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who has supported her, has but 30l. per annum, a shameful scanty allowance, from her husband's brother, who came to a good estate by his death, and who had been maintained by his brother when living-The Princess has left off Sunday drawing-rooms, when she resides in town; and the King's drawing-room at St. James's, immediately after Divine Service, is, as I am told, very short. She is obliged to go every Saturday to London, in order to attend the King's drawing-room the next day at Kensington; and has every other Sunday a drawing-room in town, to avoid the coming purposely to town on a week-day.

"Alas! too many are the causes of our dissoluteness! But the grand depraver of the morals of the lower people is that greatest of all evils, because both a natural and moral evil, drams. Were I sure that what I have done in relation to Ventilators, &c. &c. would be a means of bettering the health, and prolonging the lives, of an hundred millions of persons, it would not give me near the satisfaction that I have from the pleasing reflection of having, for near thirty years past, borne my public testimony in books and newspapers against drams eleven times; and the last time, in my book on Ventilators, which I lately published, in which I have exerted myself at large, with the strongest expostulations, in hopes to rouse the attention and indignation of mankind against this mighty debaser and destroyer of the human species. And as there are many things in that book which will be of great benefit to mankind, so I am in hopes that the cautions I give against those, worse than infernal, spirits, will be the more attended to, and taken in good part. With this view I have sent the book to the principal Nations in Europe, as far as to Petersburg, the greatest gin-shop in the world; for that Empress has the whole monopoly of them. And I have, for some months past, given orders to send 400 of that book to all our Colonies in America, from Barbadoes to Hudson's Bay, sending with each parcel pressing letters to the several Governors against those decolonizing legions of evil spirits; which I cannot forbear looking on as the third woe in the Revelations, a woe much sorer and greater than the sum total of all the other woes there denounced.

"Ventilators are now in such esteem in our Fleet, that they work them incessantly night and day.

"If, when the Princess comes to reside in town, you should have a call towards Duke's Court, St. Martin's Lane, on a Saturday, after twelve o'clock, I should be glad to see a Fellow Collegiate old acquaintance. With what a number of years have we been blessed beyond those of many of our contemporaries! The infirmities of age will not perinit me to visit you. I am, Sir, your affectionate humble servant, STEPHEN HALES *.

"Pray my respects to Mrs. Sisson and her Sister, to whom Mrs. Gillow in my house sends hers."

* This excellent Divine and very able Natural Philosopher, whilst at Bene't College, Cambridge, employed his hours of relaxation in the study of Botany and Anatomy, in which Dr. Stukeley was bis constant companion. He was many years Minister of Teddington; where he died June 4, 1764, aged 84. He was one of the witnesses to Mr. Pope's Will.

LETTERS

LETTERS from the Rev. Mr. WARBURTON
(afterwards Bp. of GLOUCESTER)

to the Rev. Dr. PHILIP DODDRIDGE *.

"REVEREND AND WORTHY SIR, London, April 19, 1738. "I found the very agreeable favour of your Letter of the 13th instant in London, where I am lately come for a few days. I can now easily forgive the Country Clergyman †; as owing to him, in some measure, the acquisition of such a friendship as I flatter myself, Sir, to reap in you. And, though you give so polite a turn to that occasion, I must never suffer myself to believe that it was any merit in my book, but a generous indignation against an abandoned libeller, that has procured me the honour of so considerable a patroniser.

"I will assure you, Sir, that, next to the service of Truth, my aim in writing was to procure myself the favour and friendship of good and learned men. So that you will not wonder that I accept the friendship you are pleased to offer me in so generous and polite a manner, with all the pleasure that gifts most esteemed amongst men are generally received. Difference of religious persuasion, amongst sincere professors, never was, I thank God, any reason of restraining or abating my esteem for men of your character in life and learning.

