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1'64.3960 (12.82 roct.

1.

1X2=22) 64

44

12X2=248)2039

1984

128X2=2562) 5560

5124

436 remainder.

12.82×12.82+436=164.3960. proof.

(6) What is the square root of 6.9169?

Ans. 2.63.

(7) What is the square root of 1486.17901? Ans. 38.55.+ (8) What is the square root of .000132496? Ans. .01151+ OBS. 2. When the Root of a vulgar fraction is required, reduce the vulgar to a decimal fraction, and then extract the root. Thus:

(9) What is the square root of 25?

Ans. 81+

425 6400-664. Then .66,40(81×81+79-6640 proof. 8X8=64

SX2=161)240

161

79 remainder.
2450?

1764

500

(10) What is the square root of 350
(11) What is the square root of 1296?
(12) What is the square root of 320
(13) What is the square root of 5042?
(14) What is the square root of 30, 450 ?
REMARKS, &C. LESSON 28.

25

Ans. .875. Ans. .857+

Ans. .S.

Ans. 7.125.

Ans. 5.5.

6. Apostrophe.-An apostrophe implies a departure from the regular course of the subject, for the purpose of addressing some particular person or thing. This figure originates both in imagination and in passion, and it results in a less bold exertion of those faculties than is requisite for personification. Thus, in the dying Christian, Oh death! where is thy sting! Oh grave! where is thy victory!

RULE. Avoid decking the object addressed with affectedl

Q

drapery, and tinsel ornaments, (the ordinary work of fancyand not of passion,) and never weaken a figure by extension. EXAMPLE.

Welcome, thou kind deceiver,

Thou best of thieves, who, with an easy key,
Dost open life, and, unperceiv'd by us,
E'en steal us from ourselves; discharging so
Death's dreadful office, better than himself;
Touching our limbs so gently into slumber,
That death stands by, deceiv'd by his own image,
And thinks himself but sleep.

(This is part of Cleopatra's apostrophe to the asp which was about to sting her to death. It is too tame and fanciful, too particular and descriptive for the occasion that drew it forth. Apostrophes which are addressed to the passions, should be short, concise, and even abrupt, and couched in strong language; those addressed to the imagination, admit of greater length and regularity.

SPELLING.-LESSON 29.

ca-pit-u-late

kă-pit'yu-late col-le-gi-an

car-niv-o-rous kàr-niv'vō-rus col-lo-qui-al

köl-lē jē-ǎn

kol-lō'kwē-ǎl

ca-tas-tro-phe ka-tǎs'trō-fe col-lu-sor-y kŏl-lū'sŭr-ē ca-thol-i-cism kă-thōl'ē-sizm com-bus-ti-ble kom-bus'te-bl sē-lĕb'brē-tē com-me-di-an köm-medê ăn

ce-leb-ri-ty

ce-ler-i-ty

cen-so-ri-ous

cen-ten-ni-al

se-běr re-te com-mem-o-rate kom-měm'mō-rāte sen-sō'rē-us

com-mend-a-ble kom-měnd'ǎ-bl sen-tĕn'nē-ăl com-mens-u-rate kõm-mens ́yü-rāte cen-trif-u-gal sen-trif'u-găl com-mis-er-ate köm-miz'ĕr-āte cen-trip-e-tal sen-trip'ē-tăl com-mo-di-ous kom-mō'dē-us

cer-tif-i-cate sĕr-tif'ē-kět

[blocks in formation]

com-mod-i-tykim-mode-te

com-mu-ni-cant kom-mūnē-kǎnt

com-par-a-tive kom-păr'ā-tiv com-par-i-son kom-pǎr'ē-sun

chi-ca-ner-y she-kā ́nur-ê com-pas-sion-ate kõm-păsh'shun-āte chi-mer-i-cal ke-mer'rë-kal com-pat-i-ble kom-păt ́ē-bl chi-rog-ra-pher ki-rög'ra-fur com-pen-di-ouskom-pen'dē-us chi-rog-ra-phy ki-rog'gra-fé com-pen-di-um kom-pen'jē-ăm chi-rur-ge-ry ki-rur ́jē-rē

chro-nol-o-gy krō-nol'ō-je

com-pet-i-tor kom-pět'ē-tur com-pla-cen-cy kom-pla'sen-se

chro-nom-e-ter kro-nom'mē-turcom-pres-si-ble kom-pres'se-bl cir-cu-i-tous sĕr-kü'ē-tus com-pul-so-ry kom-pul'sur-e cir-cum-fe-rence sĕr-kum'fé-rense con-cav-i-ty kon-kav'ē-tē

cir-cum-flu-ent sĕr-kŭm'flū-ĕnt con-ceiv-a-ble kõn-sev'ă-bl ci-vil-i-ty sē-vil'ē-tē con-com-i-tant kon-kom'ē-tǎnt co-ad-ju-tant kō-ăd'jū-tant con-cu-pi-scence kon-ku pê-sense co-ag-u-late kō-ag'u-läte con-fec-tion-er kön-fěk'shun-ur co-in-ci-dence kō-in ́sé-dense con-ge-ni-al kon-jē ́nē-ăl col-lat-er-al kol-lǎt'ter-ǎl con-ge-ri-es kon-jë'rë-ēz

LESSON 30.

The reply of congress to Washington's address.

