the Turks, 319; Fenwick arrested on the Del-

aware and sent to New York, 320; Andros complains of New England; Case of

Jacob Milborne, 321; Louis authorizes La Salle to explore the Mississippi, 322;

French at Niagara, 323; Hennepin among the Senecas, 324; La Salle builds a Ves-

sel above Niagara, 325; Launches the "Griffin" above Niagara, 325; Embarks on

Lake Erie or 66
Conty," 326; The Iroquois at Albany; "Corlaer governs the whole

Land," 327; Conquest of the Andastes by the Iroquois, 328; Virginia Agents at Al-

bany, 328; Andros at Pemaquid, 328; Dutch Labadists in New York, 328; Dutch

Ministers in New York ordain Petrus Tesschenmaeker, 329; Coopers fined for strik-

ing in New York; Bolting Flour; Shoemakers, 330; Imported Indian Slaves de-

clared free in New York, 331; New Dutch Church in New York, 331; Chaplain

Wolley returns to England, 332; Trouble between New York and New Jersey, 332;

Andros proposes Beacons and a Fort at Sandy Hook, 333; Carteret seized at Eliza-

bethtown, and tried and acquitted at New York, 333, 334; Pemaquid Affairs, 335;

Andros at Boston, 336; Negro Slaves in Massachusetts and New York, 337; Habeas

Corpus Act in England; Freedom of the English Press; Tories and Whigs, 338;

Penn's Argument for the New Jersey Quakers, 339; Sir William Jones's wary and

fallacious Opinion, 340, 341; James releases East and West Jersey, 342; Andros

recalled, 343; Lewin sent by the Duke as his Agent to New York, 343, 344; The

great Comet of 1680, 345; Andros leaves New York; Brockholls Commander-in-

Chief, 345; Pennsylvania chartered by Charles II., 346-348; Brockholls relinquishes

Pennsylvania to Penn, 349; Carteret's Claim to Staten Island denied, 350; New

York Merchants refuse to pay Duties to the Duke, 351; Collector Dyer tried and his

Case referred to the King, 352; Petition of the Court of Assizes to James, 353, 354;

Disaffection in New York, 355; Duke of York's orders to Brockholls, 356-358;

Penn's Frame of Government; Randolph again in Boston, 359; Massachusetts sends

Bribes to England, 360; Connecticut Boundary Question referred to the Duke, 360,

361; Selyns returns to New York, 361; La Salle's Adventures in the Mississippi Val-

ley, 362, 363; Louisiana named, 364; De la Barre appointed. Governor of Canada,

365; James grants the Delaware Territory to Penn, 366; Philadelphia founded, 367;

Penn's Treaty at Shackamaxon, 368; Rudyard succeeds Carteret as Governor of

New Jersey, 368; Canada and New York Affairs, 369.

CHAPTER VIII.

1683-1685.

Colonel Thomas Dongan appointed Governor of New York, 370; Dongan's Commission

and Instructions, 371-373; James allows an Assembly in New York, 374; Spragg

Secretary, Santen Collector, and Gordon Chaplain in New York, 374; Dongan ar-

rives in New York, and summons an Assembly, 375; Dongan, Penn, and the Susque-

hanna Lands, 376; Dongan renews Andros's claim of English Sovereignty over the

Iroquois, 377; De la Barre against the Iroquois and La Salle, 378; Louis thinks La

Salle's Discovery "useless," 378; Dongan warns Castin at Pemaquid; Jealousy in

Boston, 379; Clergymen in New York, 380; Address of the Court of Assizes to the

Duke, 380, 381; Easthampton's Address to Dongan, 381; A Majority of the New

York Assembly Dutchmen; Nicolls Speaker, and Spragg Clerk, 382; Charter of

Liberties adopted by the New York Assembly, and a Revenue granted to the Duke of

York, 383, 384; Democratic Idea in New York; "The People" the fountain of Sov-

ereignty, 384, 385; New York divided into Counties, 385, 386; Courts of Justice es-

tablished, 386; Naturalization Law, 387; Connecticut Boundary, 387-389; New

York City Government; The City divided into Wards, 389, 390; Metropolitan Court

of Sessions; Bolting of Flour, 391; Shipping of the Metropolis, 391;. The City's Ad-

dress to the Duke; New York and New Jersey, 392; Dongan opposes Penn; James's

Orders to Dongan; The Susquehanna Lands, 393; Dongan's Orders for Pemaquid,

394; Dongan's Indian Policy firm for New York, 395; Lord Effingham, Governor of

Virginia, visits New York, and is made a Freeman of the City, 396; Dongan and Ef-

fingham at Albany; Effingham named "Assarigoa" by the Iroquois, 397; Duke of

York's Arms put on the Iroquois Castles, 398; Speeches of the Iroquois to Dongan

and Effingham, 399, 400; Dongan's Dispatches to London by Baxter, 401; De la

Barre's Expedition against the Iroquois, 401, 402; Viele at Onondaga, 402; Grande

Gueule opposes Corlaer; The Iroquois free, 403; De la Barre at Fort Frontenac ;

Goes to La Famine; Conference there; Grande Gueule insults De la Barre; the

French succumb and make a Treaty with the Iroquois, 403-405; Louis orders robust

Iroquois to be sent to his Galleys, 406; Pemaquid; Esopus; Easthampton Affairs,

407; Josias Clarke Chaplain in place of Gordon, 407; David Jamison, a Scotch

"Sweet Singer," comes to New York and teaches a Latin School there, 407, 408;

Second meeting of the New York Assembly; Provincial Navigation Law, 408; Court

of Oyer and Terminer established; Rudyard Attorney General, 409;* City Corpora-

tion; Staten Island, 410; No “innovation" on the Hudson River to be suffered;

Staten Island "without doubt" belongs to New York, 411; Perth's Letter to Don-

gan; Dongan's reply, 412; Connecticut Boundary Commissioners appointed, 412;

Colonial Post with New England established by New York, 413; Massachusetts and

Connecticut Boundaries, 413; Rye-House Plot in England; Princess Anne of En-

gland married to Prince George of Denmark, 414; Charles dispenses with the Test

Act, and restores James to his Offices, 415; James signs the New York Charter, 415 ;

Massachusetts Agents foiled in London; Charles determines to quell that Colony, 416;