"I have read your Proposals for The Family Expositor;' and have entertained, from the specimen, so high an opinion of your Notes and Paraphrase, that, had I any thing material on the Gospels, I should be very cautious (without affectation) of laying them before so accurate a Critick, notwithstanding all the temptations I should have of appearing in so honourable a station. But the truth is, I have little of this kind on the Evangelists worth your notice, and your work is already in the press but you shall be sure to command what I have on the other parts of the New Testament on occasion, if of any service to you. In the mean time, I make it my request to be admitted into the list of your Subscribers. I shall pay the subscription-money to

Large as the present volume already is, I cannot resist the pleasure of inserting in it a Series of Letters, so honourable both to Bp. Warburton and Dr. Doddridge, which should properly have been introduced with those to Dr. Forster in pp. 151-169. Most (but not all) of them were printed in 1790, in a very judicious and entertaining Collection of Letters to and from Dr. Doddridge, published by the Rev. T. Stedman, Vicar of St. Chad's, Shrewsbury. That curious volume is now rare; and I not only have obtained the worthy Editor's free consent to reprint them, but have been favoured by the loan of the Originals; by which several additions are now made, which had before been omitted from motives of delicacy now no longer existing.

+ In January, 1737 8, Mr. Warburton published the first volume of "The Divine Legation of Moses," &c.; and in March, a Vindication of the Author of that Work, from the Aspersions of the Country Clergyman's Letter, in the Weekly Miscellany of Feb. 14, 1737. The professed Editor of the Miscellany was Dr. William Webster. T. S.

His name accordingly appears in that list.

Mr.

Mr. Hett*, but shall take no receipt, because I would have one from yourself, in order to engage you to begin a correspondence from which I expect to receive so much benefit and pleasure. I am greatly indebted to you, Sir, for your good prayers. I beg you would do me the justice to believe you do not want mine; being, with the utmost esteem and sincerity, dear Sir,

Your most affectionate humble servant, W. WARBURTON." "DEAR SIR, Newarke-upon-Trent, May 27, 1738. "It has been a great pain to me, that I had not an opportunity before now of returning my hearty thanks for your last very friendly letter of the 22d past. It would have been a particular pleasure to me to have taken Northampton in my way home: but I was under prior engagements to go by Cambridge, where I stayed much longer than I intended, as not being able to withstand the importunities of my Friends. So, I have been got home but a very little time. But I do not despair of finding leisure and opportunity of paying my respects to you at Northampton, if not this summer, yet next spring.

You see that wretched Writer of the Weekly Miscellany (God knows from what motive) goes on with the most frantic rage against me, unawed by the public contempt and detestation. You would naturally imagine that he had some time or other received, or that he thought he had received, some personal injury from me; but you will be surprized to be told that I never, to my knowledge, saw him, or ever made him the subject of my conversation or writing, he being always esteemed by me of too infamous a character to have any kind of concern with; for, take such a man at the best, suppose him sincere, and really agitated with zeal for Religion, it was always my opinion that the very worst rogue in society is a saint run mad. I can assure you, with the utmost sincerity, that my motive in taking any notice of him, and the doing it with the temper I did, was out of pure Christian charity, to bring him to a right mind. What has been the consequence? -it has but made him the more outrageous, and unchristian, and insulting. His coadjutor, Venn, publicly declared that I discovered in my Vindication such a sneaking humble spirit as shewed plainly I was not orthodox. What then is to be done with these men, either for my own sake, or the sake of the publick? they beginning to grow a nuisance to all virtue, to all learning, and love of truth. A poor young Fellow of Oxford did but say the other day, in a Sermon, that he thought natural reason discovered that God would pardon a returning sinner, and they fell upon him as the worst of heretics; he recanted, and they led him chained at their chariot-wheels in triumph through their news-papers. I have determined what to do: :- having thought it proper to publish a Sermon, preached two years ago at the last Episcopal Visitation for Confirmation, on 2 Peter, cap. i. ver. 5 and following, I take an opportunity in a Preface, *Mr. Richard Hett, Bookseller in the Poultry, and afterwards Treasurer to the Company of Stationers. See the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. III. p. 607.

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that gives the reasons of the present publication, to draw my adversary in his native colours: a thing, in my opinion, very necessary for the good of society, and no offence to Christian charity sure to expose a professed persecutor. There is a Postscript which, I dare say, you would think there was little occasion for, did I not tell you that there are London Divines who pretend to think the calumny confuted in it is none. These matters will be but little worth your notice. But the Sermon itself may deserve it more, and, I hope, may give you some entertainment. I shall therefore take the liberty of ordering one to be given to Mr. Hett for you, which I beg your acceptance of. You see how insensibly I have entered into matters, with all the liberty and freedom of a Friend. I will make no apology for that, because, I dare say, it would be displeasing to you. I know not how, dear Sir, to make my acknowledgments for the many very kind things which your partiality to me puts me upon saying, otherwise than by assuring you of my most sincere and cordial esteem and affection. What I said of your specimen was my real sentiments; and I have the highest expectations of the Work, and so, I perceive, has the world; and I make no question of your satisfying them. I shall certainly take the first opportunity of looking into Sir Isaac.