1. General Washington, having delivered his address, advanced to the president's chair and tendered his commission; he then returned to his place, and received, standing, the following reply, delivered by the president, general Mifflin :

"Sir, The United States in Congress assembled, receive with emotions too affecting for utterence the solemn resignation of the authorities under which you have led their troops with success, through a perilous and doubtful war.

2. Called upon by your country to defend its invaded rights you accepted the sacred charge, before it had formed allian ces; and whilst it was without funds, and without a government to support you. You have conducted the great military contest with wisdom and fortitude, invariably regarding the rights of civil power, through all disasters and changes.

3. You have, by the love and confidence of your fellow citizens, enabled them to display their martial genius, and transmit their fame to posterity. You have persevered, until these United States, aided by a magnanimous king and nation, have been enabled, under a just providence, to close the war in freedom, safety, and independence;-on which happy event, we sincerely join you in congratulations.

4. Having defended the standard of liberty in this new world; having taught a lesson useful to those who inflict, and those who feel oppression, you retire from the great theatre of action, with the blessings of your fellow citizens:—but the glory of your virtues, will not terminate with your military command, it will continue to animate remotest ages.

5. We feel, with you, our obligations to the army in general, and will particularly charge ourselves with the interests of those confidential officers, who have attended your person to this affecting moment.

6. We join you in commending the interests of our dearest country to the protection of Almighty God, beseeching him to dispose the hearts and minds of its citizens to improve the

opportunity afforded them of becoming a happy and respectable nation. And for you, we address to him our earnest prayers, that a life so beloved, may be fostered with all his care; that he may render your days as happy as they have been illustrious, and that he will finally give you that reward which the world cannot give.

PRACTICAL EXERCISES IN THE SQUARE ROOT-LESSON 31.

(1) A company of men gave $3.61 in charity, each gave as many cents as there were persons in company:-what was the number? Ans. 19.

(2) B planted an orchard of 484 trees on a square lot of ground:-how many trees were there in each row? Ans. 22. (3) A's snuff box is 4 inches in diameter; B's is four times as large:--what is its diameter?

Ans. 8in.

(4) D's circular pond is 100 feet in diameter:-what is the diameter of B's which is three times as large? Ans. 173.2+ (5) B's hat is 15 inches in diameter, and A's only half as large: what is its diameter? Ans. S.48in.

OBS. The square of the longest side of a right angle triangle, is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Hence, when the length of any two sides is given, that of the other side may be readily found.

(6) A line 160 feet long, reaches from the top of Barra May-pole, to the threshold of B's front door, which is 120 feet from the base of the May-pole:-what is the height of that pole? Ans. 106 feet nearly.

160X160 25600, the square of the longest side. 120X120 14400, the square of the other given side. 25600-14400=11200, the square of the side not given. The square root of which, 106ft. nearly, is the answer.

NOTE. If the right angle triangle in this example was reduced to a figure, the distance from the door to the May-pole, would be called the base; the pole, the perpendicular, and the line, the hypothenuse.

(7) The height of a fort is 15 feet, within a ditch 24 feet wide: what is the length of a ladder that reaches from the outer bank of the ditch to the top of the wall?

Ans. 28 nearly. (8) From the top of a tower 203 feet high, A stretched a line 212 feet long, to the opposite bank of a river which washed the base of the tower:-how wide was the river?

Ans. 61+feet.

REMARKS, &c.-LESSON 32.

7. Hyperbole.-Hyperbole is a figure in language founded apon the influence which the imagination and the passions exercise on the decisions of the mind. Its tendency is to magnify objects, and exaggerate circumstances beyond their just bounds.

RULE. Avoid the use of this figure in all cases where truth or precision is required. When introduced, avoid unreasonable exaggeration, lest you invade the province of bombast, and forfeit your claim to veracity.

EXAMPLE.

The star, which at your birth, shone out so bright,
Darken'd the duller sun's meridian light.

(This borders upon the ridiculous;-and yet, prepared by the hand of Dryden, it was swallowed by Charles II. soon after his restoration.)

If all the sticks in the world were made into pens, the heavens into paper, and the sea into ink, they would hardly furnish materials sufficient to describe the least part of your perfections.

OBS. This figure is frequently employed to diminish or under value objects held in disrepute.

Hamlet remarks of his mother's marriage:

That it should come to this!

But two months dead! nay, not so much,--net two,
Within a little month!

A little month! Or e'er those shoes were old
With which she followed my poor father's body:
She married!

A lover may bestride a gossamer

That idles in the wanton summer air,
And yet not fall:-so light is vanity!

NOTE. The above examples are manifest perversions of this figure: the exaggerations are so palpable as not only not to aid the language, but excite dislike.

SPELLING. LESSON 33.

con-grat-u-late kon-grat'yü-läte de-cem-vi-ri con-sid-er-ate kon-sid'ur-ate de-cid-u-ous con-so-la-ble kon-sō'lă-bl de-ci-sive-ly con-sol-i-date kon-sŏl'e-date de-ci-so-ry con-spic-u-ous kon-spik'ü-us de-du-ci-ble con-stit-u-ent kon-stit'yu-ent de-fi-cien-cy Q2

de-sem'vē-ri
dē-sid'ū-ŭs

dē-si'siv-lė

dē-si'sō-rē dē-dū se-bl de-fish'en-sẽ

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