620 ment. ing of the civil war, her familiarity with general his- 66 66 Bowditch, Jonathan Ingersoll, scientist, born in Salem, Mass., in 1808; died in Jamaica Plain, Mass., Feb. 19, 1889. He was a son of Dr. Nathaniel Bowditch, the mathemetician. He was educated for a mercantile career, and spent many years as supercargo of ves- Bowen, Levi Fowler, lawyer, born in Homer, N. Y., in 1808; died in Lockport, N. Y., Dec. 27, 1889. He removed to Lockport to practice law in 1832, was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas under the old State Constitution, became a member of the Assembly in 1815, was appointed a Supreme Court judge to fill a vacancy in 1852, and was afterward elected for a full term. In 1857 he served on the bench of the Court of Appeals, in 1861 was appointed provost-marshal of the Twenty-eighth New York District, and in 1873 was a second time elected judge of the county court. Judge Bowen was a member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1867-'78, and Presdent of the National Exchange Bank of Lockport. Breed, William Pratt, clergyman, born in Green- She Bridgman, Laura Dewey, blind and deaf mute, born in Hanover, N. H., Dec. 21, 1829; died in South Boston, Mass., May 24, 1889. She was in possession of all her faculties till two years of age, and was then suddenly prostrated by a fever, which deprived her of the senses of sight and hearing, and greatly weakened those of taste and smell. For five months she lay in a darkened room, and two years had passed before her general health was fully restored." then began showing a quick mind, an interest in things about her, and a desire to learn. Her necessities forced her to make a motion language of her own, and she soon became able to communicate her desires and distinguish each member of the family. About this time Dr. Samuel G. Howe, Director of the She also learned to do a little sewing and knitting. Perkins Institution for the Blind, in South Boston, heard of her, and visiting her parents expressed a desire to undertake her education on plans of his own. On receiving their consent he took her to the institution Oct. 12, 1837, and began a course of training, the form and results of which have proved of phenomenal interest to educators and scientists throughout the world. The process of teaching was necessarily so slow that, in spite of her remarkable quickness of apprehension and eagerness to learn, she had attained only about the same command of language as that possessed by ordinary children at three years of age, when she had been under instruction twenty-six months and was ten years old. Her sense of touch became more acute, and a marked improvement was noted in the senses of smell and taste. She was from the beginning of her training a most willing pupil and patient imitator, scening to realize the purpose of the simple exercises prepared for her. Dr. Howe watched her constantly, studying new devices to enable her to comprehend the emotions, desires, and fresh impressions that followed the daily enlargement of her intellectual powers. When she had raised-letter languages to enable her to converse acquired a sufficient command of the finger and with those about her, she was allowed a larger circle ment of her character and enlightenment of her mind of associates and acquaintances; and the develop were greatly aided thereby. Through the solitary sense of touch, her spiritual nature, moral sense, and The babe intellect were harmoniously developed. whom a fever seemed to have isolated from her kind and doomed to life-long darkness and ignorance became, through the skillful efforts of Dr. Howe and the teachers whom he specially selected for her, a Besides learning to read and in life and thought. useful and loving woman, pure and deeply religious write, she became a good seamstress, was skilled in fancy needle-work, operated a sewing-machine, and did various kinds of housework. Her range of reading was quite extended, and enabled her to converse without embarrassment with eminent people from tific and other works have been published on her all parts of the world who visited her. Many scienremarkable case since Charles Dickens called attention to her in his "American Notes," and the King of Prussia sent Dr. Howe a special gold medal for his marvelous achievement in educating her. She spent the greater part of her time in the Perkins Institution for the Blind, and remained in good health till 1876, when the death of Dr. Howe greatly depressed her, but she continued remarkably cheerful to the close of her life. Brigham, Mary Ann, educator, born in Westborough, She was educated at Mt. Holyoke June 