Shades of Citizenship: Race and the Census in Modern PoliticsStanford University Press, 2000 - 248 halaman This book explores the politics of race, censuses, and citizenship, drawing on the complex history of questions about race in the U.S. and Brazilian censuses. It reconstructs the history of racial categorization in American and Brazilian censuses from each country s first census in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries up through the 2000 census. It sharply challenges certain presumptions that guide scholarly and popular studies, notably that census bureaus are (or are designed to be) innocent bystanders in the arena of politics, and that racial data are innocuous demographic data. Using previously overlooked historical sources, the book demonstrates that counting by race has always been a fundamentally political process, shaping in important ways the experiences and meanings of citizenship. This counting has also helped to create and to further ideas about race itself. The author argues that far from being mere producers of racial statistics, American and Brazilian censuses have been the ultimate insiders with respect to racial politics. For most of their histories, American and Brazilian censuses were tightly controlled by state officials, social scientists, and politicians. Over the past thirty years in the United States and the past twenty years in Brazil, however, certain groups within civil society have organized and lobbied to alter the methods of racial categorization. This book analyzes both the attempt of America s multiracial movement to have a multiracial category added to the U.S. census and the attempt by Brazil s black movement to include racial terminology in census forms. Because of these efforts, census bureau officials in the United States and Brazil today work within political and institutional constraints unknown to their predecessors. Categorization has become as much a "bottom-up process as a "top-down one. |
Isi
Race Categories | 25 |
U S Census Race Categories 17901840 | 28 |
U S Census Race Categories 18501990 | 44 |
Brazilian Censuses | 85 |
Brazilian Census Color Questions and Categories | 104 |
Popular Campaigns Around | 129 |
More than Numbers | 163 |
Race Categories and Instructions to Census | 187 |
211 | |
241 | |
Edisi yang lain - Lihat semua
Shades of Citizenship: Race and the Census in Modern Politics Melissa Nobles Pratinjau tidak tersedia - 2000 |
Istilah dan frasa umum
African AMEA American argued bill black activists black movement Brazil brown Census Bureau census campaign census categories census data census schedules census text census-taking Chinese cial citizenship civil rights claims color data color question committee count by race cultural Datafolha economic elites enumerators ethnic European federal Freyre groups Hispanic IBGE IBGE's Ibid ideas identified immigrants included inquiry institutional Interracial Voice Japanese Jornal do Brasil legislation Mandela mestiço Mexican moreno mulatto Multiracial activists multiracial category multiracial movement Negro blood nonwhite Nott octoroons one-drop rule organizations origins pardo Paulo percent person of mixed political polygenist population Project RACE public policies quadroons Race Categories race question race science racial categorization racial data racial democracy racial discourse racial identity racial membership racial mixture racial thought racially mixed Rio de Janeiro scientific scientists slavery slaves social southern Susan Graham tabulation tion U.S. Bureau U.S. Census U.S. Census Bureau United
Buku ini dirujuk
Korean American Evangelicals New Models for Civic Life Elaine Howard Ecklund Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |