CITIZENSHIP FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. A person born within the United States, of Chinese parents residing therein, and not engaged in any diplomatic or official capacity under the emperor of China, is a citizen of the United States. - In re Look Tin Sing, 10 Sawyer, 353. TAX LICENSE. The power "to license," as a means of regulating a business, implies the power to charge a fee therefor sufficient to defray the expense of issuing the license, and to compensate the city for any expense incurred in maintaining such regulation. Whenever it is manifest that the fee for the license is substantially in excess of what it should be, it will be considered a tax, and the ordinance imposing it held void. In re Wan Yin, 10 Sawyer, 532. FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT PROSECUTION BY INFORMATION. Where a state constitution provides for the prosecution of felonies by information, such proceeding by a state is not a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. State v. Boswell, Ind. Jan. 1886, 7 Cr. L. Mag. 743. INDEX. [THE REFERENCES ARE TO THE PAGES.] ABSOLUTE GOVERNMENT, what is, 6. ADMIRALTY, extent of as to place, 364. nature and extent of, 634. is exclusive in United States courts, 634. ADOPTION OF CONSTITUTION, AGE, history of, 33-58. qualifications of, 141, 142. AGENTS, GOVERNMENTAL, have no powers but those held by their principals, 65. AMBASSADORS, cases affecting, 632, 633. AMENDMENT, power of, 72, 76. no limit upon, 72, 73. mode of exercising power of, 74, 75. proposed XIVth, 156. Xth Amendment, 67. XIIIth, abolishing slavery, 76. effect of, on representation, 127, 128. proposed remedies, 139, 140, 141. the XIVth Amendment, 174. judicial interpretation of XIVth Amendment, 170, 174-179, 660, XVth, discussion of and cases under, 202-214. IVth and Vth Amendments, 666-668. Vth Amendment, 670. XIth Amendment, 671. AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION, cannot be vetoed by President, 117. limiting the general government, 148. the first eight do not apply to the states, 150-153. AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION (continued). apply to the three departments alike, 156. require no legislation to make them binding, 156. AMNESTIES, general. (See PARDONS.) APPOINTMENT, to office, power of, 542–557. objections answered, 545, 546. nature and extent of, 546. functions of Senate in, 546. force of the word "advise," 546, whether includes power to remove, 547-552. to fill vacancies, 552-554. abuse of power of, 555–557. (See TENURE OF OFFICE BILL.) APPRAISEMENT LAWS, nature of, 511. (See OBLIGATION OF CONTRACTS; STAY LAWS.) APPROPRIATION, money to be drawn upon, 440. ABISTOCRACIES, what included in, 6. ARMS, right to bear, 148, 662. reasons for protecting, 157. abuse of prohibited, 157. ARREST, members of Congress exempt from, 145. (See MARTIAL LAW; MILITARY ARRESTS.) ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, 42–52. when adopted, 42. general character of, 43, 44. abstract of, 45-47. not a law but a league, 47. leading ideas of, 47-51. no idea of a nation or of citizenship, 47, 48. formative elements of were states, 48. powers of, were directed against states, 49. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION (continued). limited powers conferred by, 50, 51. steps to change, 53, 54. ATTAINDER. AUSTIN, BAIL, (See BILLS OF ATTAINDER.) his division of law, 1. definition of public law, 2. description of sovereignty, 6, 8. error in defining nation and sovereignty, 29. not to be excessive, 149. BANKRUPT LAWS, power to enact, 341, 351. is power in Congress or the states, 341, 342. when power of states is suspended, 342. meaning of, 343. in England, 344. what laws Congress may enact, 345, 346. cases under, 346, 347. general policy and advantages of, 348-351. BANKS, NATIONAL, established under power to borrow money 217. BILL OF RIGHTS, none at first contained in the Constitution, 147. contained in state constitutions, 149. in the first eight amendments, 148. upon whom restrictive, 150, 151. not the states, but the general government, 151–156. unfortunate effects of this rule, 154. illustrations thereof, 154, 155. proposed remedy, 156. need the aid of no legislation, 156. general examination and discussion of, 157-215 intent and force of, 214. how far affected by military necessity, 214. applies to the government of territories, 401, 402. BILLS OF ATTAINDER, prohibited, 409, 418. both to Congress and the states, 409. |