Expenses.--The appropriations for this survey for the two years 1889-90, were $20,000; for 1891-92, $40,000. Out of this sum were paid all salaries and expenses, including cost of publication. The following table shows the total appropriations and expenditures from 1853 down to 1903-1904: Table showing appropriations for the various geological surveys, with corresponding expenditures; also the size of the editions of the reports issued and cost of the same. 1 This includes a special appropriation of $10,000 for core drilling, of which sum $9,181.00 was expended. Volume 3, Report on Mineral Waters of Missouri, 1892. (?) Volumes 4 and 5. Report on the Taleontology of Missouri, 1894, two volumes.. (?) (?) Volume 9, Report on Areal Geology, 1896.. Volumes 6 and 7, Report on 1 ead and Zine Ores of Missouri, 1891, two volumes. Volume 10, Surface Features of Missouri, 1836.. 670.71 Volume 11, Clay Deposits, 1896... 1,653 1.510, 45 Volume 12, Areal Geology, 1898. Preliminary Report on Structural and Economic Geology of Missouri, 1900. Museum. In accordance with the various enactments collections were made by each and all the surveys. Those made by organizations prior to that of 1889 are referred to on page 278. By section 6 of the law of 1889 it became the duty of the survey to collect full suites of all minerals, ores, fossils, or other mineral substances that might be necessary to form a complete cabinet to illustrate the mineral resources of the State. The cabinet thus formed was at first installed in the State capitol building, but later moved to the armory building. NEBRASKA. Prior to 1901 no geological surveys of Nebraska had been undertaken under direct appropriations from the legislature, although an attempt was made in 1877 to get a bill through the State legislature to complete the work as left by the United States geologist, F. V. Hayden. It is impossible at this date to learn all the details, but corre spondence in the hands of the writer would indicate that jealousy on the part of the Wheeler organization and local personal prejudices had much to do with it. Samuel Aughey, of the State University, would appear to have been actively interested and at one time aspired to the directorship. The bill, however, failed of passage. The regents of the State University, in recognition of the importance of a survey, provided in 1899 the sum of $500 to be expended in the work and $250 for each of the years 1900, 1901, and 1902. In 1901, however, the matter was taken up by the legislature, and Prof. E. H. Barbour, of the State University, appointed State geologist. The work of the survey thus organized passes beyond the time limit of this paper. NEVADA. Organization. No systematic and independent geological survey of the State was ever carried through, although an abortive attempt was made in 1865, the year following the admission of the State to the Union. The following is the text of the act under which the attempt was to be made: The people of the State of Nevada, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows: SECTION 1. The office of State geologist is hereby created and the board of regents is hereby authorized to appoint a competent person who shall act and be known a (as) "State geologist of Nevada." SEC. 2. The person appointed as State geologist under the provisions of this act shall, immediately upon his appointment, proceed to make a preliminary and superficial geological survey of the mineral regions of this State, and to collect suitable specimens, and arrange and classify them in a cabinet, to be formed and kept at the capitol of the State, and to prepare a map, marked, and colored in such manner as to indicate the general geological divisions as developed of the country examined. The making of this preliminary or superficial survey shall not occupy more than eight months. At the conclusion of the making of this survey and the report thereon the geologist's cabinet, report, profiles, and map shall be turned over to the State librarian. SEC. 3. The sum of $6,000 is hereby appropriated, out of any moneys not otherwise appropriated, to be expended toward defraying the expenses which may be incurred under the provisions of this act. The controller of State is hereby authorized and required to draw his warrant on the treasurer in favor of the person whom the board of regents may appoint State geologist, in such sums as the board of regents may truly certify their approval of, the aggregate of the sums drawn for being within the amount hereinbefore specified and appropriated. Approved March 20, 1865. So far as can be learned this law was never carried into effect. The year following the matter of a survey came once more before the legislature in a somewhat different form and in connection with the establishment of a State mining school. The following is the text of the act passed at this time, together with its subsequent modifications: The people of the State of Nevada, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows: SECTION 1. There shall be established a mining school, which shall be a nucleus of the State University and a part thereof, as provided in the constitution of this State, and shall be under the control of the board of regents of the same, consisting