Course of Instruction,.....

Recent Legislation,........

Falk's Institute for Neglected Children,. Girls' Industrial School,.....

633

634

600

600

SCHLESWICK-HOLSTEIN.

635

636

636

636

636

637

637

SAXE-MEININGEN.

Teachers' Seminary at Kiel and Toudern in 1780, 637
School Law of 1814 and 1834,
Influence of Politics on Schools..

638

639

665 667

667

668

669

Sunday. Evening, and Holiday Schools,... Industrial Schools-Instruction in Drawing,..

669

669

682

PAGE 659

660

School Law of Sept. 20, 1836...
List of Circulars, Decrees, and Publications,.... 660
2. Organization and Administration,...
Obligation to attend School from age of 7 to 14, 661
Sunday Improvement Schools, from 14 to 18,... 661
Obligation to establish and support Schools,.... 662
Mode of meeting the expense of Public Schools, 663
Denominational Character of Public Schools,... 663
Superintendence-Central and Local,...

3. Statistics of Attendance, due and attained,.
Number of Children in Attendance in 1865.
Classes Teachers-Districts-Town and Country,
Denominational-Voluntary....

Infant School, (Keinkinderpflege.)..

671

Industrial Schools of Improvement,.

671

Female Industrial Schools,.

673

Agricultural Schools of Improvement..

673

Asylums for Orphan and Neglected Children,...
Institute for Juvenile Criminals....
Institutes for the Deaf and Dumb-Blind,
Establishments for Feeble-minded Children,..
Total Expenditure for Elementary Schools,..
Results of the System as to Universality,.

674

THE FREE CITIES OF GERMANY. History-Area-Population-Government, General History of Schools and Education... Early Schools in Frankfort...

731

732

732

676

676

Cathedral Schools in Hamburg and Bremen.... Fraternity of Poor Scholars in 1285..

732

734

677

Special City Schools in Lubeck in 1281....

734

677

School Reform instituted by Bugenhagen,

734

678

Junker School, Nesen, Carinus, Micyllus,.

735

4. Inner Organization of the Schools,

680

Division of the Pupils into Classes,..

680

German Reading and Writing Schools in 1543,. Barefooted School-Hedge Schools,...

735

736

Number of Lessons per week,

681

Existing System of Public Instruction,.

737

Subjects of Instruction,

682

1. Frankfort-on-the-Main,..

737

Reading Spelling-Geography-History,.

Religion-Bible History-Daily Prayer,.

Natural Phenomena explained,

German Language-Composition,.

Arithmetic-Drawing-Gymnastics,..

Home-tasks-School Diary.....

Examinations-Inspections-School-year,..

Discipline-Absence-Tardiness,
Misdemeanors out of School-Prizes,.

5. Teachers,...

Permanent and Revocable Appointments,
Professional Training of Teachers,..
State Normal Schools,....

Private Seminary for Female Teachers..
Practice Schoo's-Examinations,
Institutions for Professional Improvement,.
Conferences Associations-Libraries,..
Special Courses-Singing Associations..
Teachers-Salaries-Gradation-Payment,.
Salaries as Sacristans-Extra School-work,
Side-work-Distinctions,..

Pension Fund-Provision for Widows, Orphans,. 701
School-mistresses-Educational Associations,... 701

6. Remarks on the Primary School System,.. Results of Compulsory School Attendance... Demands on a Public School System,.

2. Bremen..

739

683

684

684

4. Lubeck,.

741

Table,-Professors-Teachers-Students, 1869, 804

Summary of Institutions,

1. Theology; 2. Law; 3. Medicine and Surgery, 807

2. Secondary and Superior Schools,.

1. Agriculture,..

805

806

808

808

810

811

812

Grand Ecclesiastical Order of 1559...

709

2. Forestry,.

812

Latin Schools of the 13th and 16th century, ... 709
Cloister Schools-Studies and Discipline,.
Statistics in 1607, 1803, 1866,.

3. Veterinary Science and Art,.

813

6. Trades and Manufactures..

.. 815

712

713

Polytechnic Schools-General and Special.. 815

7. Mines and Mining,...............

818

2. PRESENT ORGANIZATION,..

1. Classificatio-Authorities-Maintenance,

2. Classical, or humanistic Institutions,.

Subjects and Course of Instruction,

713

8. Commerce and Navigation,

819

820

...

