The sections are all numbered 1 to 36, commencing at the north-east

corner.

The sections are divided into quarters, which are named by the cardinal points. The quarters are divided in the same way. The description of a forty acre lot would read: The south half of the west half of the south-west quarter of section 1 in township 24, north of range 7 west, or as the case might be; and sometimes will fall short and sometimes. overrun the number of acres it is supposed to contain.

The nautical mile is 795 4-5 feet longer than the common mile.

NOTE.-A chain is 100 links, equal to 4 rods or 66 feet.

66 1 mile.

Shoemakers formerly used a subdivision of the inch called a barleycorn; three of which made an inch.

Horses are measured directly over the fore feet, and the standard of measure is four inches-called a hand.

In Biblical and other old measurements, the term span is sometimes used, which is a length of nine inches.

The sacred cubit of the Jews was 24.024 inches in length.

The common cubit of the Jews was 21.704 inches in length.

A pace is equal to a yard or 36 inches.

A fathom is equal to 6 feet.

A league is three miles, but its length is variable, for it is strictly speaking a nautical term, and should be three geographical miles, equal to 3.45 statute miles, but when used on land, three statute miles are said to be a league.

In cloth measure an aune is equal to 14 yards, or 45 inches.

An Amsterdam ell is equal to 26.796 inches.

A Trieste ell is equal to 25.284 inches.

A Brabant ell is equal to 27.116 inches.

HOW TO KEEP ACCOUNTS.

Every farmer and mechanic, whether he does much or little business, should keep a record of his transactions in a clear and systematic manner. For the benefit of those who have not had the opportunity of acquiring a primary knowledge of the principles of book-keeping, we here present a simple form of keeping accounts which is easily comprehended, and well adapted to record the business transactions of farmers, mechanics and laborers.

A SIMPLE RULE FOR ACCURATELY COMPUTING INTEREST AT ANY GIVEN PER CENT. FOR ANY

LENGTH OF TIME.

Multiply the principal (amount of money at interest) by the time reduced to days; then divide this product by the quotient obtained by dividing 360 (the number of days in the interest year) by the per cent, of interest, and the quotient thus obtained will be the required interest.

ILLUSTRATION.

Require the interest of $462.50 for one month and eighteen days at 6 per cent. An interest month is 30 days; one month and eighteen days equal 48 days. $462.50 multiplied by 48 gives $222.0000; 360 divided by 6 (the per cent. of interest) gives 60, and $222.0000 divided by 60 will give you the exact interest, which is $3.70. If the rate of Interest in the above example were 12 per cent., we would divide the $222.0000 by 30 6)360 (because 360 divided by 12 gives 30); if 4 per cent., we would divide by 90; if 8 per cent, by 45: and in like manner for any other per cent.

Solution.

$462.50

.48

370000

185000

60/$222.0000($3.70

12 units, or things, 1 Dozen. 196 pounds, 1 Barrel of Flour. | 24 sheets of paper, 1 Quire.

12 dozen, 1 Gross.

20 things, 1 Score.

200 pounds, 1 Barrel of Pork. 20 quires paper 1 Ream.

56 pounds, 1 Firkin of Butter. 4 ft. wide, 4 f. high, and 8 ft. long, 1 Cord Wood.

NAMES OF THE STATES OF THE UNION, AND THEIR SIGNIFICATIONS.

Virginia. The oldest of the States, was so called in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen," in whose reign Sir Walter Raleigh made his first attempt to colonize that region.

Florida.-Ponce de Leon landed on the coast of Florida on Easter Sunday, and called the country in commemoration of the day, which was the Pasqua Florida of the Spaniards, or "Feast of Flowers."

Louisiana was called after Louis the Fourteenth, who at one time owned that section of the country.

Alabama was so named by the Indians, and signifies "Here we Rest." Mississippi is likewise an Indian name, meaning "Long River." Arkansas, from Kansas, the Indian word for "smoky water." Its prefix was really arc, the French word for "bow."

The Carolinas were originally one tract, and were called "Carolana," after Charles the Ninth of France.

Georgia owes its name to George the Second of England, who first established a colony there in 1732.

Tennessee is the Indian name for the "River of the Bend," i. e., the Mississippi which forms its western boundary.

Kentucky is the Indian name for "at the head of the river."

Ohio means beautiful; " Iowa, "drowsy ones; " Minnesota, " cloudy water," and Wisconsin, "wild-rushing channel."

Illinois is derived from the Indian word illini, men, and the French suffix ois, together signifying "tribe of men."

Michigan was called by the name given the lake, fish-weir, which was so styled from its fancied resemblance to a fish trap.

Missouri is from the Indian word "muddy," which more properly applies to the river that flows through it.

Oregon owes its Indian name also to its principal river.
Cortes named California.

Massachusetts is the Indian for "The country around the great hills."
Connecticut, from the Indian Quon-ch-ta-Cut, signifying "Long

River."

Maryland, after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles the First, of England.

New York was named by the Duke of York.

Pennsylvania means "Penn's woods," and was so called after William Penn, its orignal owner.

Delaware after Lord De La Ware.

New Jersey, so called in honor of Sir George Carteret, who was Governor of the Island of Jersey, in the British Channel.

Maine was called after the province of Maine in France, in compliment of Queen Henrietta of England, who owned that province.

Vermont, from the French word Vert Mont, signifying Green Mountain.

New Hampshire, from Hampshire county in England. formerly called Laconia.

It was

The little State of Rhode Island owes its name to the Island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean, which domain it is said to greatly

resemble.

Texas is the American word for the Mexican name by which all that section of the country was called before it was ceded to the United States.