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to the Red Sea. The distance is about forty-five miles`; and we travelled it in the same time in which the Israelites marched it`; taking the same season of the year', and observing the same stopping places`.

2. We easily found their encamping ground', and readily distinguished their critical situation on the shore of the Red Sea. Hemmed in on the right and left' by high and craggy mountains'; in the rear, by an overwhelming army with Pharaoh at their head'; and in front, by an arm of the ocean, spreading an unbroken sheet of more than forty miles extent; --a situation presenting to human view', inevitable destruction in the most appalling form'.

3. Well might the doubting Hebrews inquire of their leader', If he had brought them into the wilderness to perish', because there were no graves in Egypt. The sarcastic enquiry elicited from the lips of their meek commander`, this memorable exclamation': Fear not! stand still', and see the salvation of God. At this moment', the undismayed lawgiver', at the command of Jehovah', smote the glassy wave with his Shepherd's crook', and it instantly separated'; receding to the right and left', it opened a dry, sandy and firm path, through the midst of the ocean'.

4. Along this untrodden road', sentineled on both sides by lofty walls of water', and illuminated by the pillar of cloud in the heavens, the astonished Hebrew host', at the shutting in of day', took up their line of march`. The moon was now at the full'; and her silver rays, for once in times long circuit', fell sparkling among the golden sands that paved the ocean's bed'.

5. The lofty cloud of fire', led the van'; Moses', with his wonder working rod', marched next', and next to him', they bore the enbalmed body of the patriarch Joseph'. The marshalled hosts', divided into tribes', and sub-divided into households and families', presenting a line of many miles in length', following in perfect order', close up the rear, enter the deep defile', and', before the morning skirts the east, reach in safety the spicy shores of Arabia'.

LOSS AND GAIN. LESSON 27.

OBS. 3. When goods are to be sold so as to lose or gain a given per cl. the selling price may be found by the following RULE. AS 100, is to 100, increased by the required gain,

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or diminished by the proposed loss, so is the prime cost to the selling price. Thus:

(4) D bo't. 1 cwt. of iron for $3.43; at what price must it be sold, to gain 15 per cent.? 100+15=115. Then, as 100: 115:: 3.43: 3.945 nearly. for 115X3.43÷100-$3.945 Ans.

(5), B bo't. 112 bbls. of flour at $3.15 a bbl.;-how must he sell it a bbl. to lose 20 per cent.? Ans. $2.52 OBS. 4. When the loss or gain is known, the prime cost may be found by the following

RULE. AS 100 with the gain added or loss subtracted, is to 100, so is the selling price to the prime cost.

Thus.

(6) A sold 375 yds. of cloth for $490, and gained 20 per cent. what did it cost? 100+20 120. Then as 120: 100:: 490: 408.34;-for, 490 X 100120-$408.34. Ans. (7) B sold cloth at $1.20 a yd. and lost 20 per cent. :what did it cost? Ans. $1,50.

LESSON 28.

Additional rules for the correction of false syntax. RULE 24. When a noun of multitude, conveys a plural idea, the verb, &c. should agree with it in the plural number. As, my people do not consider, they have not known me.

People is a noun of multitude, third person, plural number, of one or both genders, and the subject of the verb do consider; do consider is an intransitive verb, indicative mood, present time, and agrees with its subject in the third person plural number.

The council was divided in its sentiments.

This sentence is faulty, because the verb, was, and the pronoun, its, are both of the singular number, whereas the noun, council, with which they should agree, is plural; therefore, was should be were, and its, their. Thus:--The council were divided in their sentiments.

The peasantry goes barefoot, and the middle sort makes use of wooden shoes. The virtues of mankind may be counted on a few fingers, but his follies are innumerable.

OBS. When the noun of multitude conveys an idea of unity, the verb, &c. must agree with it in the singular number. As,

the meeting was large.

The Parliament are dissolved. The nation are powerful. The congress were of small weight.

The house of Lords

were so much swayed by him. An army of twenty-four thousand men were assembled.

NOTE. In order to determine whether the noun of multitude conveys a singular or plural meaning, see if it actually represents the number of things which it suggests, or the whole as one entire thing. The noun, nation, though embracing many individuals, is usually of the singular number, being nothing more than a whole of one, while the noun, council, conveys the idea of more than one.

spe-cif-ic sub-mis-sion

SPELLING. -LESSON 29.

spē-sif'fik fore knowledgeföre-nol'idje sub-mish'shun for-got-ten

sub-mis-sive sub-mis'siv im-bod-y sub-scrip-tion sub-skrip ́shun im-mod-est sub-sis-tence súb-sis'tense im-pos-ture

for-göt't'n

im-bod'de

im-mod'děst

im-pòs'tshūre

sus-pi-cion

sus-pish'un im-promp-tu

im-prom'tū

ter-rif-ic

tĕr-rif'fik

im-proper

im-prop'ur

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The passage of the Red Sea, continued.

