Gambar halaman
PDF
ePub

The State Legislature was divided as follows: Apaches are held as prisoners for trial. Some

[blocks in formation]

ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES. The military divisions and their departments, with the names of the commanding generals, are as follows:

Military Division of the Missouri, Lieutenant-General Sheridan.

A. Department of Dakota, Brigadier-General Terry.

B. Department of the Platte, Brigadier-General Crook.

C. Department of the Missouri, BrigadierGeneral Pope.

D. Department of Texas, Brigadier-General Augur.

Military Division of the Atlantic, Major-General Hancock.

A. Department of the East, Major-General Hancock.

B. Department of the South, Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Hunt.

Military Division of the Pacific and Department of California, Major-General McDowell. A. Department of the Columbia: 1. Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Wheaton; and, 2. Brigadier-General Miles.

B. Department of Arizona, Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Willcox.

The Department of West Point is under General O. O. Howard, and the artillery-school at Fort Monroe, Virginia, is under command of Brevet Major-General Getty.

The total enlisted force of the army in October, 1881, was 23,596 men. There were 120 companies of cavalry, 60 of artillery, and 250 of infantry.

For a short time, viz., from January 31, 1881, to May 9, 1881, a Military Division "of the Gulf" was constituted by President Hayes, embracing Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and the Indian Territory, with Major-General Schofield in command; but, as this division was found to fulfill no useful military end, it was discontinued by President Garfield, leaving boundaries as they existed before.

While the troops have been kept very busy during the past year, no serious Indian or other war has occurred, but great progress has been made in collecting and locating Indians, hitherto hostile, on their proper reservations. Sitting Bull and his adherents, who had fled into British territory, are now held at Fort Randall, Dakota, as prisoners of war, and the Utes have been moved to a new reservation in Utah. A sudden outbreak of a part of the Apaches occurred in Arizona. In this case it was found necessary to re-enforce for a short time the usual garrisons in Arizona by a strong detachment from New Mexico under Colonel Mackenzie of the Fourth Cavalry. Some of the guilty

have escaped into Mexico, while the greater part of the tribe remains on their reservation at San Carlos, under their proper civil agent.

The actual expenditures under the War Department for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1881, were $42,122,201.39.

The appropriations for 1882 were $44,889,725.42.

The estimates for 1883 are $44,541,276.91. The estimates presented to the Secretary for revision included—

For armament of fortifications...

Fortifications and other works of defense..
Improving rivers and harbors...
Improving Mississippi River, by commission..
Public buildings and grounds in and near Wash-
Surveys of lakes..

ington

Total......

$720,000

4,186,500

29,101,300

4,323,000

749,000

20,000

$39,099,800

This amount was reduced, on his revision, to aggregate $10,689,000.

The remainder of the estimates includes salaries and expenses of the departmental civil establishment and amounts for the support of the army, for armories and arsenals, and for miscellaneous objects. For these purposes the estimates for 1883 were $33,852,276.91, being $296,321.37 in excess of the estimates for 1882, and $2,082,851.49 more than the appropriations for the current fiscal year. While the estimates of expenses for this class show an increase, there is in the estimates of expenses for improvements, including rivers and harbors, a decrease which overbalances the difference, and makes the estimates for 1883 $348,448.51 less than the appropriations for 1882.

The report of the General of the Army calls attention to the public necessity of legislation authorizing the army to be recruited to a strength of thirty thousand enlisted men. There are in the army four hundred and thirty companies, which are necessarily widely scattered over the vast domain, to guard property and to prevent, as far as foresight can, complications and troubles of every variety and kind; at one time protecting the settlers against Indians, and again Indians against the settlers. When these occur, re-enforcements have to be hurried forward from great distances, and always at heavy cost for transportation of men, horses, wagons, and supplies. This cost in the aggregate is estimated more than sufficient to supply an increase of twenty per cent of private soldiers.

The number of deaths of soldiers was 130 from disease and 67 from wounds and injuries, being 9 per 1,000 of mean strength, the fatal results in cases treated being as 1 to 190.

The number of new official demands upon the record and pension division during the fiscal year, for information as to the cause of death in the case of deceased soldiers and the hospital record of invalids, was 55,040. The average number of such demands, during the previous ten years, had been 22,245 annually, and the number during the fiscal year termi

nating June 30, 1880, was 39,241; the number received during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1881, being an increase of 40 per cent over the previous fiscal year, and of 147 per cent over the annual average of the previous ten years. At the commencement of the fiscal year 6,964 cases remained unanswered, making 62,004 cases to be disposed of during the year. Search was made and replies furnished to the proper authorities in 40,596 of these cases, leaving 21,408 unanswered cases on hand on the 1st of July, 1881.

