Rank and Command. Commission Officers of the Navy of the United States are divided into the following rank and denominations: Commodores, commanding squadrons. Captains, commanding trigates and vessels of 20 guns. Masters Commandant, commanding sloops-Lieuten ants. Commodores are to wear their broad pendants at all times on board the ship they command. The order of precedence and command in a ship is as follows: 1. Captain or Commander. 2. Lieutenants, agreeably to the date or number of their commissions. 3. Masters. 4. Master's Mate. 5. Boatswain. 6. Gunnner. 7. Carpenter. 8. Midshipmen. SALUTES.-When the President shall visit a ship of the United States Navy, he is to be saluted with 21 guns. Vice President, 19 guns. Heads of Departments, Governors of states and territories, and Foreign Ministers, 17 guns. Major Generals, 15 guns. Brigadier Generals, 13 guns. The Fourth of July, and the anniversary of Washington's birth day are to be celebrated by salutes of 17 guns. United States' ships of war are not to strike their topsails, nor take in their flags, in any part of the world, to any foreign ship or ships, unless such foreign ship or ships shall have first struck, or shall at the same time strike their flags and topsails to the ships of the United States; nor are they within the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, to salute any foreign ships whatever. Commanders rank with Brigadier Generals. Masters Commandant rank with Majors. Lieutenant in the navy rank with Captains in the army. According to Official Reports, the United States Regular Army in January, 1840, amounted to 12,577. The principal organization is as follows: General Staff Major General UNITED STATES ARMY. Years.] 57| Corps of Topographical Engincers 1790 75 1800 903 1810 2,300 1820 4,500 1830 8,450 1835 10,770 1836 11,091 1837 11,767 1838 12,519 1839 12,780 19 Two Regiments of Dragoons 3 Four Regiments of Artillery 43 Eight Regiments of Infantry Total The principal Officers are. 1 | Lieutenant Colonels 2 Majors 1 Captains 17 First Lieutenants No. of Rec'ts, being[ The total non-commisioned officers, musicians and privates are 11,804. There are two great Military Divisions, divided by a line commencing at the mouth of the Mississippi-following up the river to Cassville, in Wisconsin Territory, thence north to the boundary line between the United States and Canada. All west of that line is called the WESTERN DIVISION, all east of it the EASTERN DIVISION. The total number of the militia of the United states is about 1,400,000. The militia comprises all able-bodied white males from 18 to 45; and when called into actual service, they receive the same pay as the regular army. POST OFFICE. The following table exhibits the general condition of the Post Office Department, at different periods from 1790 to 1839, inclusive. $37,935 $32,140 $5,795 4,476,638 4,624,117) Balance in Balance Extent of Miles annual Total ex- favor of de- against de- Post Roads mail transportpostage. penditures. partment. partment. in miles. ation. $ 48,999 39,809 368,759 1,875 20,817 36,406) 72,492 36 322 1,498 3,020 7,496 12,577 115,176 112,774 118,264 18 26 172 208 141,242 134,818 133,999 9,375 3,057,964 4,694,000 8,800,000 14,500,000 25,869,486 27,578,620 32,597,006 34,580,202 34,496,878 The extent of mail transportation stated in the above table, is exclusive of the distance it is carried by steam boats and other vessels. The business is conducted in the Post Master General's office, by himself, his three assistants, and fifty-six clerks and messengers, whose aggregate salaries amount to $79,000. And in the Auditor's office, by himself and fifty-two clerks and messengers, whose aggregate salaries amount to 64,980. The communications received in the different offices, excluding the Auditor's office, amount to a daily average of about 900 for the working days, equal to 281,700 a year; the communications sent, to about 500 daily, equal to 156,500 a year; and the cases actually decided by the Post Master General, to 50 daily, equal to 15,650 a year. 64 Value of Foreign Coin in money of the United States. Value in Value in VALUE OF FOREIGN COINS-STATISTICS OF THE PRESS. Sweden Tuscany Turkey Venice Maine New-Hampshire Massachusetts (at Boston 65) Rhode Island New-York (at New-York city 71) Pennsylvania (at Philadelphia 71) Maryland (at Baltimore 20) North Carolina 41 Georgia 26 Florida Territory 31 Alabama 124 Mississippi 14 Louisiana (at New Orleans 10) 31 Arkansas 274 Tennessee Kentucky 253 Ohio at (Cincinnati 27) 3 Michigan 48 Wisconsin Territory 16 Iowa Territory 52 Indiana 30 Illinois Statistics of the Press. Number of newspapers, magazines, and periodicals, published in the United States on the 1st of July, 1839. 33 34 36 26 4 50 31 164 31 3 69 25 1555 Of the above, 116 are published daily; 14 tri-weekly; 39 semi-weekly; 991 once a week. The remainder are issued semi-monthly, monthly and quarterly-principally magazines and reviews. Many of the daily papers issue tri-weeklies, semi-weeklies, and weeklies. Thirty-eight are in the German language, four in the French, and one in the Spanish. Several of the New Orleans papers are printed in French and English. Hunt's Magazine. PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIARY OFFICERS, FOREIGN MINISTERS, &c., OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH DATES OF APPOINTMENT, SALARIES, AND PLACES OF RESIDENCE. Secretaries of War. Henry Knox, (Mass.,) Sept. 12, 1789. Vice Presidents. Salary, $5,000. John Adams, (Mass.) Aaron Burr, (N. Y.) George Clinton, (N. Y.) George Clinton, (N. Y.) Elbridge Gerry, (Mass.) Daniel D. Tompkins, (N. Y.) John C. Calhoun, (S. C.) John C. Calhoun, (S. C.) Martin Van Buren, (N. Y.) Richard M. Johnson, (Ky.) Secretaries of the Treasury. Salary, $6,000. George Cabot, (Mass.,) May 3, 1798, (declined.) Benjamin Stoddart, (Md.,) May 21, 1798. Salary, $6,000. James Monroe, (Va.,) Nov. 25, 1811. Richard Rush, (Pa.,) Mar. 7, 1825. Levi Woodbury, (N. H.,) 1834. Salary, $6,000. W. H. Crawford, (Ga.,) Mar. 2, 1815. J. C. Calhoun, (S. C.,) Dec. 16, 1817. Secretaries of the Navy. Salary, $6,000. [The Navy Department was not established until the year 1798.] Benjamin W. Crowninshield, (Mass.,) Dec. 19, 1814. S. Thompson, (N. Y.,) Nov. 30, 1818. Post-Masters General. S. Osgood, (Mass.,) Sept. 26, 1789. Chief Justices. John Jay, (N. Y.,) Sept. 26, 1789. Salary, $6,000. R. J. Meigs, (Ohio,) 1814 to 1823. Associate Justices, J. Rutledge, (S. C.,) Sept. 26, 1789. 1806. Thomas Todd, (Va.,) March 2, 1807. E. Randolph, Va., Sept. 26, 1789. Salary, $5,000. John Marshall, (Va.,) Jan. 27, 1801. F. A. Muhlenberg, Pa., 1st Congress, 1789. Salary, $4,500. Levi Lincoln, (Mass.,) Jan. 3, 1811, (declined the appointment.) Attorneys General. Salary, $3,500. John Q. Adams, (Mass.,) Feb. 22, 1811, Richard Rush, Pa., Feb. 10, 1814. Speakers of House of Representatives. Henry Clay, Ky., 16th Con., 1819. James K. Polk, Tenn., 24th Con., 1835. MINISTERS TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES. SALARY, $9,000. OUTFIT, $9,000. Envoys and Ministers Plenipotentiary. Thomas Pinckney, S. C., to England, Jan. 12, 1792. |