29, 1889. Mass., Dec. 6, 1829; died near New Haven, Conn., Female Seminary, was a teacher in that institution in 1857-'58, taught nearly two years in a private school at Newton, Mass., was principal of Ingham University at Leroy, N. Y., nearly three years, and in 1863 became an assistant in Prof. Charles E. West's Brooklyn Heights Seminary, where she taught consecutively till June 6, 1889, when she resigned to accept the presidency of Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary, to which she had been elected in March. She had been active in procuring a college charter for the Mt. Holyoke Seminary and establishing a collegiate course there. She declined several tempting offers of promotion, including that of the presidency of Wellesley College. She was on her way to make farewell calis on her Brooklyn friends when she was killed in a railroad accident. Brinley, Francis, lawyer, born in Boston, Mass., Nov. 10, 1800; died in Newport, R. I., June 15, 1889. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1818, was admitted to the bar in 1821, was a member of the Legislature in 1832, 1850, and 1854, and of the State Senate in 1833, 1853, and 1863; served in the Constitutional Convention in 1853, was a member of the Common Council of Boston three years and its president two years, and was commander of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company for three terms. After removing to Newport he was elected a member of the Rhode Island Legislature in 1869, Vice-President of the Rhode Island Historical Society in 1881, and also President of the Newport Historical Society and of the Redwood Library. He was an accomplished writer, a forcible debater, and an impressive public speaker. Brocklesby, John, educator, born in West Bromwich, England, Oct. 8, 1811; died in Hartford, Conn., June 21, 1889. He was brought to the United States when nine, years old, was graduated at Yale College in 1835, became tutor in mathematics there in 1838, and in 1842 was appointed Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Trinity College, Hartford. He held the latter office till 1873, and was then chosen Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy, continuing in that chair till 1882. He contributed numerous technical articles to scientific publications, particularly to the Journal" of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and published "Elements of Mineralogy" (New York, 1848); "Views of the Microscopic World" (1850); Elements of Astronomy" (1355); and "Elements of Physical Geography" (1868). Brown, George Loring, painter, born in Boston, Mass., in 1814; died in Malden, Mass., June 25, 1889. He began his art carcer at an early age as an engraver on wood in his native city,, and for many years was employed engraving illustrations for juvenile publications. The charm of his work attracted the attention of a wealthy patron of art, who encouraged him to study painting and enabled him to take a course of instruction abroad. On his return he opened a studio in Boston, but soon afterward went to Europe again, studied in the Louvre, passed several years in Florence, and returned home in 1860. He painted more than fifty landscapes while living in Italy. His "Crown of New England" was bought by the Prince of Wales during his visit to the United States, and "The Bay of New York" was bought by several New York merchants and presented to the prince before his departure. "A Moonlight Scene" received a prize on its exhibition by the Art Union of Rome, and is now in its possession. His other noted works comprise The Doge's Palace and Grand Canal," "Palermo," "Atranti," "Bay of Naples," "Fountain of Trevi," " ""Venice," Sunset, Genoa," and Niagara by Moonlight." Brown, John Calvin, lawyer, born in Giles County, Tenn., Jan. 6, 1827; died in Red Boiling Springs, Tenn., Aug. 17, 1889. He was graduated at Jackson College in 1846, admitted to the bar, and began practicing in partnership with his brother, Neil S. Brown. In 1860 he was a Bell and Everett presidential elector, and in the following February was a Union candidate for the convention called to determine what course Tennessee should pursue in the impending struggle. In this convention he made a vigorous plea for adhesion to the Union. When the secession of Tennessee was claimed, he joined the Confederate army as a captain, fought through the war, attained the rank of major-general, and was three times wounded. After the war he became a railroad surveyor, was promoted till he reached the presidency of the Nashville Rail He road, afterward engaged in railroad building in Tennessee, then superintended the eastern and western