6. The moving of a great army', a mixed multitude of men', women', and children', with their herds lowing`, and their heavy baggage rumbling', was soon heard in the camp

of the Egyptians. Pharaoh immediately sounds the alarm, orders pursuit, and', at the head of his forces', approaches

the shore'.

7. At this moment', the great Angel of the Covenant', who', in the pillar of fire', had marched in the van of Israel's host', suddenly moved to the rear', and', in a dense, lurid cloud of portentous gloom', shut in the whole Egyptian front`.

8. Pharaoh', bewildered in darkness', sensible to the touch', knows nothing of the road on which he marches'; he hears, indeed, the noise of a mingled multitude before him`; the trampling of feet, the bleating of flocks', and the lowing of herds: he therefore concludes he is safe in following their track', and urges his troops directly toward the sound`.

9. His whole army', six hundred chariots`, fifty thousand horsemen, and two hundred thousand infantry', enter upon the bed of the sea', between two high walls of suspended wa

ter.

10. The last division of his troops', just leaves the shore', when the mysterious cloud', pours forth a torrent of blood-red fire. Whirlwinds', tempests', and thunder', burst from its impenetrable womb', and vivid lightning in broad and bright sheets, or livid flashes', exhibit to the affrightened Egyptians', the full extent of their perilous condition'.

11. They behold the waters of the ocean', suspended like the gaping jaws of two high mountains', ready to close upon them', and submerge them in one common grave. They lift up the voice of alarm in the unavailing cry of "Flee, flee from Israel! The Lord fights for them', and against us.

12. But the hour of escape is past'; the iniquity of that treacherous king`, and his inhuman host', has reached its utmost verge'. Judgment is laid to the line', and the vial of wrath is unloosed. The last rank of the Hebrew army', had barely reached the Arabian shore', when the wand of Moses', again stretched upon the wave', brought together the severed waters', with the roar of mighty floods', and the fury of rushing cataracts; and the whole Egyptian host', amid the thunders of heaven`, the bellowing of the struggling tempest, and the war of contending elements', were ingulphed in the watery abyss`.

EXERCISES IN LOSS AND GAIN. LESSON 31.

(1) C bo't. 210 reams of paper at $2.625 a ream, and sold it for $2.874-what did he gain on the whole? Ans. $52.50.

(2) B sells goods at 2d advance on every shilling :-what does he gain per cent. ? Ans. 16 3-4.

(3) When B sold his cloth for $2.23 a yard, he gained 10 per cent. what will he gain, if he sells at $2.75? Ans. 12.5. (4) A sold 100 boxes prunes at $3.50 a cwt.; they cost but $2.10 a cwt. :--what did he gain per cent. and what did each box weigh? Ans. 25 pr. ct. and 84 lbs. each. (5) A bo't. 372 lbs. of tea, for $410, and sold it for $500 : what did he gain on each lb.? Ans. $0.242 nearly. (6) B exchanged money and had 5 cts. on a dollar :--what was his gain per cent.?

Ans. $5. (7) B bo't. 112 lbs. of beef for $7 :--at what rate must he sell it per lb. to gain $3 on the whole?

FALSE SYNTAX.-LESSON 32.

Ans. $0.089.

RULE 25. When there is doubt with regard to the proper case of the noun or pronoun, after but, than and as, attend to the sense and supply the elipses. As, They loved him more than me, that is, more than they loved me. The sentimentis well expressed by Plato, but much better by Solomon than he.

This sentence is faulty, for, he, is a pronoun in the nominative form, and under the regimen of the preposition by, understood, in violation of the 25th rule, therefore, he, should be him. Thus :—the sentiment is well expressed by Plato, but it is much better expressed by Solomon than it is expressed by him.

The article was much better executed by his brother than he. By this unexpected event, they are much greater gainers than me. Though she is not so learned as him, yet she is as much beloved. These people, though they possess more shining qualities than them, yet they are not so vain as him, nor so proud as her. We contributed a third more than the Dutch, who were obliged to the same proportion more than us. Charles the king, and more than him, the duke and the people were at liberty to form factions.

NOTE. This rule is nothing more than a repetition of the 14th and 18th, for but, than, and as, are conjunctive participles, and they connect nouns and pronouns in the same case, and verbs in the same mood and tense. But the neglect of those rules, has led to the commission of many errors. H

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