869. Certain words and phrases defined. The following words and phrases as used in this act shall, unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context, have the following meanings:

1. "Vocational education" shall mean any education the controlling purpose of which is to fit for profitable employment.

2. Industrial education" shall mean that form of vocational education which fits for the trades, crafts and manufacturing pursuits, including the occupations of girls and women carried on in workshops.

3. "Agricultural education" shall mean that form of vocational education which fits for the occupations connected with the tillage of the soil, the care of domestic animals, forestry and other wage-earning or productive work on the farm.

4. “Household arts education" shall mean that form of vocational education which fits for occupations connected with the household.

5. "Independent industrial, agricultural or household arts school" shall mean an organization of courses, pupils and teachers, under a distinctive management, approved by the board of education, designed to give either industrial, agricultural or household arts education as herein defined.

6. "Evening class” in an industrial, agricultural or household arts school shall mean a class giving such training as can be taken by persons already employed during the working day, and which, in order to be called vocational, must in its instruction deal with the subject-matter of the day employment, and be so carried on as to relate to the day employment.

7. "Part-time, or continuation, class" in an industrial, agricultural or household arts school shall mean a vocational class for persons giving a part of their working time to profitable employment, and receiving in the part-time school, instruction complementary to the practical work carried on in such employment. To give "a part of their working time" such persons must give a part of each day, week or longer period to such part-time class during the period in which it is in session.

8. "Independent agricultural school" shall mean either an organization of courses, pupils and teachers, under a distinctive management designed to give agricultural education, as hereinafter provided for, or a separate agricultural department, offering in a high school, as elective work, training in the principles and practice of agriculture to an extent and of a character approved by the board of education as vocational.

9. "Independent household arts school" shall mean a vocational school designed to develop on a vocational basis the capacity for household work, such as cooking, household service and other occupations in the household. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 1.]

870. Vocational education. The board of education is hereby authorized and directed to investigate and to aid in the introduction of industrial, agricultural and household arts education; to initiate and superintend the establishment and maintenance of schools for the aforesaid forms of education; and to supervise and approve such schools, as hereinafter provided. The board of education shall make a report annually to the general court, describing the condition and progress of industrial, agricultural and household arts education during the year, and making such recommendations as the board may deem advisable. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 2.]

871. Types of schools. In order that instruction in the principles and the practice of the arts may go on together, independent industrial, agricultural and household arts schools may offer instruction in day, part-time and evening classes. Attendance upon such day or part-time classes shall be restricted to those over fourteen and under twenty-five years of age; and upon such evening classes, to those over seventeen years of age. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 3.]

872. Establishment of industrial schools, etc. Any city or town may, through its school committee or through a board of trustees elected by the city or town to serve for a period of not more than five years and to be known as the local board of trustees for vocational education, establish and maintain independent industrial, agricultural and household arts schools. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 4.]

873. Districts to be established, etc. 1. Districts composed of cities or towns, or of cities and towns, may, through a board of trustees to be known as the district board of trustees for vocational education, establish and maintain independent industrial, agricultural or household arts schools. Such district board of trustees may consist of the chairman and two other members of the school committee of each of such cities and towns, to be appointed for the purpose by each of the respective school committees thereof; or any such city or town may elect three residents thereof to serve as its representatives on such district board of trustees. 2. Such a district board of trustees for vocational education may adopt for a period of one year or more a plan of organization, administration and support for the said schools, and the plan, if approved by the board of education, shall constitute a binding contract between the cities or towns which are, through the action of their respective representatives on the district board of trustees, made parties thereto, and shall not be altered or annulled except by vote of two thirds of the board, and the consent of the board of education to such alteration or annulment. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 5.]

874. Advisory committees, etc. Local and district boards of trustees for vocational education, administering approved industrial, agricultural or household arts schools, shall, under a scheme to be approved by the board of education, appoint an advisory committee composed of members representing local trades, industries and occupations. It shall be the duty of the advisory committee to counsel with and advise the local or district board of trustees and other school officials having the management and supervision of such schools. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 6.]