extension of the Texas Pacific Railroad, and for a time was receiver of the entire Texas Pacific system. was president of the State Constitutional Convention in 1870, and was elected Governor in 1870 and 1875. After retiring from the executive chair he was appointed general counsel for the Texas Pacific Railroad and subsequently became its vice-president, a second time its receiver, and its president and general manager, holding the last office till the spring of 1883, when he resigned to accept the presidency of the Tennessee Coal, Iron, and Railroad Company. Brown, Oscar Frank, missionary, born in Perry township, N. Y., Sept. 2, 1837; died in Amityville, Long Island, N. Y., Sept. 22, 1889. He removed to New York city early in life, and for several years carried on a banking and commission business. While so engaged he became interested in religious work and began a mission in a tenement house in Eleventh Avenue, in which he gathered in two years, by personal effort, a congregation of 700 persons. From this tenement-house mission grew the Church of the Redeemer in West Fifty-second Street and a Sundayschool of nearly 600 pupils. His efforts as a missionary were so successful that he determined to apply himself wholly to religious work in the tenements and to enter the ministry. He accordingly took a course in theology, and in 1883 was ordained a minister of the Reformed Episcopal Church. A few years afterward exposure and devotion to his work undermined his health and forced him into a retirement. Bullock, William Fontaine, lawyer, born in Fayette County, Ky., Jan. 16, 1807; died near Shelbyville, Ky., Aug. 9, 1889. He was graduated at Transylvania University in 1824, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1828, and began practice in Louisville. He was a member of the Legislature in 1838, 1840, 1841, and 1843, was judge of the Fifth Judicial District of Kentucky from June 27, 1846, till Jan. 1, 1858, and was a professor in the Law School of the University of Louisville from 1849 till 1870. Judge Bullock drew up the bill for the establishment of the Kentucky Institution for the Education of the Blind (founded Feb. 5, 1842), and was its president from its organization till 1864 and again from 1884 till his death; drew up the bill for the establishment of the American Printing House for the Blind (opened Jan. 20, 1858, and made a national institution March 3, 1879), was its first president and a trustee till his death; and also prepared the bill for a department for colored children in the Institution for the Blind in 1884. Burnes, James Nelson, lawyer, born in Indiana, Aug. 22, 1832; died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 24, 1889. He was removed to Platte County, Mo., when a child, was graduated at the Harvard Law School in 1853, and practiced his profession actively for twenty years. In 1856 he entered official life as circuit attorney, was a Buchanan and Breckenridge presidential elector the same year, served as judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1868 till 1872, and was elected to Congress from the Fourth Missouri District as a Democrat in 1883, 1885, and 1887. During his service in Congress he was a member of the committees on Education, Appropriations, and Revision of the Laws, of the select committee on existing labor troubles, and of the Commission on Ordnance and Gunnery. Cabell, James Laurence, physician, born in Nelson County, Va., Aug. 26, 1813; died in Overton, Va., Aug. 13, 1889. He was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1833, studied medicine in Paris, and was elected Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in the University of Virginia. In 1846 he was elected chairman of the faculty. During the civil war he was surgeon in charge of the military hospitals of the Confederacy; in 1878 he was chairman of the National Sanitary Conference held at Washington to consider the yellow-fever epidemic that raged in Southern cities; and in 1879 was appointed a member of the National Board of Health constituted by Congress that year, was elected president by his associates, and re tained the office till his death. Besides numerous reports, he published "The Testimony of Modern Science to the Unity of Mankind" (New York, 1858). Caldwell, Samuel Lunt, clergyman, born in Newburyport, Mass., Nov. 13, 1820; died in Providence, R. I., Sept. 26, 1889. He was graduated at Waterville College (now called Colby University) in 1839, and at Newton Theological Seminary in 1845. In 1846 he was ordained pastor of a Baptist church in Bangor, Me., where he remained twelve years, and, after holding the pastorate of the First Baptist Church in Providence, R. 1., from 1858 till 1872, became Professor of Church History in Newton Theological Seminary. In the autumn of 1873 he was elected President of Vassar College. In 1885 he resigned that office and removed to Providence. Calvert, George Henry, author, born in Baltimore, Md., Jan. 2, 1803; died in Newport, R. I., May 24, 1889. He was a lineal descendant of George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, and on his mother's side of the painter Rubens. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1823 and afterward studied at Göttingen. On his return to Baltimore he became editor of the "American," and while holding this office several years published "Illustrations of Phrenology," the first American treatise on the subject (1832), several poems, sketches of travel, and translations from Goethe and Schiller. In 1843 he established himself permanently in Newport, and in 1853 became the first Mayor of the city. As he had inherited a considerable fortune from his parents, he spent the remainder of his life in travel, literary work for its own pleasure, and old-fashioned generous hospitality. He was a pioneer in calling attention to and discussing the school of hydropathy, interested himself in all phases of current thought, and was a frequent contributor to the periodicals. His published works include "A Volume from the Life of Henry Barclay " (1833); "Don Carlos," a metrical version from the German (1836); "Count Julian." a tragedy (1840); "Cabrio" (1840); "The Battle of Lake Erie," oration (1853); "Joan of Arc" (1860): "Arnold and André," historical drama (1864); " Goethe, his Life and Works" (1872); and "Wadsworth, a Biographical Study" (1878). Cameron, Simon, statesman, born in Maytown (now Donegal), Lancaster County, Pa., March 8, 1799; died there, June 26, 1889. He was an orphan when nine years old, and was adopted by Dr. Grahl, of Sunbury, Pa., who proposed to educate him for a physician and to leave him his own practice; but when seventeen years old young Cameron ran away and apprenticed himself to Andrew Kennedy, then publishing the Northumberland "Gazette." In the following year he went to Harrisburg and found employment in the office of the 66 Republican," and while working there became асquainted with Samuel D. Ingham, Seeretary of State of Pennsylvania, afterward Secretary of the United States Treasury. Mr. Ingham, who owned the Doylestown "Democrat," induced the young printer to become his editor, and, after re-establishing the paper, Mr. Cameron removed to Washington to gratify an ambition to study practical politics. He secured work as a compositor on the "Congressional Record," and applied all his leisure to making the acquaintance of public men and corresponding for the Doylestown Democrat." Breaking down with hard work, he returned to Harrisburg for rest, resumed his former place on the "Republican," and in a short time bought the paper. He changed its name to the "Intelligencer" and advocated high tariff and the presidential candidacy of John C. Calhoun. The Legislature elected him State printer, and, holding the office for five years, he used its returns to become a contractor for the construction of several sections of the Pennsylvania Canal. While engaged on this work he became adjutant-general of the State. In 1832 he began building a canal between the Mississippi river and Lake Pontchartrain, near New Orleans, and the same year was sent for by President Jackson for a consultation on national politics. Through his efforts Pennsylvania and other States urged the President to accept a second term. Calhoun was set aside for Martin Van Buren as candidate for Vice-President and James Buchanan was elected United States Senator. Mr. Cameron's political power being thus established, he sold out his Lake Pontchartrain contract, concentrated his financial interests within his native State, founded a bank in Middletown, and aided in organizing the Harrisburg and Portsmouth Railroad. In 1845 he was elected United States Senator to succeed Mr. Buchanan, whom President Polk had called to his Cabinet as Secretary of State, and in his first term he acted with the Democrats on important party questions, such as the Missouri Compromise bill. He also voted in favor of the notice to England to terminate the joint occupancy of Oregon, opposed the settlement of the Oregon controversy by ceding to England the region between latitude 54° 40′ and 49° north, and advocated the war with Mexico. On the expiration of this term he became active in the People's party, and in 1856 was returned to the Senate as a Republican, though the new party was