to the present treaty, and the Siamese authorities shall aid them therein. All fines levied for infractions of the present treaty shall belong to the Siamese government.

ART. 23. The contracting German states and their subjects shall be allowed free and equal participation in all privileges that may have been or may hereafter be granted by the Siamese government to the government, subjects, or citizens of any other nation.

ART. 24. After the lapse of twelve years from the date of ratification of this treaty the contracting states may propose a revision of the present treaty, and of the regulations and tariff thereunto annexed, in order to introduce such alterations, additions, and amendments as experience may prove to be desirable. Notice of such an intention must, however, be given at least a year beforehand. ART. 25 The present treaty is executed in fourfold copies in the German and Siamese and the English language. All these versions have one and the same meaning and intention, but the English text shall be looked upon as the original text of the treaty, as that if any different interpretation of the German and Siamese versions shall ever occur, the English text shall determine the sense. The treaty shall take effect immediately, and its ratification shall be exchanged at Bangkok within eighteen months of the present date.

In witness thereof, the plenipotentiaries named at the beginning have signed and sealed the present treaty, at Bangkok, on the seventh day of the month of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, corresponding to the Siamese date of the eighth day of the third moon in the year of Cork, the third of the decade, eleventh of the present reign, and one thousand two hundred and twenty third of the Siamese civil era.

(Here follow the seals and signatures of all the commissioners.)

The general regulations of trade, tariff, &c., being the same as in the United States, are not copied.

AARON J. WESTERVELT, Consul.

FEBRUARY 26, 1862.

*** Business, at this time, dull; there is not an American vessel in port, and but very few European. The usual agricultural staples are abundant; perhaps at no former period has so large a crop of rice been produced, and the demand being limited, the price is likely to rule very low.

Fisheries are becoming more extensive along the coast, and the export has much increased. China and Java offer a ready and remunerative market. American ships are few in these waters.

*

On rice the right of prohibiting exportation is still reserved. In all cases one month's notice is to be published.

The following statements show the total exports from Bangkok to all nations for the year ending December 31, 1861, together with return of British shipping, and the indirect or carrying trade in British vessels during the same period:

ENTERED.

77 20,067 14, 497 34, 924 1,844

37,96 1,902 284,000

INDIRECT OR CARRYING TRADE IN BRITISH VESSELS FROM AND TO OTHER COUNTRIES FOR 1861.

CHINA.

Treaty of amity and commerce between his most faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and his Majesty the Emperor of China.

His most faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and his Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to fix upon solid bases, by means of a solemn treaty, the friendly and commercial relations which for centuries have existed between the kingdom of Portugal and the Chinese empire, have for this end named as their plenipotentiaries, that is to say, his most faithful Majesty the King of Portugal Isidoro Francisco Guimarães, a member of his council, governor general of Macao, plenipotentiary to China, commander of the ancient and most noble order of the tower and sword of valor, loyalty, and merit, of S. Bento d'Aviz, of Nossa Senhora da Conceçião de Villa Viçosa, of Charles III of Spain, and of the elephant of Siam, a knight of the order of Christ, captain in the royal navy, &c., &c., &c.; and his Majesty the Emperor of China, Hangki, high imperial commissioner of the Ta-Tsing dynasty, member of the ministry of foreign affairs and of the board of rites, graciously permitted to wear the insignia of the first rank, general of division of the red-embroidered banner, honorary councillor of state, &c., &c., &c.; and Chung-Hou, private councillor, minister of the board of rites, superintendent of the foreign trade at the three ports of Tang-chou, Tien-tsin and Neu-choang, provisional general of the province of Tchi-ly, &c., &c., &c.; who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles of treaty:

ARTICLE 1. There shall continue to exist constant peace and amity between his most faithful Majesty the King of Portugal and his Majesty the Emperor of China, whose respective subjects shall equally enjoy, in the dominions of the high contracting parties, the most complete and decided protection for their persons and property.

ART. 2. And hereby are entirely annulled and held as non-existing by this treaty everything that down to this day has been done, at whatever time or place, whether in writing, or printed, or verbally agreed, with respect to the relations between Portugal and the empire of China, and between the government of the city of Macao (formerly in the province of Canton) and the Chinese authorities in virtue whereof, from now henceforth, the present treaty, concluded and signed by the plenipotentiaries of the two states, duly provided with their respective credentials, is to serve as the only valid regulation of these relations.