"Pray what think you of our new Cabalists? Are they more rational than the Jewish? Is not Hutchinson's method as much a disgrace to human nature as that of the Talmud? What think you too of the Methodists? You are nearer to Oxford. We have strange accounts of their freaks; and Madam Bourignon's books, the French Vissionnaire, are, I hear, much inquired after by them.

"I beg my most humble service to good Mrs. Doddridge, whose guest I hope to have the pleasure and honour of being. My Mother, I thank God, is well, and joins with me in our best respects to you both. I heartily pray God long to continue and increase your happiness and health, that you may go on vigourously in his service at a time when it wants such servants.

"I am, reverend and dear Sir, your most affectionate brother, and most obedient friend and humble servant, W. WARBURTON."

"DEAR SIR, Newarke-upon-Trent, Feb. 12, 1738-9. "I am much indebted for your last kind Letter; and I heartily wish I could make the same excuse for not acknowledging it sooner, that you have done on the same occasion. But I live in a much less comfortable neighbourhood, and at a greater distance from the few friends whose acquaintance is worth cultivating. But the knowledge of my friends' happiness always relieved my own unhappiness. The kind obliging things you say to me would, from a Courtier, very much disgust me; but coming from one whose virtues and parts I have so great an opinion of must needs be highly agreeable to me, though I thought them no more than the effects of a partial friendship, and merely on that ac

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count. Every thing you say concerning the Dedication* to the Princess of Wales I highly approve of; and I dare trust you in preserving the dignity that becomes an honest man and a Minister of Christ. All that relates to J-m, and who he is, and his affair with Count Zinzendorf, and what that is, I am an entire stranger to, and should be glad of a little information in that matter. I have heard indeed there are Priests of Hercules amongst you, as well as you know there are such amongst us. Last summer I was at Nottingham, and, saying there what I thought fit of you, I understood you was once expected to receive that Province under your care. But Providence was kinder to you than to commit that peace, which is the reward and product of your virtues, to so turbulent a people; and thought fit to punish their unchristian zeal, by depriving them of one who could have regulated and reformed it.

"Young Fordyce † has great merit, and will make a figure in the world, and do honour to Professor Blackwell, whom I have a great esteem for. Apropós of this last. You may remember Webster abused him in the libels he wrote against me. I hope his charge in that particular was false, as I know all his others were.

"Manne's § is a wild ridiculous notion, and you will do well to expose it . Sir Isaac's is much more plausible; though this great man, in Divinity and Chronology, is as much below many others, as he is above every body in Mathematicks and Physicks.

"Pray how do you like Chapman's Book against The Moral Philosopher?' He writes by order of the A. B. C¶. You see he is civil to me. We should laugh about some circumstances in it were we together. Look at p. 444, and tell me whether you do not think something has been struck out after the first word of the last line but one. You see, p. 272, he goes out of his way to rectify an observation of mine, but very unluckily. He says, that what I lately said of Arnobius, as undertaking the defence of Christianity before he understood it, must be interpreted as to doctrines and precepts; which is not to be wondered at, since he wrote before he was admitted to baptism.' Mr. Chapman seems to have mistaken me every manner of way.

First, you see, he supposes I have left it in doubt what I meant by Arnobius's not understanding Christianity; but you know the place where I make the observation confines it to doctrine. 2. He supposes I made a wonder that he did not understand Christianity, whereas the wonder lay in his writing about it before he un*Of "The Family Expositor." T. S.

† David Fordyce, Professor of Philosophy in the Marischal College, Aberdeen; and elder brother of Dr. James Fordyce, the elegant Preacher to Young Men and Young Women.—Of David more hereaster.

Dr. Thomas Blackwell, Prineipal of Marischal College, Aberdeen. He died March 18, 1757. See the "Literary Anecdotes," vol. V. p 641. § Master of the Charterhouse. "Literary Anecdotes," vol. H. p. 165. See "Family Expositor," V. i. 96. note (g) 140, (a) 310, (g) &c. Dr. John Potter, Archbishop of Canterbury.

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