defeated in his State. In 1866 his name was presented at the National Republican Convention for the presidential nomination. In the canvass he gave hearty support to Mr. Lincoln, who after the inauguration appointed him Secretary of War. He held this office till Jan. 11, 1862, when he was appointed United States Minister to Russia, where he rendered the national cause important service. In November following the House of Representatives censured one of his official acts, for which the President and Cabinet assumed equal responsibility, whereupon he resigned and returned home. In 1863 he aided in checking a scheme for the impeachment of President Lincoln for inefficiency. In 1866 and 1872 he was reelected United States Senator, and in the latter year succeeded Charles Sumner as chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations. In 1877 he resigned his seat and was succeeded by his son, James Donald Cameron. He was a stanch advocate of the nomination of Gen. Grant for a third term in 1880. In 1887 he made the last of his favorite summer trips to Europe and the West Indies, and on March 8, 1889, he celebrated his ninetieth birthday heartily with his old friends and neighbors. Campbell, John Archibald, lawyer, born in Washington, Wilkes County, Ga., June 24, 1811; died in Baltimore, Md., March 12, 1889. He was graduated at the University of Georgia in 1826, was a student at the United States Military Academy a short time, removed to Florida and studied law, and was admitted to the bar by a special act of the Legislature in 1829 on account of being a minor. He began practicing in Montgomery, Ala., and subsequently removing to Mobile had charge of the settlement of a large number of landtitles that were complicated by the obscurity of the early Spanish grants. In 1836 he was elected a member of the State Legislature, and in 1853 was appointed an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court to fill a vacancy. He held this office till the spring of 1861, when he resigned, returned South, and was appointed Assistant Secretary of War in the Confederate Government. In February, 1865, he was one of the Southern commissioners in the Hampton Roads. After the war he was arrested and confined in Fort Pulaski, and, on being released on parole, settled in New Orleans to practice. Among his opinions while a Supreme Court judge was a celebrated one on what is legally known as the great "State case "-the States of New York and Pennsylvania against Louisiana"--which established his view of the rights of the States under the Federal Constitution. Capen, Francis L., astronomer, born in Sterling, Mass., March 17, 1817; died in Boston, Mass., July 31, 1889. He was graduated at Harvard College, where he took a Boylston prize for elocution in 1839. He made a special study of astronomy and atmospheric changes, and obtained considerable reputation for the accuracy with which he predicted approaching storms. In 1870 he visited Europe to observe the eclipse of Dec. 20, passed the winter of 1870-'71 on the island of Malta, where he continued his storm and weather predictions, and studied the phenomena of earthquakes. He calculated the time for the eruption of Vesuvius in March, 1871, published his prediction in the "Naples and Florence Observer" the same month, and reached Naples in time to see the display in April. He made interesting astronomical discoveries. Carter, Robert, publisher, born in Earlston, Scotland, in November, 1807; died in New York city, Dec. 28, 1889. He received an academic education, taught for some time in his native city, and on removing to New York city became a tutor in Columbia College. In 1834 he opened a book store on the present South Fifth Avenue, and his business soon obliged him to seck larger quarters at the corner of Canal and Mercer Streets. In this store he began publishing, and brought out reprints of "Symington on the Atonement and Intercession of Jesus Christ" and D'Aubigné's "History of the Great Reformation." He was soon again forced into larger quarters, and in 1856 made his fourth removal and established himelf at Broadway and Spring Street. In 1848 he took his brothers Walter and Peter into partnership, and in 1874 his son Robert Carter, Jr., the firm name being Robert Carter & Brothers. The firm has entered largely into the publication of theological and religious works, representing every evangelical denomination. Mr. Carter survived all his early contemporaries, was the oldest living manager of the American Bible Society, and was a trustee of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church. Cassidy, Lewis Cochran, lawyer, born in New