21

822

Programme of Gymnasium at Tübingen, Methods of Instruction

715

716

1. Deaf-mutes; 2. Blind; 3. Orphans,.. V. SUPPLEMENTARY INSTRUCTION,.......

823

825

Discipline and Hygiene..

717

Maturity, or Leaving Examination,

718

3. Real, or Science Schools,..

Historical Development,

719

Teachers-Qualification and Examination..

720

VII. LITERATURE OF EDUCATION............. VIII. SCHOOL LEGISLATION......

827

828

Subjects and Course of Instruction,..

721

Programme-Rea! Gymnasium at Stuttgard,

720

Real School at Tübingen

720

Burgher School at Stuttgard,..

849

TO

A. B. C. Tablets, 528, 541.

Abecedarians, 780, 865.

Abroad, scholars from, 506.

Absence from School. valid excuses for, 687, 887, How dealt with, 128. See Attendance.

Academic (university) study, preparation for, 242. Account-book. Tenchers in Brunswick, 213. Agricola, George, 535.

Administrative authorities, 755,

See State, Provincial, Municipal, Authorities. Adults, schools and classes for, 56, 419, 434, 807. Epinus. John, in 1525, 372. Æsop's fables, 536, 537. Age for school attendance, Austria, 55, 887

Baden, 128.

Hesse-Cassel, 267.

Hesse-Darmstadt, 281.
Mecklenberg, 312, 319.
Prussin, 434.
Saxe-Coburg, 895.
Saxony, 550.

Wurtemberg, 361.

Agriculture, in common schools, 50, 590.

Agriculture, special schools of, 196, 851.

Afra, church and school, 531, 539.

Altenzelle, convent school, 533.
Aix-la-Chapelle, 859.

Albert, of Brandenburg, 449.

Altenberg, Teachers' Seminary, 569.

Altenstein, minister of public in, 411, 441,
Letter to Pestalozzi in 1808, 363:
Letter to Pinmann in 1822, 413.

Normal school system for Gymnasia, 441.
Altona, school system, 647.
Amelia Institute, 567.

ANHALT, Principality, 17, 744, 845,
Dessau-Cothen, 17.

1. Primary Schools, 17.

2. Secondary, 19.

3. Special schools, 19. Bermberg, 20.

Public schools, 20, 744.

Anthropology, 145, 443, 896

Apparatus, 52, 201, 610.

Apprentices, sch ols for, 105.

Appointment of teachers,

Provisional, 174, 602, 612, 897.

Definitive, 593, 888, 897.

Revocable, 696, 889.

Attendance, law respecting in
Anhalt, 18.

Austria, 55, 42, 63, 887. Oldenburg, 327.

Baden, 123.

Bavaria, 161.

Hanover, 227.

Hesse-Cassel, 267.

Hesse-Darmstadt, 281. Mecklenburg, 312.

Nassau, 324.

Prussia, 380, 433, 339. Saxony, 555.

Saxe-Coburg, 592, 895
Saxe-Meiningen, 609.
Wurtemberg, 661.

Augsburg, school organization, 168, 859,
Institute of English Ladies, 176.
Augustines, 522, 531.

Augustus, of Brunswick, 208.
Augustus I., of Saxony, 549,

Order for Schools, in 1580, 540,
AUSTRIA. Empire of, 9,
Aren, population, religion, 23, 120.
Public instruction-historical, 26.

1. Elementary schools, 26.

Organization, administration, studies, 40.
Statistics, 61, 68, 120, 744.

2. Secondary schools-classical, 67.
Historical development in detail, 67.
Present organization, studies, 82.
Statistics, 78, 120, 845.

3. Real schools, 98.

History and organization, 101.
Statistics, 101, 105, 120, 845.

4. Superior Schools or Universities, 120.
Faculties, Professors, Students, 120, 846.
5. Special Schools, 120.

6. Hungary, Croatia, Slavonia., 107.

General view of Educational institutions, 120

School code of Maria Theresa, 1774,879.

