The Failure of the Founding Fathers: Jefferson, Marshall, and the Rise of Presidential DemocracyHarvard University Press, 28 Okt 2005 - 400 halaman The ink was barely dry on the Constitution when it was almost destroyed by the rise of political parties in the United States. As Bruce Ackerman shows, the Framers had not anticipated the two-party system, and when Republicans battled Federalists for the presidency in 1800, the rules laid down by the Constitution exacerbated the crisis. With Republican militias preparing to march on Washington, the House of Representatives deadlocked between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Based on seven years of archival research, the book describes previously unknown aspects of the electoral college crisis. Ackerman shows how Thomas Jefferson counted his Federalist rivals out of the House runoff, and how the Federalists threatened to place John Marshall in the presidential chair. Nevertheless, the Constitution managed to survive through acts of statesmanship and luck. |
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... Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year , and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December , unless they shall by law appoint a different Day . " 2 If the First Congress had started in December as pro- vided , the ...
... Congress's resolution , setting the start - up date for March 4 , was — for no obvious rea- son - taken as determinative . Congress not only treated it as the official beginning of its own term ; it also supposed that Washington's term ...
... Congress . Nobody paused to consider this possibility . At its second session , the First Congress simply voted a resolution convening a third session in De- cember 1790 , even though its members would be lame ducks by that point . This ...
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PART ONE The Peoples President | 3 |
Constitutional Brinksmanship | 111 |
Republican Triumph | 142 |
Hak Cipta | |
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