hundred and thirty-three, two hundred and thirty-four and two hundred and thirty-five of said chapter four hundred and seventeen (being respectively sections two hundred and forty-three, two hundred and forty-four and two hundred and forty-five of this digest), shall be punished by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in jail not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Inquests in INQUESTS IN ELECTION CASES. 309. Upon a complaint subscribed and sworn to by cases of al- any person before a municipal, police, or district court, or leged viola. a trial justice, alleging that reasonable grounds exist for tions of certain laws believing that any law relating to the registration, qualifirelating to cation, or assessment of voters, or to voting lists or ballots, or to caucuses, conventions and elections, or any matters or things pertaining thereto, has been violated, such court or justice may at once hold an inquest to inquire into such alleged violation of the law. elections. 1895, c. 355, § 1. Inquests may be private, etc. Ibid. § 2. fees, etc. Ibid. § 3. 310. If the court or trial justice deems proper such inquest may be private, in which case any or all persons other than those whom the court or justice shall deem necessary to be present may be excluded from the place where such inquest is held; and said court or trial justice may also direct the witnesses to be kept separate, so that they cannot converse with each other, until they have been examined. The district attorney, or some person designated by him, or the attorney-general, in such cases as he thinks advisable, shall attend the inquest and examine all witnesses. Witnesses, 311. Such court or justice, or district attorney may attendance, issue subpoenas for witnesses, returnable before said court or trial justice. The persons served with such process shall be allowed the same fees, their attendance may be enforced in the same manner, and they shall be subject to the same penalties, as if served with a subpoena in behalf of the Commonwealth in a criminal prosecution pending before such court or trial justice. Justice may employ stenog. rapher, to make report, etc. Ibid. § 4. 312. The presiding justice of such court or trial justice shall, if he deems it necessary, employ a stenographer, and have all or any part of the proceedings reduced to writing; and after hearing the testimony he shall draw up and sign a report in which he shall state all the material circumstances relating to the violation of the law, if he shall find that the law has been violated, and shall further state the name or names of any persons who may have been guilty of any such violation; and he shall file said report with the records of the superior court in the county where the inquest is held. may be to appear, 313. If the justice finds that any law has been violated Witnesses he may bind over, as in criminal prosecutions, such bound over witnesses as he deems necessary, or as the district attorney etc. may designate, to appear and testify at the court in which 1895, c. 355, the indictment for such offence may be found or presented. $5. 314. If a person charged by the report with the com- Certain mission of an offence is not in custody the justice shall persons may be ap forthwith issue process for his apprehension, and such prehended. process shall be made returnable before any court or ibid. § 6. magistrate having jurisdiction in the premises, who shall proceed therein in the manner required by law; but nothing herein shall prevent any justice from issuing such process before the filing of said report, if it is otherwise lawful to issue the same. etc., not to nesses, etc. Ibid. § 7. 315. No person who is called as a witness before said Certain court or justice at said inquest, or in any court, shall be testimony, excused from answering any question, or from producing be used as any paper relating to any alleged violation of the law evidence which is the subject of inquiry before said court or justice against witin said inquest, or before any court upon a criminal prosecution for said alleged violation of law, on the ground that the answer to such question or the production of such paper may criminate or tend to criminate himself, or disgrace him, or otherwise render him infamous; but the testimony of any witness examined at said inquest, or before any court, upon the subject aforesaid, or any statement made or any paper produced by him on such examination, shall not be used as evidence against such witness in any civil or criminal proceeding in any court of justice; and he shall not be prosecuted or held to answer in any civil or criminal proceeding because of any such testimony, statement, or production of any paper as aforesaid; nor for any matters or causes in respect of which he was examined at said inquest or in said court, or to which his testimony or any papers produced relate. Who are citizens. U. S. Rev. Stat. § 1992. Children of citizens abroad. Ibid. § 1993. LAWS RELATING TO NATURALIZATION. 316. All persons born in the United States and not subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians not taxed, are declared to be citizens of the United States. 317. All children heretofore born, or hereafter born, out of the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, whose fathers were or may be at the time of their birth citizens thereof, are declared to be citizens of the United States; but the rights of citizenship shall not descend to children whose fathers never resided in the United States. 318. Any woman who is now or may hereafter be married to a citizen of the United States, and who might herIbid. § 1994. self be lawfully naturalized, shall be deemed a citizen. Citizenship of married women. Aliens may become citizens; declaration authorized to natural 319. An alien may be admitted to become a citizen of the United States in the following manner, and not otherwise: First. He shall declare on oath, before a circuit or of intention; district court of the United States, or a district or supreme state courts court of the territories, or a court of record of any of the states having common-law jurisdiction, and a seal and clerk, two years, at least, prior to his admission, that it is Ibid. § 2165. bona fide his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, and particularly, by name, to the prince, potentate, state or sovereignty of which the alien may be at the time a citizen or subject. ize. Oath to Constitu tion of the U. S. Second. He shall, at the time of his application to be support the admitted, declare, on oath, before some one of the courts above specified, that he will support the Constitution of the United States, and that he absolutely and entirely renounces and abjures all allegiance and fidelity to every foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, and particularly, by name, to the prince, potentate, state or sovereignty of which he was before a citizen or subject; which proceedings shall be recorded by the clerk of the court. Residence in the U. S., and good character. Third. It shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the court admitting such alien that he has resided within the United States five years at least, and within the state or territory where such court is at the time held, one year at least; and that during that time he has behaved as a man of a good moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same; but the oath of the applicant shall in no case be allowed to prove his residence. renounced. Fourth. In case the alien applying to be admitted to Titles of nocitizenship has borne any hereditary title, or been of any bility to be of the orders of nobility in the kingdom or state from which he came, he shall, in addition to the above requisites, make an express renunciation of his title or order of nobility in the court to which his application is made, and his renunciation shall be recorded in the court. from mili. tary service declaration 320. Any alien, of the age of twenty-one years and up- Aliens disward, who has enlisted, or may enlist, in the armies of the charged United States, either the regular or the volunteer forces, and has been, or may be hereafter, honorably discharged, may become shall be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, citizens upon his petition, without any previous declaration of his without intention to become such; and he shall not be required to of intention. prove more than one year's residence within the United U. s. Rev. States previous to his application to become such citizen; Stat. § 2166. and the court admitting such alien shall, in addition to such proof of residence and good moral character, as now provided by law, be satisfied by competent proof of such person's having been honorably discharged from the service of the United States. from U. S. Navy, etc., may become Any alien, of the age of twenty-one years and upward, Aliens diswho has enlisted, or may enlist, in the United States Navy charged or Marine Corps, and has served, or may hereafter serve, five consecutive years in the United States Navy, or one enlistment in the United States Marine Corps, and has citizens been, or may hereafter be, honorably discharged, shall be without decadmitted to become a citizen of the United States upon intention. his petition, without any previous declaration of his inten- u. S. Stat. tion to become such; and the court admitting such alien at Large, shall, in addition to proof of good moral character, be 1894, c. 165. satisfied by competent proof of such person's service in, laration of |