of the governor, secretary of state, and superintendent of public instruction, and their successors. SEC. 2. The board of regents shall, within 20 days after the passage of this act, appoint a State mineralogist, who shall be superintendent of said school, and he shall appoint such assistants as may be allowed by the board of regents. He shall hold his office during the term of office of the board by whom he is appointed, and his assistants shall hold their respective offices during the pleas ure of the State mineralogist. SEC. 3. The board of regents shall fix the compensation of the State mineralogist and his assistants, and, subject to the provisions of this act, shall prescribe his duties; but they shall not change his compensation during the term for which he is appointed, unless the office becomes vacant, when said board shall appoint his successor for the unexpired term. The compensation of the State mineralogist shall not exceed $4.000 per annum, and that of his assistants shall not exceed $3.000 per annum each. SEC. 4. Before entering upon the discharge of their respective offices the State mineralogist and his assistant shall take and subscribe to the constitutional oath of office, and they shall hold their respective offices until their successors are elected or appointed and qualified. SEC. 5. The board of regents shall provide suitable buildings for said school and for a geological and mineralogical collection, or State museum, in connec tion therewith, and such furniture, fixtures, and apparatus as may be necessary. They shall, subject to the provisions of this act, make such rules and regulations for the government of said school as may be required, and shall, annually, on or before the 1st day of November of each year, make a report to the governor of the State, who shall cause the same to be published annually, and shall communicate a copy thereof to the legislature at the next ensuing session, Said report shall embrace the report or reports of the State mineralogists, or so much thereof as said board may deem necessary to publish. Said report shall contain a full statement of the condition of said school, financially and otherwise, and such recommendations and other matter as the board may deem proper, and they shall cause the same to be distributed. SEC. 6. The State mineralogist, subject to the provisions of the act and the rules and regulations adopted by the board, shall have the control and manage ment of said school. He shall at such times and in such manner as he shall determine, visit and examine, with reference to their mineral and other re sources, the different portions of the State, and collect such geological, mineralogical, and other specimens, and such information as are of scientific interest or have a practical bearing on the subject of mines or mining or the other natural resources and industrial pursuits of the State. SEC. 7. All specimens collected by him shall be carefully marked and catalogued at the time he obtains them, and he shall, in connection therewith, as soon as may be, prepare a description of every such specimen and of the locality from which the same was obtained. SEC. 8. Specimens of all ores, assayed or analyzed at said school, and of all ores presented, shall be kept in said museum, and shall be properly marked and catalogued, in connection with the names of the depositors, and a description of such ores, and such description of the locality from which the same were obtained, as may be procured from reliable sources. With a view of securing uniformity in the classification of rocks, the State mineralogist shall procure and place in said museum characteristic specimens of all the principal rocks, to each of which he shall attach the name and a description thereof, and of the locality from which the same was procured, written, or printed in a legible manner. SEC. 9. Said specimens, properly catalogued, shall be deposited in the State museum, where they, together with the catalogues, shall be safely kept; and at all reasonable hours they shall be subject to examination by any person who shall conform to the rules and regulations prescribed by the State mineralogist for the government of said school, the museum being regarded as a part of the same. SEC. 10. In preparing such descriptions and arranging said specimens in the museum careful reference shall be had to the correct illustration of the mineral and other natural resources of this State, and the analogies existing between those of this State and those of other mining sections; and when, at a reasonable cost, it is possible to do so, a statement as to the assay or analyses of said specimens shall be embraced in said description. In addition to the scientific terms used in such descriptions, the terms in common use shall be applied, and in all descriptions and reports the quantities and values, shall be given in the English language and in accordance with the standards adopted by this State. SEC. 11. He shall, subject to the approval of the board of regents, prescribe the course of studies to be pursued in said school; said course and manage ment of the school shall have special reference to the imparting of the combined scientific and practical knowledge concerning the