School code of 1869, 885.

School ordinance abrogating Concordat, 892.

Basle, university, 846.

Bassewitz, cited, 352, 357.

BAVARIA, kingdom of, 157, 206,

Area, population, religion, 157.

1. Primary or common schools, 158, 744.

History, law of 1802, 1808, 1811, 1836, 1848, 158.
Attendance, parishes, inspection, 160.
Schools, studies, methods, 166,

Teachers, school apprentices, seminaries, 172.

2. Secondary schools, 176, 845.

High school for girls, Classical schools, 176.
Latin school, gymnasium, 185.

Real schools, Technical schools, Polytec. schools, 3. Rescue and Supplementary schools, 204. General view of schools and their distribution, 156. Benefactors of Education, early,

Saxony, 535.

Beck, A., Life of Ernest the Pious 582.
Beck, Christian Daniel, 551.

Beckedorf, L. 387, 413, 345.

Bee raising in Silesia, 50.

Behavior, or Manners in school, 581,

Bensheim, Catholic seminary at, 286, 589.

Bergen, in 1662, Pomerania, 373.

Berlin, school system, 363,

Institute for giris, 359. Seminary, 848, 864
Private schools, 427. University, 524, 526, 846.

Statistics, 429, 586, 859.
Berner, instruction in music, 364.
Bernhardi, plan for gymnasium, 492.
Bible as a reading-book, 803, 866.
Bible History, treatinent of, 418, 791.
Bible in schools, 418, 440, 682, 803.
Blocks in school, 781.
Blackboard, 376, 541, 865.
Boarding, Gymnasiums, 562.
Blind, schools for, 206, 850.

Boarding round, 225, 294, 607, 802.
Bockh. Pedagogical seminary, 488.
Bodily Culture, 591.
Bohemia, 23, 41, 95, 99.

Bonitz, Hermann, in Vienna, 79.

Brandenberg, mark and electorate, 335, 336.

Brandenberg, Province of Prussia, 425,
Elementary schools, 425.

Secondary schools, 459, 515.

Braun, 416.

Breslau, 345, 846, 859.

Bremen, school system, 739, 859.

Bromberg, 391, 397, 411.

Brotherhood of Christian Instruction, 26.

Brotherhood of Common Life, 235.

Bruggmann, Catholic gymnasium councilor, 447.

Brunn, school system, 859.

BRUNSWICK, Duchy of, 207,

Historical development of schools, 207.

1. Primary schools, 209.

2. Orphan and Rescue institutions, 216.

3. Classical schools, 216.

Brunswick, city, 208, 217, 859.

Buildings for school purposes, 44, 160.
Büdingen, gymnasium, 289, 859.

Bugenhagen, John, school reforms, 372 734
Burgher schools in

Austria, 64, 100, 886.

Baden, 149, 150, 845.

Bavaria, 150, 845.
Brunswick, 859.

Bremen, 719, 859.

Frankfort, 737.

Hamburg, 740.

Hanover. 859.

Hesse-Cassel, 859.
Hesse-Darmstadt, 296.
Lippe-Detmold, 306.
Lippe-Schaumburg, 307.
Lubeck, 740.
Mecklenberg-Sch., 313.

Mecklen.-Strelitz, 321.
Oldenburg, 329.
Prussia, 501, 845.
Reuss, 528.
Saxony, 556.
Saxe-Altenburg. 568.
Saxe-Coburg, 568.
Saxe-Meinengen, 600.
Saxe Weimar, 632.
Thuringian States, 845.
Schleswig-Holstein, 647.
Swarzburg, 650.
Waldeck, 652. 845.
Wurtemberg, 721.

Calligraphy, 103, 109, 151. Cameralisten, 847.

Campe, school books, 375. Canisius, Catechism, 23, 66.

Canton, 531.

Confessional schools, 41, 135, 553, 797.

Consistory, 226, 304.

Competitive Examination, 34, 710.

Composition, exercises in, 777, 783.

Compulsory attendance, 703. (See Attendance.) Prussia, 381.

Concentration of teaching, 806.

Confirmation, 161, 554.

Convent schools, 531, 533.