York city, Oct. 27, 1829; died in Philadelphia, Pa., Nov. 18, 1889. He removed to Philadelphia when a child, and was graduated at the Central High School in 1842. He was admitted to the bar in 1849, and applied himself wholly to criminal practice, and it is said that he never lost a case. Before he was twentyfive years old he was elected to the Legislature as a Democrat. In 1856 he was a candidate for districtattorney of Philadelphia County, but the office was awarded his opponent after a contest. In 1860 he was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention that met in Charleston, and was one of those who assembled in Baltimore after the party breach. He supported Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency, and through the civil war was a war Democrat, and an active abolitionist. Under his former law-student, Gov. Pattison, he became Attorney-General of Pennsylvania, and in 1880 was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention. The latter years of his life were occupied with corporation and civil practice. Cazauran, Augustus R., playwright, born in Bordeaux, France, Oct. 31, 1820; died in New York city, Jan. 27, 1889. He was graduated at Dublin University in 1848, and came to the United States. Being an expert stenographer, he found employment on the New York "Herald" as law reporter, dramatic critic, editorial writer, and Crimean War correspondent till 1858, when he became associated with Benn Pitman in the preparation of text-books on stenography in Newport, Ohio. Subsequently he returned to journalism, and was employed on the Cincinnati "Enquirer" and the Memphis "Argus," becoming editor of the latter just before the outbreak of the civil war. He was taken prisoner on the capture of Memphis by the na tional troops and sent to North Cairo; was arrested by the military authorities at St. Louis on a charge of having sent quinine through the Union lines to the Confederates; was again arrested at Norfolk on a charge of which he was acquitted; was employed some time by Gen. B. F. Butler at Fort Monroe, and then sent through the Confederate lines at Richmond, when he was arrested as a spy; and after being imprisoned several months in Castle Thunder, was exchanged. Reaching Washington in a destitute condition, he was employed on the "Chronicle" of that city, and reported the last public speech of President Lincoln, and witnessed and made the first report of his assassination. During the trial of the Lincoln conspirators he reported the proceedings for the "Associated Press." He returned to New York in 1869, and became a reader, writer, and adapter of plays for the Union Square Theatre in New York city. He had already produced plays founded on Miss Braddon's novAurora Floyd" and "John Marchmore's Legacy," and a version of "No Thoroughfare," all of which were successfully presented. While connected with the Union Square and, briefly, with the Madison Square Theatre he adapted many plays, of which the following were the most popular: "Miss Multon," from Belot; "The Danicheffs," from Dumas; "The Mother's Secret," from Sardou's "Seraphine"; "The Man of Success," from Feuillet's "Montjoy"; "The Celebrated Case"; "French Flats"; Daniel Rochet" "A Parisian Romance" ;"Felicia"; "The Creole ": "The Lost Children"; "Mother and Son"; "The Rantzous"; and "The Martyr." He also wrote the drama "One Wife" for Charlotte Thompson. els Chandler, Peleg Whitman, lawyer, born in New Gloucester, Me., April 13, 1816; died in Boston, Mass., May 28, 1889. He was graduated at Bowdoin College in 1834, studied law, and was admitted to the Sutfolk County, Mass., bar in 1837. While a student he introduced the novelty in journalism of reporting law proceedings, and for ten years was law reporter of the Boston "Advertiser." He also established "The Law Reporter," in the year of his admission to the bar, and conducted it for ten years. From student days till his death he maintained an active connection with journalism, and at one time purchased the "Advertiser," and was its largest stockholder for many years. He was a member of the Legislature from 1840 till 1846, and again in 1862-763, and of the Common Council from 1843 till 1846, serving the last two years as its presiding officer. In 1846 he was chosen city solicitor, and held that office till Nov. 21, 1853, when he resigned, but was retained as special counsel in the management of city affairs for several years. He revised the city charter in 1854, and in the same year was appointed a member of the Executive Council. About twenty years ago deafness compelled him to abandon jury cases in the courts, but he continued to do a large