ARNIM, Count HARRY VON, ex-embassador of Prussia at Paris, died at Nice, May 19th. He was born of an influential family of the Prussian aristocracy in Pomerania, in 1824. His uncle, who had adopted him, was Minister for Foreign Affairs. He embarked in a diplomatic career at an early age. In 1864 he first won celebrity as envoy to Rome, gaining special credit by his attitude toward the Ecumenical Council. He was summoned to Versailles in 1871 to aid in settling terms of peace with the French, and took a leading part in the negotiations which resulted in the Treaty of Frankfort. In June, 1872, he was appointed embassador to Paris. Differences of opinion, which had long existed between him and the German Chancellor, led to his recall and assignment to Constantinople in April, 1874. The publication of his Roman dispatches caused his dismissal from the service. The polemical discussion to which he challenged Prince Bismarck was answered by his prosecution and sentence to imprisonment on the charge of having filched state documents from the archives of the German embassy at Paris. He had previously removed himselt beyond the jurisdiction of the German courts. A pamphlet published anonymously, in which he sought to trace evidences of the personal spite of the Chancellor in his former prosecution, led to a new indictment, and his sentence to five years of penal servitude for leze-majesty and insults to the Chancellor and the Foreign Office. In pamphlets published in 1878 he criticised in a calm and dignified tone the aggressive policy of the German Government against the Catholic Church, arguing that Prussia should have aimed to establish a national Catholic Church in Germany. In later years he desired to return to Germany and stand his trial for high-treason, the sentence for which crime hung suspended over him; but the authorities refused to appoint a new trial.

ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN, elected VicePresident in 1880; became President of the United States on the death of James A. Garfield, September 19, 1881. He was born in Fairfield, Franklin County, Vermont, October 5, 1830, the eldest of two sons of the Rev. Dr. William Arthur. He had four sisters older and two younger than himself. His father, a Baptist clergyman, at the age of eighteen, emigrated from Ballymena, County Antrim, Ireland. He was a graduate of Belfast University.

Devoting himself to literature, he published for several years "The Antiquarian," and was the author of a work on "Family Names" which displayed great erudition of a peculiar kind. He was pastor of the Calvary Baptist Church in Albany, New York, from 1855 to 1865; and died in Newtonville, near that city, October 27, 1875. The second son, William Arthur, distinguished himself in the Union army during the late war, and is now a paymaster in the regular army, with the rank of major. A thorough course in the best schools of Union Village and Schenectady, with a careful training in the classics by his father, enabled the President to enter Union College at the early age of fifteen. He graduated high in his class in 1848. He commenced the study of law at Fowler's law school in Ballston Spa. During his college course he supported himself in part by teaching, and after his graduation he continued in that occupation several years, meanwhile devoting himself to the study of law. In 1853 he went to New York and entered the law-office of ex-Judge E. D. Culver, was admitted to the bar the same year, and began the practice of law. In 1859 he was married to Ellen Lewis Herndon, of Fredericksburg, Virginia, a daughter of Captain William Lewis Herndon, who heroically remained at his post and went down with his ship, the Central America, in 1857. His widow was the recipient of a gold medal, voted by Congress, in recognition of his bravery. Mrs. Arthur died in January, 1880, leaving two children, Chester Alan, aged fifteen, and Ellen Herndon, aged eight years. Mr. Arthur distinguished himself early in his profession as the champion of the legal rights of the colored race. His first notable case was the Lemmon slave case, in which he was the attorney for the people, William M. Evarts being the leading counsel. They maintained that eight slaves, with whom Jonathan Lemmon, of Virginia, attempted to pass through New York on his way to Texas, were rendered free by the act of the master in voluntarily bringing them into free territory. Judge Paine, before whom the case was tried on a writ of habeas corpus, ordered the slaves released, affirming that they could not be held in servitude in New York, nor returned to bondage under the provisions of the fugitive-slave law. This decision was sustained by the Supreme Court of New York, and by the Court of Appeals, where Charles O'Conor was employed by the Attorney-General of Virginia to argue the case. In 1856 Mr. Arthur was counsel for Lizzie Jennings, a colored girl, who had been forcibly ejected from a street-car in New York city, after paying her fare. A verdict against the company was obtained, and the equal rights of colored people in public vehicles established.

Mr. Arthur early took an active interest in politics as a Henry Clay Whig, and was a delegate to the convention, at Saratoga, which founded the Republican party of New York.

[graphic][graphic][merged small]
[merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small]
[graphic][ocr errors][merged small][merged small]
« SebelumnyaLanjutkan »