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CLAIBORNE AND BENNETT.

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8. Lord Baltimore did not rest quietly under the wrong that had been done him. He immediately took steps to call the commissioners to account for their unlawful proceedings, and directed Governor Stone to require all persons to take the oath of fidelity, and to re-establish the Proprietary government, which was accordingly done in 1664.

9. Claiborne and Bennett immediately invaded Maryland with a considerable force, and Stone, either from timidity or disaffection, submitted.Bennett and his party having seized the government, disfranchised the very men who had received them into the province when flying from persecution abroad. An assembly was called, but no Roman Catholic or adherent to the royal cause was allowed to vote for delegates to it, or sit therein as a member. This body representing a minority of the people, immediately passed a law excluding Roman Catholics and members of the Church of England from the protection of the government. This act, disgraceful as it was, can hardly be called a stain upon the fair fame of Maryland. It was the act not of Marylanders, but of those whom they had received in their midst, and those, who, protected by the arms of

Questions.-8. What did Lord Baltimore do? 9. Who invaded Maryland? Who were disfranchised? Who were excluded from the assembly? Can this be called an act of Marylanders?

the usurping government at home, usurped the government of Maryland, of those who, like the serpent in the fable, stung to death the benefactor that had warmed them into life.

CHAPTER X.

Rebuke to Gov

RESTORATION OF THE PROPRIETARY ernor Stone--Recovery of the Records-Unsuccessful Expedition to Providence-Barbarity of the PuritansAppeal to Cromwell--Decision of the Board of Trade -Bennett Makes Terms-Fendall-The Last of Clai borne.

1. When Lord Baltimore was apprised of the proceedings, he dispatched William Eltonhead to the colony, with a severe rebuke to Governor Stone, for thus yielding up his authority without a blow, and with instructions to resume it immedi ately. In 1655, Stone began to make levies among the people of St. Mary's, who had always remained faithful to the Proprietary.

2. He dispatched Eltonhead with a force of twenty men, to recover the provincial records, which the commissioners had seized, and to capture a magazine of arms, which the Puritans had gathered.

Questions.-1. Who was sent to the colony and for what purpose 1 2. Where did the governor send Eltonhead?

CRUELTY OF PURITANS.

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3. Being successful in this, he pressed into his service ten or twelve vessels lying in the harbor. Embarking his force upon these, Governor Stone set out against the people of Providence.

4. By the aid of an armed merchantman lying in the harbor, the Puritans were successful. The fight that took place was well sustained, but the undisciplined levies of St. Mary's were no match to the Puritans, many of whom doubtless were used to battle under the victorious banner of Cromwell.

5. This victory of the Puritans was stained by an act, as cruel and bloody as it was unnecessary. The governor and his council, and others, to the number of ten, were condemned to death, although they had surrendered themselves upon the pledge of quarter. Four of them were shot in cold blood. The rest escaped at the stern intercession of the soldiers themselves.

6. The governor and his council were detained prisoners for a long time. They were prohibited from communicating with their friends; and Stone was not allowed even to write to his wife, at St. Mary's, without submitting his letter to the inspection of his keepers. She was subsequently allowed to nurse him during the recovery of his wounds.

Questions.-3. What second expedition did he undertake? 4. What prevented its success? 5. What barbarity were the Puritans guilty of? 6. What was their treatment of the governor and council?

7. Both parties now appealed to Cromwell.After some delay the controversy was referred to the "commissioners of trade" in England. They reported entirely in favor of the Lord Proprietary. Capt. Josias Fendall was appointed governor, and directed by Baltimore to see that the act for freedom of conscience was duly observed in Maryland. He was also ordered to reward with grants of land all who had been active in his behalf, and to take especial care of the widows of those who had fallen.

8. To give aid and countenance to his governor, Lord Baltimore appointed his brother, Philip Calvert, secretary of the province. The governor and secretary obtained possession of the capital without difficulty, but beyond the faithful county of St. Mary's, their success did not immediately extend.

9. The Puritans being determined to consider their authority as undisputed, summoned an assembly, which convened on 24th of September, 1657. They levied a tax to pay the public expenses, and appointed commissioners to collect the fines imposed upon the adherents of the Proprietary. But their domination was at an end.

Questions.-7. To whom did both parties appeal? To whom did he refer the matter? Their decision? Who was now appointed governor? What instructions did he receive? 8. Who was appointed secretary to the province? They obtained possession of what place? 9. What did the Puritans do?

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10. The negotiations of Lord Baltimore with Cromwell, began to be successful. The Puritan Bennett, perceiving the turn affairs were taking, and despairing of retaining the supremacy of his party, hastened to come to terms with the Proprietary. Fendall was acknowledged Governor; and Maryland was once more restored to the government of the Proprietary, after nearly six years of rebellion.

11. But no sooner had Fendall overthrown the power of the Puritans, than he set about undermining that of the Lord Proprietary. At the session of 1659, the house of delegates demanded that the governor and council should no longer sit as an upper house. For a time, Fendall made a show of resistance, but at length yielded and took his seat in the lower house.

12. The upper house was then declared dissolved. Fendall resigned his commission from the Lord Proprietary, into the hands of the assembly, and accepted a new one from that body in their own name and by their own authority.

13. The power of this new rebel was of short duration. The people were tired of intestine commotions, and, remembering the mild government of Leonard Calvert, joyfully submitted to Philip Calvert, who was appointed governor upon intelli

Questions.-10. What is said in this section? 11. What did Fendall do? 12. What further? 13. What is said of the people of the colony?

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