875. Non-resident pupils, etc. Any resident of any city or town in Massachusetts which does not maintain an approved independent industrial, agricultural or household arts school, offering the type of training which he desires, may make application for admission to such a school maintained by another city or town. The board of education, whose decision shall be final, may approve or disapprove such application. In making such a decision the board of education shall take into consideration the opportunities for free vocational training in the community in which

the applicant resides; the financial status of the community; the age, sex, preparation, aptitude and previous record of the applicant; and all other relevant circumstances. . . . [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 7.]

876. Tuition fees, etc. 2. The city or town in which the person resides, who has been admitted as above provided, to an approved independent industrial, agricultural or household arts school maintained by another city or town, shall pay such tuition fee as may be fixed by the board of education; and the commonwealth shall reimburse such city or town, as provided for in this act. If any city or town neglects or refuses to pay for such tuition, it shall be liable therefor in an action of contract to the city or town, or cities and towns, maintaining the school which the pupil, with the approval of the said board, attended. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 7.]

877. Reimbursement. Independent industrial, agricultural and household arts schools shall, so long as they are approved by the board of education as to organization, control, location, equipment, courses of study, qualifications of teachers, methods of instruction, conditions of admission, employment of pupils and expenditures of money, constitute approved local or district independent vocational schools. Cities and towns maintaining such approved local or district independent vocational schools shall receive reimbursement as provided in sections nine and ten of this act. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 8.]

878. Payments to be made annually from the state treasury, etc. The commonwealth, in order to aid in the maintenance of approved local or district independent industrial and household arts schools and of independent agricultural schools consisting of other than agricultural departments in high schools, shall, as provided in this act, pay annually from the treasury to cities and towns maintaining such schools an amount equal to one half the sum to be known as the net maintenance sum. Such net maintenance sum shall consist of the total sum raised by local taxation and expended for the maintenance of such a school, less the amount, for the same period, of tuition claims, paid or unpaid, and receipts from the work of pupils or the sale of products. . . . [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 9.]

879. Cities and towns to be reimbursed. . . Cities and towns maintaining approved local or district independent agricultural schools consisting only of agricultural departments in high schools shall be reimbursed by the commonwealth, as provided in this act, only to the extent of two thirds of the salary paid to the instructors in such agricultural departments: provided, that the total amount of money expended by the commonwealth in the reimbursement of such cities and towns for the salaries of such instructors for any given year shall not exceed ten thousand dollars. . . . [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 9.]

Cities and towns that have

880. Cities and towns to be reimbursed. paid claims for tuition in approved local or district independent vocational schools shall be reimbursed by the commonwealth, as provided in this act, to the extent of one half the sums expended by such cities and towns in payment of such claims. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 9.]

881. Statement to be made to the general court. On or before the first Wednesday of January of each year the board of education shall present to the general court a statement of the amount expended previous to the preceding first day of December by cities and towns in the maintenance of approved local or district independent vocational schools, or in payment of claims for tuition in such schools, for which such cities and towns should receive reimbursement, as provided in this

act. On the basis of such a statement the general court may make an appropriation for the reimbursement of such cities and towns up to such first day of December. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 10.]

882. Certain schools to continue in operation. Schools heretofore established under the acts and parts of acts repealed by this section, and approved by the board of education, shall continue in operation subject to the provisions of this act for such schools. [Acts, 1911, c. 471, § 11.]

883. Training of teachers for vocational and continuation schools. The board of education is hereby authorized to establish and maintain classes for the purpose of training teachers for vocational and continuation schools, established under the provisions of Acts, 1911, c. 471, Acts, 1912, c. 106, Acts, 1913, c. 805. [Acts, 1914, c. 391.]

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884. Cities or towns may provide for training of vocational school teachers. Any city, town, or district composed of cities and towns may, with the approval of the board of education, through its school committee or other board of trustees for vocational education, establish classes for the training of teachers for continuation and vocational schools established and maintained under the provisions of Acts, 1911, c. 471, or Acts, 1912, c. 106 and Acts, 1913, c. 805. Such classes shall be maintained under the provisions of, and subject to all the conditions, not inconsistent with this act, of Acts, 1911, c. 471. [Acts, 1914, c. 174.]

885. Director of educational work for aliens, appointment, etc. The board of free public library commissioners may, with the consent of the governor and council, appoint an agent or secretary to direct educational work for the benefit of the alien population of the commonwealth, at a salary of such amount, not exceeding two thousand dollars, as the governor and council may approve. The said agent may at any time be removed from office by a majority vote of the board. In case of a vacancy, temporary substitutes may be engaged on terms and conditions approved by the governor and council. [Acts, 1913, c. 668, § 1.]