ART. 3. The governor general of Macao, in his capacity of plenipotentiary of his most faithful Majesty in China, may visit the court of Pekin every year should important affairs render it necessary.

If in the future of the government of his Majesty the Emperor of China shall allow the plenipotentiary of any other foreign nation to reside permanently at Pekin, besides those who have already their representatives there, the envoy of his most faithful Majesty may consider such permission as extending to himself, and avail of it should he deem convenient.

ART. 4. The diplomatic agents shall enjoy at their residences all the privileges and immunities accorded by the law of nations; that is to say, that their persons, their families, their homes, and their correspondence shall be inviolate. ART. 5. The expenses incurred by the diplomatic missions of Portugal in China shall be borne by the Portuguese government. The diplomatic agents which his Majesty the Emperor of China may be pleased to appoint to the court of his Majesty the King of Portugal will be received with all the honors and

privileges enjoyed by the other foreign diplomatic agents of equal rank accredited to the said court.

ART. 6. The official correspondence forwarded by the Portuguese authorities to the Chinese authorities shall be written in Portuguese, accompanied by a translation in Chinese. In the same manner, the present treaty is to be written in Portuguese and in Chinese; which, after being duly compared, will serve as a document to guide each nation as the written version of its respective language.

ART. 7. The form of correspondence between the Portuguese and the Chinese authorities will be regulated by their respective rank and position, based upon complete reciprocity. Between the high functionaries of Portugal and China, at the capital or elsewhere, such correspondence will take the form of despatch or communication; between the subordinate functionaries of Portugal and the first authorities of the province, the former shall make use of the form of exposition, (Chau-Hoei,) and the latter that of declaration, (Xen-Cheu;) and the subordinate officers of both nations shall correspond together in terms of perfect equality.

Merchants, and generally all others who are not invested with an official character, will adopt, in addressing the Chinese authorities, the form of representation or petition, (Pin-Chen)

Whenever any Portuguese subject shall have to petition the Chinese authority of a district, he is to submit his statement beforehand to the consul, who will cause the same to be forwarded should he see no impropriety in so doing; otherwise he will have it written out in other terms, or decline to forward it. Likewise, when a Chinese subject shall have occasion to petition the Portuguese consul, he will only be allowed to do so through the Chinese authority, who shall proceed in the same manner.

ARTICLE 8. His Majesty the King of Portugal may appoint consuls at all the ports of China open to commerce, to look after commercial interests, and to watch the due observance of all the articles of this treaty.

The consul and the local authorities will show to each other reciprocal civilities and correspond with each other in terms of perfect equality.

The consuls and acting consuls will have the honor of Tau-Tai, and viceconsuls, consular agents, and interpreter translators, those of prefect. Their powers shall be equal to those of the consular authorities of other nations.

These functionaries are to be true agents of the Portuguese government, and not merchants. The Chinese government, however, will make no objection, in case the Portuguese government should deem it unnecessary to appoint a full consul to any of the ports, and choose to intrust a consul of a foreign nation, for the time being, with the duties of a Portuguese consul at that port.

ARTICLE 9. His Majesty the King of Portugal and his Majesty the Emperor of China, desiring to manifest their reciprocal amicable intentions, have agreed expressly upon the following:

All the subjects of both states shall always be treated, reciprocally, as friends in any part of the Portuguese or Chinese territories.

His Majesty the King of Portugal will enjoin upon the governor of Macao to bestow his most determined co-operation to avoid everything which might, at that place, be prejudicial to the interests of the Chinese empire.

His Majesty the Emperor of China may appoint, should he deem it convenient, an agent to reside at Macao, there to treat of commercial affairs and watch the due observance of the regulations. This agent, however, must either be a Manchú or a Chinese of the fourth or fifth rank. His powers are to be equal to those of the consuls of France, England, America, or of those of other nations who reside at Macao and Hong Kong, and there treat of their public affairs, showing their national flags.

ARTICLE 10. It is permitted to all Portuguese subjects and their families to