CONNECTICUT Bridgeport.... Hartford.... New Britain.. New Haven... Stamford... Waterbury.. DELAWARE Wilmington.. .Bridgeport and Shelton cities, and Easton, Fairfield, Monroe, Stratford, and Trumbull towns in Fairfield County; Milford town in New Haven County .Hartford city, and Avon, Bloomfield, Canton, East Granby, East Hartford, East Windsor, Enfield, Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Manchester, Newington, Rocky Hill, Simsbury, South Windsor, Suffield, West Hartford, Wethersfield, Windsor, and Windsor Locks towns in Hartford County; Bolton, Ellington, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, and Vernon towns in Tolland County ..New Britain city, and Berlin and Plainville towns in Hartford County .New Haven city, and Bethany, Branford, East Haven, Guilford, Hamden, Madison, North Branford, North Haven, Orange, West Haven, and Woodbridge towns in New Haven County ..Stamford city, and Darien, Greenwich, and New Canaan towns in Fairfield County Waterbury city, Naugatuck borough, and Beacon Falls, Cheshire, Middlebury, Prospect, Southbury, and Wolcott towns in New Haven County; Bethlehem, Thomaston, Watertown, and Woodbury towns in Litchfield County .New Castle County, Del.; Cecil County, Md.; Salem County, N. J. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington SMSA...... District of Columbia; Alexandria, Fairfax, and Falls Church cities, and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Va.; Montgomery and Prince Georges Counties, Md. (employment prior to 1966, hours and earnings prior to 1967 do not include Loudoun and Prince William Counties, Va.) ND FLORIDA be IUSETTS Aton. River. Baltimore city, and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, and Howard Counties .Suffolk County; Cambridge, Everett, and Stoughton towns in Norfolk County; Fall River city, and Somerset, Swansea, ence-Haverhill....Lawrence and Haverhill cities, and 11. Bedford.. Angfield-Chicopee Carlyoke.. rcester. HIGAN in Arbor.. ittle Creek. sy City.. atroit.. Andover, Georgetown, Groveland, .Lowell city, and Billerica, Chelmsford, .New Bedford city, and Acushnet, Dart- Chicopee, Holyoke, Springfield, and Westfield cities, and Agawam, East Longmeadow, Hampden, Longmeadow, Ludlow, Monson, Palmer, Southwick, West Springfield, and Wilbraham towns in Hampden County: Northampton city, and Easthampton, Granby, Hadley, and South Hadley towns in Hampshire County; Warren town in Worcester County Worcester city, and Auburn, Berlin, Boylston, Brookfield, East Brookfield, Grafton, Holden, Leicester, Millbury, Northborough, Northbridge, North Brookfield, Oxford, Paxton, Shrewsbury, Spencer, Sterling, Sutton, Upton, Westborough, and West Boylston towns in Worcester County Muskegon Heights.. aginaw.. .Saginaw County .Muskegon County Minneapolis-St. Paul...Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, and Washington Counties Cleveland... Columbus. Dayton.. Toledo.... ..Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, and Medina .Delaware. Franklin, and Pickaway .Greene, Miami, Montgomery, and Preble Counties .Lucas and Wood Counties, Ohio; Monroe Youngstown- Warren....Mahoning and Trumbull Counties OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City... Tulsa.. OREGON Eugene. Portland.. Salem.. PENNSYLVANIA Allentown- Bethlehem Easton. Altoona... Erie..... Harrisburg. Johnstown.. Lancaster. Philadelphia. Pittsburgh... Reading.... Wilkes-Barre- Hazleton.. York. RHODE ISLAND Providence-Pawtucket Warwick. SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston... SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls.. TENNESSEE Chattanooga.. Knoxville.. Memphis... Nashville. ..Luzerne County ..Adams and York Counties .Central Falls, Cranston, East Providence, Pawtucket, Providence, and Woonsocket cities, and Burrillville, Cumberland, Foster, Glocester, Johnston, Lincoln, North Providence, North Smithfield, Scituate, and Smithfield towns in Providence County; Exeter, Narragansett, North Kingstown, and South Kingstown towns in Washington County; Warwick city, and Coventry, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, and West Warwick towns in Kent County; Jamestown and New Shoreham towns in Newport County; Bristol County, R. I.; Attleboro city, and North Attleboro, Rehoboth, and Seekonk towns in Bristol County: Bellingham, Franklin, Plainville, and Wrentham towns in Norfolk County: Blackstone and Millville towns in Worcester County, Mass. Berkeley and Charleston Counties .Lexington and Richland Counties .Greenville and Pickens Counties .Minnehaha County .Hamilton County, Tenn.; Walker County, Ga. Anderson, Blount, and Knox Counties; portion of Oak Ridge in Roane County .Shelby County, Tenn. and Crittenden County, Ark. .Davidson, Sumner, and Wilson Counties 128 Additional information concerning the preparation of the labor force, employment, hours and earnings, and labor turnover series--concepts and scope, survey methods, and limitations--is contained in technical notes for each of these series, available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics free of charge. TRODUCTION The statistics in this periodical are compiled from ree major sources: (1) household interviews, (2) payll reports from employers, and (3) administrative atistics of unemployment insurance systems. Data based on household interviews are obtained from sample survey of the population 16 years of age and ver. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and proides comprehensive data on the labor force, the emloyed and the unemployed, including such characteristics s age, sex, color, marital status, occupations, hours of york, and duration of unemployment. The survey also rovides data on the characteristics and past work exerience of those not in the labor force. The information s collected by trained interviewers from a sample of bout 50,000 households, representing 449 areas in 863 Counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States ind the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar week ncluding the 12th of the month. Data based on establishment payroll records are compiled each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The payroll survey provides detailed industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly and weekly earnings, and labor turnover for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The figures are based on payroll reports from a sample of establishments employing about 25 million nonfarm wage and salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full- or part-time, who received pay during the payroll period which includes the 12th of the month. Data based on administrative records of unemployment insurance systems furnish a complete count of insured unemployment among the two-thirds of the Nation's labor force covered by unemployment insurance programs. Weekly reports, by State, are issued on the number of initial claims, the volume and rate of insured unemployment under State unemployment insurance programs, and the volume under programs of unemployment compensation for Federal employees, ex-servicemen, and railroad workers. These statistics are published by the Bureau of Employment Security, U.S. Department of Labor, in "Unemployment Insurance Claims." 299-681 O 689 129 Relation between the household and payroll series The household and payroll data supplement one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports. Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a differential effect on levels and trends of the two series are as follows: Employment Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours or more during the survey week in family-operated enterprises. Employment in both farm and nonfarm industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonfarm establishments. Multiple jobholding. The household approach provides information on the work status of the population without duplication since each person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based on establishment records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their names appear on payrolls. Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all persons who had jobs but were not at work during the survey week--that is, were not working but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management dispute, or because they were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers for the time off, In paid for by the company are included, but not Hours of Work The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. In the household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours, In the payroll survey, employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period, Comparability of the household interview data with other series Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, regardless of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Bureau of Employment Security of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (agriculture, State and local government, domestic service, self employment, unpaid family work, nonprofit organizations, and firms below a minimum size). In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as employed rather than unemployed in the household survey. Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage COLLECTION AND COVERAGE Research Service (SRS) series and the treatment d jobholders who are counted more than once if they w on more than one farm during the reporting There are also wide differences in sampling tech and collecting and estimating methods, which cam readily measured in terms of impact on differences level and trend of the two series, Comparability of the payroll employment data Statistics on manufactures and business, Bun Census. BLS establishment statistics on employ differ from employment counts derived by the s of the Census from its censuses or annual samples veys of manufacturing establishments and the census of business establishments. The major reasons for noncomparability are different treatment of busines units considered parts of an establishment, such central administrative offices and auxiliary units, industrial classification of establishments, and differe reporting patterns by multiunit companies, There also differences in the scope of the industries covere e.g., the Census of Business excludes contract constru tion, professional services, public utilities, and fir establishments, whereas these are included in statistics. County Business Patterns. Data in County Busine Patterns, published jointly by the U.S. Departmen Commerce, and Health, Education, and Welfare, d from BLS establishment statistics in the treatmen central administrative offices and auxiliary units, D ferences may also arise because of industrial class cation and reporting practices, In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities. Employment covered by State unemployment ins programs. Not all nonfarm wage and salary workers covered by the unemployment insurance programe, A workers in certain activities, such as interstate rail roads, are excluded, In addition, small firms in covere industries are also excluded in 31 States. In genera these are establishments with less than four ployees. Labor Force Data Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in "Concepts and Methods Used in Manpower Statistics from the Current Population Survey" (BLS Re 130 |