Corporal punishment, 211, 320, 609.

Conversational method, 767, 780, 784.

Country Schools, 170 669.

Council of studies, 136.

Cousin, on Prussian schools, 444.

Crime and Schools, 167.

Croatia and Slavonia, 23, 105, 107.

Crusius, Martin, Greek Grammar, 544.
Criminal Children, school for, 676.
Curriculum vitæ, 242, 478.
Custodian, 861.

Daily Routine, 767,

Austria, 52.

Prussia, 767, 864.

Baden, 131.

Bavaria, 167 203.

Saxe-Gotha, 588. Wurtemberg, 767.

Dalmatia, 23, 35,

Gymnasiums, 95.

Dammau, on teachers' wages, 383.

Darmstadt, Gymnasium, 289.

Deaf-Mutes, 314, 850.

Decuria, or Section Master, 541, 542.

Definitely appointed teachers, 897.

Denominational character of schools, 552, 664, 798,

Wurtemberg. 664. Saxony, 552. Department system of teaching, 77.

Deportment of pupils, 134.

Design, schools of, 671.

Dessau, Basedow's Philanthropinum, 17,

Female schools, 19. Real-classes, 19.

Gymnasium, 19.

Detmold, 303,

Gymnasium, 306.

Higher Trade Seminary, 306

Baden, 146.

Dissenters in Germany, 425, 799.
Dissenters in Prussia, 799.

District in Austria defined, 25.
Doctrinale of Alexander, 235.

Domestic economy in schools, 222, 422.

Domestic training, 796.

Donatus, Latin Grammar, 536.

Dortmund petition, on Prussian Regulative, 416.

Drawing, instruction in

Austria, 54, 103.

Baden, 151.

Bavaria, 170.

Dresden, schools, 859,

Hanover, 556.

Prussia, 784,

Wurtemberg, 685.

Ecclesiastics as teachers, 84, 95.

Educational Fund of Austria, 69.

Eichorn, J. A. F., ministry of, 414, 444,
Decree concerning æsthetic culture, 415.
Eilers, Dr., assistant of Eichorn, 414, 446.
Elberfeld, 859.

Elementary schools, 801. (See Primary schools.)
Elementary studies, limits of, 805,

Concentration of teaching. 805.

Emerited teachers, 176, 410, 613.

Endowed Schools, 247, 759.

Ephori, in school administration, 136, 591, 617, 628. Eppingen, Higher Burgher school, 151.

Equipment of schoolhouse, 779.

Erfurt, Normal school, 371.

Erlangen, university, 846.

Ernest, the Pious, of Saxe-Coburg, 572, 576.
Ernesti, John A., 548, 550.

Esslingen, Normal school, 691.

Evangelical schools, 530.

Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, 894.
Evening schools, 105, 131.

Examination of Elementary schools, 55,

Austria, 54.

Baden, 125.

Trades-school, 19.

Bavaria, 164.

Detention after school, 506.

Hanover, 230.

Hesse, 286.

Austria, 91.

Teachers' Seminary, 305.

Baden, 141.

Diary, school,

Hanover, 242.

Austria, 47, 888.

Dialectics and Rhetoric, 544.

Bavaria, 174.

Diaspora, 799.

Brunswick. 213.

Diesterweg. 387, 416,

Mecklenberg, 311, 320.

Nassau, 325.

Saxe-Meiningen, 618.

Prussia, 754.

Wurtemberg, 694.

Examination of Secondary schools,

Prussia, 474.

Examination of Elementary Teachers,

Hesse-Durmstadt, 287.

Wurtemberg, 692, 721.

Prussia, 835.

Saxe-Coburg, 896,

Teachers in

Hesse, 276, 287.

Mecklenburg, 316.

Prussia. 474.

Saxe-Meiningen, 634.

Wurtemberg, 785.

Example, teaching by, 585, 863.

Examination on leaving Gymnasium, 92, 724, 843.
Examen pro facultate docendi, 476.
Exclusion from school, 506, 593.

Discipline, general principles,

Baden, 134.

Hesse-Darmstadt, 292.

Bavaria, 171.

Prussia, 506, 866.

Exner, 78, 100.