TABLE Exhibiting Information on the same points for the Year 1819.

TABLE Exhibiting Information on the same points for the Year 1849.

TABLES Showing the Influence of Intemperance on Sickness and Mortality and Crime amongst the European Troops under the Madras Presidency, during the Year 1849.

TABLE I.

Showing the Sickness and Mortality amongst Various Classes of Men.

The above return includes the 15th Hussars, H. M.'s 25th, 51st, 84th, and 94th Regiments, and the 1st Madras Fusiliers.

TABLE II.—Return showing the Comparative Ratio of Punishments, &c., awarded to following Classes of Men.

The returns of the year 1842 to 1846 inclusive, continued in the above tables, strengthen t improved view of the health of the European troops; the former average gave 3.856 per cent. death's, and the latter 3.508 per cent.; the average of the Native mortality continuing singula stationary, viz., 2:076 and 2.063 per cent. The Temperance and Punishment Tables should be the hands of every European soldier, to impress upon him the salutary lesson, that where 1 teatota is cut off, 4 intemperate men lose their lives; and in regimental courts martial, where not soldier in 200 is subjected to punishment, 28 intemperate men are punished; and before district a general courts martial the_teatotaler does not appear at all.

teato

An Attempt to Ascertain the Magnitude and Fluctuations of the Amount of BILLS OF EXCHANGE (Inland and Foreign) in Circulation at one time in Great Britain, in England, in Scotland, in Lancashire, and in Cheshire, respectively, during each of the Twenty Years 1828-1847, both inclusive; and also embracing in the inquiry BILLS drawn upon Foreign Countries. By WILLIAM NEWMARCH, Esq.

[Read before the Statistical Society of London, 22nd April and 20th May, 1850.]

I.-Introduction

II.-Definitions-Bases and Elements of

CONTENTS:

Page

Calculation-Mode of Procedure.. 144-146

III.-Data employed in the present Inquiry-Returns furnished by certain of the London Bankers and Bill Brokers-Tabular Analysis of these Returns-Importance

of the Results obtained from them 147-151

IV.-Division of the whole mass of Bills

into Three Groups-Reasons for
such Division, and Uses of it-Bills
employed in different Branches of
Trade

V.-Outline of the History of Bills of
Exchange since 1770-Small Bills
of last century

VI.-Opinions expressed by Lord Overstone and by Mr. Burgess: and impliedly sanctioned by the Parliamentary Committees of 1832 and 1840 concerning fluctuations

Page

160-166

143-144 | VIII.-Descriptive Outline of the man-
ner in which the Circulation of
Bills of Exchange is regulated
and promoted by the Banking
System of London and the Pro-
vinces
IX.-Estimates, Statistical and Gene-
ral, of the Amount of Funds em-
ployed in the London Money
Market and at the command of
the Provincial Bankers; and also
of the Amount of Bills of Ex-
change constantly under Dis-
count in London and the Pro-
vinces-Series of tabular esti-
mates and Statements......
......... 166–173
X.-Needful Corrections of Data
furnished by Stamp Office-
Series of Statistical Tables, con-
taining general Results of the
present Inquiry

151-152

152-154

in the volume of the Bill Currency 154-156 VII. The researches of Mr. Leatham

relative to Bills of Exchange-
Comparison of Mr. Leatham's
data with the data of this inquiry
Agreements -Differences of
considerable moment in data and
results

156-160

XI.-"Foreign Bills" (i.e., Bills drawn

173-179

upon Great Britain)-Method
of ascertaining the Amount of
these in Circulation at one time
-General Table, exhibiting
the Results of Mr. Leatham's
Researches, and also the Re-
sults, in a general comparative
Form, of the present Paper 180-183

I.-Introduction.

Or the four principal forms of currency to which in this country we

are accustomed, namely

(1) Bank of England notes,

(2) Country Bank notes,

Metallic money, and

(4) Bills of Exchange,

we are able to trace the fluctuations and to ascertain the amount of the first two with great precision; of the third with some approximation to certainty; and it is only as regards the last (bills of exchange) that we are not in possession of any extensive and accurate collection of data.

From a consideration of this fact the present inquiry has derived its origin.

The object of the investigation on which I am about to enter has been to arrive at some knowledge of the statistics of Bills of Exchange, to collect together such facts and to institute such calculations as may enable us to speak with some degree of confidence of the amount, the Auctuations, and the progress, of this large and most important part of the negotiable paper circulating in this country; and to embrace within