1877

ECLIPSES.

In the yea1877 there will be five Eclipses, three of the Sun and two of the Moon: I. A Total Eclipse of the Moon, February 27. Invisible in America, the Moon being below the horizon through the whole continuance of the eclipse.

II. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, March 14. Invisible in America.
III. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, August 8. Invisible in America.
IV. A Total Eclipse of the Moon, August 23.
follows:

Partly visible in the United States, as

6 26 ev.

7 15 ev.

New York

4 23 ev.

5 24 ev.

6 14 ev.

7 3 ev.

Phila lphia..

8 4ev.

6 10 ev.

6 59 ev.

8 oev.

Washington

Buffalo.

V. A Partial Eclipse of the Sun, September 6. Invisible in North America.

7 52 ev.

7.45 ev. 7 40 ev. 7 10 ev.

6 58 ev.

6 2 ev.

6 51 ev.

5 55 ev.

6 41 ev.

5 50 ev.

5 20 ev.

5 gev.

MORNING AND EVENING STARS.

DEFINITION.-The planet Venus is called a Morning Star when she rises before the Sun, and an Evening Star when she sets after the Sun. The planets Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn may be considered Morning and Evening Stars when they rise shortly before the Sun, or set shortly after the Sun, in the same manner as Venus does. But they may also be considered as Evening Stars when they rise before twelve o'clock at night, and as morning Stars when they are visible before sunrise, until the day when they set on or before sunrise, The following tables have been prepared according to the preceding definition:

Morning Stars.

Venus, until May 6. Mars, until June 6.
Mars is also visible before sunrise until about
September 5; after which date he sets be-
fore sunrise earlier every day.
Jupiter, until April 13.

Jupiter is also visible before sunrise until
about June 22; after which date he sets be-
fore sunrise earlier every day.
Saturn, from March 1 to June 16.
Saturn is also visible before sunrise until
about the middle of September, when he
sets before sunrise earlier every day.

Evening Stars.
Venus, after May 6.

Mars, after June 6, rising after that date be-
fore midnight.

Jupiter, after April 13, rising before midnight. Saturn, until March 1, and also after June 16, at which date he begins to rise before midnight.

The position in the heavens of the four bright planets, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn," are best determined by an observer without instruments by means of their times of rising, passing the meridian, and setting.

The year 1877, until July 4th, is the one hundred and first year of the Independence of the United States.

Explanation of the above Table.
to that it last had. The character 8 indi-
cates that the planet is opposite the Sun, or
180 deg., or a half circle, east of it, and rises
when the Sun sets, and sets when he rises.
When a planet is a quarter of a circle, or go
deg. from the Sun, east or west, it is known
by n.

In the table above it is to be understood that the word "near" and the character & (conjunction) are synonymous, and mean that the two bodies are nearest each other at the time expressed, and that they are then on a line running from the North Pole through both bodies, and have the same right ascension. GR. ELON. means greatest elongation, or greatest apparent angular distance from the SUN. STATIONARY means that the planet is then without apparent motion east or west with respect to the Stars, and is about to move in a direction contrary

1⁄2 near 24
near
near

Dec.. DO

near

Nov..& near

near

near

3 II 56 e.

4

9 33 e.

8

5 27 e.

near 2

8 7 40 e.

9 II 37 e.

14

8 15 e.

8

6 30 m.

12

5 53 m.

13

5 18 e.

O 42 S.

5

ON.

9 S.