business as counsel. Chandler, Ralph, naval officer, born in New York, Aug. 23, 1829; died in Hong-Kong, China, Feb. 10, 1889. He was appointed a midshipman in the United States navy Sept. 27, 1845; was promoted passed midshipman, Oct. 6, 1851; master, Sept. 15, 1855; lieutenant, the following day; lieutenant-commander, July 16, 1862; comniander, July 25, 1866; captain, June 5, 1874; commodore, March 1, 1884; rearadmiral, Oct. 7, 1886; and was appointed to the command of the Asiatic squadron, Nov. 22, 1886. During his service in the navy he was on sea duty twentyseven years and five months, on shore or other duty fourteen years and five months, and was unemployed three years and seven months. He participated in the blockade and capture of Mazatlan and in two skirmishes in its vicinity, in the Mexican War; surveyed the Panama river and its affluents while on coast-survey duty; was a lieutenant on the United States steamship "Vandalia" in the engagement off Port Royal on Nov. 7, 1861; was on the "San Jacinto" in the attack on the Sewell's Point batteries, and the capture of Norfolk in 1862; and as lieutenantcommander was in command of the "Huntsville," "Lenapee," "Maumee," in which he took part in the bombardment and capture of Fort Fisher and the works for the defense of Wilmington, and the monitorSangamon," with which he cleared the James river of torpedoes almost up to Richmond. After the civil war, he discovered and surveyed the Cultivator shoal off Cape Cod; was executive officer at the Brooklyn Navy Yard from 1870 till 1874; commanded the Swatara " on the expedition to observe the transit of Venus, and landed scientific parties on Desolation and Chatham islands, at New Zealand, and Tasmania; hastened to the Auckland Islands to rescue a party of Germans reported to be in distress there, for which he was thanked by the German Government; and was commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard from 1884 till his assignment to command the Asiatic squadron. Chapman, John Gadsby, artist, born in Alexandria, Va., in 1808; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 28, 1889. He studied painting in Rome with Gibson, Crawford, and Terry, and on his return to the United States had studios in New York and Washington. While in New York he gave instruction in wood engraving for many years, was a founder of the Century Club, and was elected a member of the National Academy. In 1848 he removed to Rome, Italy, where, excepting brief residences in Paris, he lived till within a few years. Before permanently returning to New York, he made an artistic tour of Mexico. His paintings include "The Baptism of Pocahontas," in the rotunda of the National Capitol; "Sunset on the Campagna"; "Etruscan Girl"; Vintage Scene" ; and "Stone Pines in the Barberini Valley ; and his etchings, "The Return from the Vintage"; "A Monk asking for Alms"; "Italian Goatherds"; "The Gleaner"; "A View on the Campagna"; and "The Departure of Sancho." Chase, Benjamin, historian, born in Auburn, N. H., July 7, 1799; died there, May 3, 1889. He was apprenticed to the millwright's trade and followed it for several years. He was one of the most active of the early abolitionists in New Hampshire, and in 1835 helped to organize and became treasurer of the Chester Antislavery Society. Subsequently, with a few other abolitionists, he guaranteed the expense of the publication of "The Herald of Freedom "at Concord. In 1869 he published a large illustrated history, of more than 700 pages, of the old town of Chester, on the compilation of which he had been engaged for many years, and which is regarded as an exceedingly valuable contribution to the history of his State. He took an active interest in the work of public education, and did much to promote it. Chittenden, Simeon Baldwin, merchant, born in Guilford, Conn., March 29, 1814; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 14, 1889. Before he became of age he joined a brother in opening a store in New Haven, and he remained there till 1842, when he removed to New York city and established himself in the wholesale drygoods business, with residence in Brooklyn. He applied himself closely to his business till 1874, and then, on being elected to Congress from the Third New York District as a Republican, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Gen. Stewart L. Woodford, retired from active management. During the civil war he gave unstintingly of his time, labor, and money to uphold the Government; was a founder of the Union Defense Committee of New York and the War Fund Committee of Brooklyn, and was one of the Northern merchants who were black-listed