TEXTILE SCHOOLS.

886. Textile schools in cities. If the mayor of a city files a certificate with the commissioner of corporations that in said city there are in operation four hundred and fifty thousand or more spindles, not less than seven nor more than twenty persons, citizens of this commonwealth, may associate themselves by an agreement in writing for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a textile school in such city for instruction in the theory and practical art of textile and kindred branches of industry, with authority to take by gift or purchase, and hold real and personal property to the amount of three hundred thousand dollars. A copy of said agreement and of the signatures thereto, sworn to by any one of the subscribers, shall be submitted to the governor, and if he certifies his approval of the associates as suitable for the purposes of their association and of this section, and they organize by the adoption of by-laws and the election of officers and file a certificate thereof and the certificate of the approval of the governor with the secretary of the commonwealth, he shall issue to them a certificate of corporation as similar as may be under the circumstances to the forms heretofore provided in this chapter and thereupon said associates shall be a corporation for said purposes, with all the powers and privileges, and subject to all the duties and obligations, of corporations organized for educational purposes under the provisions of this chapter, except as herein otherwise provided. Said cor

poration shall be known as the Trustees of the Textile School of the city in which it is located and may fill all vacancies in its membership, except as otherwise provided in section twenty-two. Only one such corporation shall be established under the provisions of this section in any one city. [R. L., c. 125, § 20.]

887. Appropriations by cities. A city in which such corporation is established may appropriate and pay to it not more than twenty-five thousand dollars, and, upon such payment, the mayor and superintendent of schools of such city shall ex officiis be members of said corporation. [R. L., c. 125, § 21.]

888. Appropriations by commonwealth. If a city appropriates and pays money to such corporation, or if the trustees or members thereof pay money into its treasury for the establishment and maintenance of such schools, the commonwealth shall appropriate and pay to said corporation an amount equal to the total amount so appropriated and paid, not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars, and, upon such appropriation and payment by the commonwealth, the governor shall, with the advice and consent of the council, appoint two trustees of the corporation for two and four years respectively, and at the end of each of said terms a trustee for four years, and such trustees and their successors by like appointment shall be members of said corporation. The governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall fill all vacancies in the membership created by this section. [R. L., c. 125, § 22.]

889. Graduates of the Lowell textile school may elect two additional trustees. Graduates of the Lowell textile school who hold the diploma of the trustees and faculty thereof may choose by ballot one trustee for the term of two years from the first day of July next succeeding such election, one trustee for the term of three years from said date and one trustee for the term of four years from said date, and thereafter may elect one trustee annually for the full term of four years. Said trustees shall be in addition to those provided for by Acts, 1895, c. 475, and by acts in amendment thereof or in addition thereto. . . . [Acts, 1905, c. 216, § 1, as am. by Acts, 1906, c. 275, § 1.]

890. Certain persons ineligible. No officer, instructor or other employee of said corporation or school, and no person graduated at the school in the year in which the election is held, shall be eligible for election as such trustee. The trustee elected at the annual meeting in the year nineteen hundred and five, under the act of which this is an amendment, for the term of two years from July 1, 1905, shall hold his membership in said corporation until the expiration of the term for which he was elected. [Acts, 1905, c. 216, § 1, as am. by Acts, 1906, c. 275, § 1.]

891. Trustees to prescribe method of voting, etc. The trustees of the Lowell textile school shall prescribe the method of voting and of certifying the vote. Duly certified proxies of graduates entitled to vote, but who are not present, shall be recognized. [Acts, 1905, c. 216, § 2.]

892. Members ex officiis. His honor the lieutenant governor and the secretary of the board of education shall be ex officiis members of the corporation styled the Trustees of the Lowell Textile School. [Acts, 1906, c. 275, § 2.]

893. Granting of degrees by the Lowell textile school. The trustees of the Lowell textile school are hereby authorized to grant the degree of Bachelor of Textile Engineering and Bachelor of Textile Dyeing to pupils who have taken the four-year day course of the Lowell textile school in said departments and have passed the examinations required for graduation. [Acts, 1912, c. 62.]

894. Trustees of certain textile schools to make annual reports. The