LETTER II.

Make Cape Breton-islands of ice-their origin and

magnitude-Banks of Newfoundland-gulfstream

--cause of the hazy weather generally found on

the Banks of Newfoundland-Bankers

LETTER III.

Gulf of St. Lawrence-Cape Breton—a short ac-

count of it-Magdalene islands—Island of Anti-

casti-Mouth of the St. Lawrence--country on

each side of the river-mountains—principles for

ascertaining their height-Labrador shore-Seven

Islands—King's posts—a battle between a whale,

a thresher, and a sword fish - -

18

-Bason of Quebec, and surrounding scenery
arrive at Quebec -

LETTER V.

The river St. Lawrence a fine approach to America

--why-observations on theoriginal colonization of
Canada-intrusted by the French king to private
individuals-original discovery of Quebec-taken

by the English in 1629, restored 1632 -

41

LETTER VI.

Samuel de Champlain founder of Quebec-advan-

tages of its situation-Cape Diamond — Site of

Quebec-Upper and Lower Town described-be-

sieged by the Americans in 1775—death of Mont-

gomery-present population of Quebec-objects

of curiosity-arsenals-nunneries—Roman catho-

lic and protestant clergy-how supported—tythes

-fortifications of Quebec--Plains of Abraham-

death of Wolfe—views of the surrounding coun-

try_Cape Diamond-why so named

-

47.

LETTER VII. '.

River St. Lawrence-extent of the ship navigation

-its communication with the interior—situation

of Quebec renders it the key of the St. Law-

- - -

69

Page

knowledge-division of Canada into two pro-

vinces—very impolitic—their union easy -

75

LETTER IX.

Falls on the River Chaudiere--travelling in the

woods very difficult--not so to the Indians and

voyageurs-why-delirium the effect of being lost

in the woods-illustrated by examples-River

Chaudiere-description of the Fall—the Fall of

Montmorency_description thereof comparison

between the Montmorency and Chaudiere -

87

LETTER X.

Influence of the Canadians in the legislature-

French language used in the House of Assembly-

Le Canadien, a French newspaper-observations

upon the conduct of the managers thereof-the

effects of conquest-Canadians, by the articles of

capitulation, not granted their old laws-proved by

a review of the articles of capitulation-bad effects

of an improper administration of justice, illus-

trated by examples—in Canada, no bankrupt laws

-consequences thereof - - -

100

LETTER XI.

Travelling in Canada—the caleshes-the auberges-

Canadian politeness conspicuous-manners of the
· people-appearance of the country-road from

Quebec to Montreal—the seigneuries and conces-
sions-rivers which fall into the St. Lawrence-
Canadian farming-St. John's fort-Lake Cham-
plain-Canadian farmers-in general poor---cause

Page

of their poverty--the law making marriage a co-

partnership, and creating a communité de bien

124

LETTER XII.

Montreal-situation-Island of Montreal-surround-

ing country-Lake St. Peter's--markets of Mon-
treal well supplied-La Chine-arrival and de-
parture of the North-west canoes—the canoe de-
scribed-the North-West Company—their origin

-Canadian voyageurs-Upper Canada trade from

Montreal-bateaux-Indians of different nations

-remarks on them - - - :

144

. LETTER XIII. '

Population of Canada-Upper and Lower Canada

-reasons for a greater increase of population in

Upper than in Lower Canada-Upper Canada pre-

ferred by emigrants-whygeneral idea of the

trade of Canada-statement of exports on an aver-

age of five years-presents to the Indians-how

far advisable that they should be continued 164

LETTER XIV.

Canadian trade with the United States---statement