earth are successively rising and entering upon the business of the day`; near the noon point', they are dining`; and at the evening line', they are retiring to rest`. Hence, throughout the whole earth, there is a constant succession of rising' and breakfasting, dining and supping', and going to rest'. Ann. How curious! And how curiously diverting it must be to an eye that can take in the whole at one view! ALLEGATION. LESSON 27. NOTE. Allegation exhibits the method of mixing compound quantities, and adjusting the price of the simples. CASE 1. When the several quantities and their prices are given, the mean price of any part of the compound may be found by the following RULE. As the sum of the several quantities So is the total value To the price of the part. Thus: (1) A has 15 bu. of rye, at 64 cents a bu.; 18 of corn, at 55 cents; and 21 of oats, at 28 cents a bu. which he mixes;what is the worth of a bu. of the mixture? ➖➖➖➖54 quan.-$25.38 value of the parts; then, as 54:1::25.38:0.47.-for 25.38X1÷54=0.47, Ans. (2) B has 4 lbs. of tea at 90 cts, a lb. 8 lbs. at 75 cents, and 6 lbs. at 110 cts, which he mixes;-what will a lb. of the mixture cost? Ans. 90 cts. (3) If 18 bu. of wheat, at 15 cts. a bu. be mixed with 12 bu. of rye worth 1.25 a bu.; what is the value of a bushel of the mixture? Ans. $1.40. REMARKS, &c.-LESSON 28. COMMON HONESTY. 1 Common honesty implies a fair', upright', just', and undisguised dealing with our fellow men in the ordinary business of life. Its chief characteristics are embraced in the memorable Golden Rule': "Do to others in all things, as you would that others', in like cases', should do to you`.' 2 Its effects are the establishment of confidence between man' and man'; a total cancel of the civil law`, and penal code', and a general harmony of sentiment and good feeling" throughout the world'. 3 It can hardly be denied', that the virtue which enters into the daily intercourse of man', the employments of all classes of people', and all the relations of life', and which alone can render life secure', and community comfortable', must be', in itself', one of the most amiable and honourable that can adorn human nature:-And such', in truth', and in very deed', is the unassuming and uncelebrated virtue of common honesty';-for', without it', man is a robber', and the human family a den of theives`. 4 Few of the virtues in the whole circle, are more abused than this, and none more generally and strenuously claimed by every one who claims membership with the brotherhood of man'. In a mercantile state', where wealth is the presiding deity', and where every deceptive art is fearlessly practiced to accomplish the mean, mercenary purpose of promoting this common idol', the virtue of common honesty, is most likely to perish. If professedly respected', it is too often merely assumed as a convenient cloak to disguise the designs formed to pillage your pocket' or libel your credit. 5 In every community of men', common honesty', is much less common than we are willing to suppose. Could it', for once', be universally introduced, respected, and maintained, in all ranks and employments of life', the golden age of fable would be restored to the world. Therefore', early and late`, by night' and by day`, in season' and out of season', cultivate this virtue by precept' and practice`; and verify the just remark of the moral poet': "An honest man', is the noblest work of God'.” Scene between Ximenia, and her mother Elenina. Ximenia. Rejoice For her, who', when the garland of her life To wither. Sorrowing for that gift of Heav'n-- Elenina. How is this! My child', what mean'st thou? Ximenia. Mother'! I have lov'd' And have been lov'd'! The sun-beam of an hour', Elenina. And thou hast lov'd unknown- Oh! pardon', pardon that I veil'd A treasure's place within my secret heart', And he',-my chosen',—was there among the rest, Sweet daughter', peace! Wake not the dark remembrance`; for thy frame Ximenia. There will be peace e'er long'; I shut my heart. Even as a tomb', o'er that lone, silent grief, That I might spare it thee! But now the hour Is come', when that which would have pierc'd my soul Shall be its healing balm. Save with a gentle sorrow! Elenina. Oh! weep thou not Must it be'? Art thou', indeed', to leave me'? Ximenia. Be thou glad! I say', rejoice above thy favour'd child'! Cast down its weight',-and slept! ALLEGATION. LESSON 31. CASE. 2. When the prices of the several rates are given to find how much of each at the given rate will make a mixture worth a given price. This is the reverse of case first: hence, the two cases reciprocally prove cach other. RULE. 1. Place all the rates of the simples under each other, and link each rate which is less than the mean, with one or more that is greater. 2. The difference between each rate and the mean price, placed opposite the respective rate with which it is linked, will give the quantity. Thus: (1) What quantity of sugar at 11 cts. a lb. at 6 cts. a lb. and at 8 cts. a lb. will make a mixture worth 7 cts. a lb? (2) A would mix wine at 14s. 19s. 15s. & 22s. a gallon, and sell the mixture at 18s. a gallon;-what quantity of each must he take? Ans. 4 at 14s. 1 at 15s. 3 at 19s. & 4 at 22s. NOTE. By connecting the less rate with the greater, and placing the difference between them and the mean rate alternately, it becomes evident that the loss and gain upon each quantity and upon the whole are perfectly equal; the result therefore must give the true rate. It is also evident that different modes of linking the prices will produce different results though strictly proportional quantities, and therefore equally cor rect. REMARKS, &c.-LESSON 32. Different modes of gaining Knowledge. 1. There are five principal methods, says Dr. Watts, of acquiring human knowledge. Observation, Reading, Lectures, Conversation, and Meditation. Each of these methods has its peculiar recommendations, but all of them can be employed to great advantage:-indeed all of them are necessary to form a general mind, accomplished in particular and general knowledge. 2. Observation is nothing more than the notice we take of the objects around us, and the occurrences of human life. This mode enables us to gather a greater amount, and richer variety of ideas, propositions, words and phrases, than either of the other modes, for we bring it into use at an earlier period, and we continue it to a later date than either of the others. 3. By observation, we learn that fire burns, the sun shines, the grass grows, the body dies, and that one generation succeeds another. All those things which we see, hear, taste and feel, or which come to our understanding without the help of our reflecting or reasoning powers, are derived from observation. |