in a Richmond newspaper because of their Union sentiments. He was a founder, and for eight years managing director, of the Brooklyn" Union," which was established in 1863 to promote the national cause. While actively engaged in business he was a founder of the Continental Life Insurance Company and the Continental Bank, a trustee of the United States Trust Company, director of the Union Ferry Company, President of the New Haven and New London Railroad Company, and director of other railroad companies and corporations. He also was a founder of the Church of the Pilgrims, the Brooklyn Library, and the Long Island Historical Society, and contributed liberally to the support of each. To Yale University he gave $250,000, including $100,000 for a new fire-proof library building in 1887, and proportionate sums to the Brooklyn Art Association, Young Women's Christian Association, Children's Aid Society, the Eye and Ear Infirmary, and to Yale University for the endowment of a professorship conditioned that it should not be named after him during his lifetime. His congressional career extended to 1881. During almost the whole of his service he was a member of the Committee on Coinage. He strongly opposed increased coinage, defended the national banking system, opposed the amendment to the resumption act of 1875 requiring the Government to reissue the redeemed legal tenders, and, believing that such reissue would virtually be a new issue, made up a test case for the United States Supreme Court and was there defeated, but on grounds deemed unsound by many constitutional lawyers. He was also instrumental in the erection of the statue of Washington on the steps of the Sub-Treasury building in Wall Street. Clayton, John Middleton, lawyer, born in Delaware County, Pa., Oct. 13, 1840; died in Plummerville, Ark., Jan. 29, 1889. He was educated in the common schools and in Barton's Seminary at Village Green, Pa., was admitted to the bar, and settled in Jefferson County, Ark. In 1870-'72 he was a member of the State Assembly, in 1872-74 of the Senate, and in 1876-'86, sheriff of the county, being elected to the latter office five times in succession, the last time having no opposition and polling the entire vote of both parties." In 1888 he was the Republican candidate for Congress from the Second Arkansas District, and, though he did not receive the Governor's certificate of election, both he and his friends claimed that he had been elected. He instituted a contest for the office, and went to Plummerville to take testi mony in support of his claim. This occupied him several days, and in the evening of Jan. 29, while sitting at a table to write a letter in his room at a boarding-house, he was shot dead through a window by some person concealed outside of the house. He was a brother of Gen. Powell Clayton, formerly United States Senator from Arkansas. The assassin has not been arrested. Colcock, William F., lawyer, born in South Carolina; died in Charleston, S. C., June 13, 1889. He was graduated in South Carolina College in 1823, was admitted to the bar, represented Prince William's Parish in the Legislature for several terms, and was for some time Speaker. He was a Representative in Congress from 1849 till 1853. Previous to and during the civil war he was collector of the port of Charleston. He was a member of the National Democratic Convention held in Charleston in 1860, and was one of the most earnest advocates of secession. Collin, John F., author, born in Hillsdale, Columbia County, N. Y.. April 30, 1802; died there, Sept. 16, 1889. He received a common school education, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1834 he was elected member of the Assembly, and in 1845 was elected to Congress from the Twenty-ninth New York District. During 1879 -'84 he published four volumes of political history, which are on the shelves of near ly every State library in the country and the libraries of many historical societies. Collins, Charles Sidney, journalist, born in Utica, N. Y., April 23, 1827; died in Troy, N. Y., June 19, 1889. His father was a manufacturer of carpenters' tools, and the son learned the trade. But at the age of sixteen, impelled by a love of adventure, he shipped before the mast, on a whaler, for a four-years' voyage around the globe. While the vessel was off the coast of California, during the Mexican War, the crew participated in a military movement led by Commodore Stockton. After his return home, young Collins went into business with his father, first in Buffalo, N. Y., and afterward in Ravenna, Ohio. Still later he worked as a tool-maker in Rochester. He was thus employed |