subject of mines and mining and matters relating thereto. SEC. 12. He shall annually deliver at least one course of lectures on said subject, at said school, or at such places within the State as the board of regents may direct; and he shall, on or before the 1st day of October of each year, make a report to the board of regents, in which he shall present such facts and recommendations, in regard to mines and mining, and matters relating thereto, and in regard to the character and extent of the natural resources of this State, as in his opinion are calculated to promote the full development of the same. SEC. 13. In the course of his examinations he may, in his discretion, disseminate information on such subjects, by means of free lectures or otherwise. SEC. 14. He shall take such compass bearings and barometrical and other observations, and make such notes in regard to the same, and in regard to approximate distances, as will furnish materials for the outlines of a map of the localities over which he shall have traveled in the course of his examinations. He may procure, for the use of said school, maps and diagrams of mines, representing the different classes of mines, and illustrative of their geological, mineralogical, and other leading characteristics, and having particular reference to the position in which the metalliferous deposits have been found; and he shall procure, or cause to be procured, drawings of mining machinery, and of machinery, furnaces, and other works, for the separation of metals from the various ores, and the parting of different metals. He may also procure and arrange in some convenient form, for the use of said school, all information concerning the different modes of working mines and reducing ores, that may be obtained at reasonable cost. SEC. 15. At the earliest practicable period measures shall be taken to procure, for the use of said school, a library, embracing standard and reliable works on mines and mining, and subjects relating thereto; and all of said maps, diagrams, plans, and information, and said library, shall, at all reasonable hours, and without charge, be subject to the examination of any person who conforms to the rules and regulations concerning the same that may be established by the State mineralogist in accordance with this act. SEC. 16. Connected with said school there shall be an assaying and analytical department, in which the assaying and analyzing of ores shall be taught; and all ores delivered therein for assay or analysis, shall be assayed or analyzed at a cost to the parties delivering the same, which shall only cover the actual expenses of such work, the charges for the same to be determined by the State mineralogist. At said school a careful and uninterrupted record of meteorological observations shall be kept and forwarded, as nearly as may be, in accordance with the "directions" of the Smithsonian Institution. SEC. 17. Said school shall be established at such place as the board of regents shall decide upon; provided, that at the place so selected the people, or authorities thereof, shall, free of cost to the State, place at the disposal of said board, for the use of said school, such buildings and grounds as may be required for said school; and said authorities are hereby authorized to procure and so furnish such buildings and grounds. SEC. 18. If the people or authorities of such place, in consideration of the permanent establishment of said school therein, shall convey to said board, for the use of such school, suitable buildings and grounds, and the same shall have been duly accepted as such by said board, said school shall be permanently established at such place; and it shall not be removed therefrom until after said board shall have paid or tendered to the authorities of such place at which said school is located the value of said buildings and grounds, the sum to be determined by a majority of three commissioners, one of whom shall, within a reasonable time, be appointed by said authorities-one by said board, and one by the two thus chosen. SEC. 19. The State mineralogist shall be allowed, for actual expenses incurred by him while traveling in the service of the State, a sum not exceeding $10 per day while so engaged, and not exceeding in the aggregate $1,000 per annum; such demands, together with the demands for salaries and other expenses of said school, shall, by said board, monthly, be audited, and ordered paid out of the mining school fund or any money in the university fund, subject to such order of the board of regents; and all demands (except salaries fixed by law) shall be subject to the action of the State board of examiners; and, upon the presentation of any such order, duly approved by said examiners, the controller shall draw his warrant on the State treasurer in favor of the party to whom such order was thus given for the amount so allowed, and the State treasurer shall pay the same out of any moneys in said funds subject to such order. Approved March 9, 1866. An act to create the office of State mineralogist and define the duties of such officer. The people of the State of Nevada, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows: SECTION 1. The office of State mineralogist is hereby created. |