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"A Gold-field in the Southern Urals." By Mr. R. Helmhacker...
"Brine and Natural Gas in Sze-Chuan." By Father Louis Coldre
Report on the Coal Outcrops in the Sharigh Valley, Balu-
chistan." By Mr. W. King

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"The Cherra Poonjee Coal-field in the Khasia Hills (India)."
By Mr. Tom D. La Touche ...

"The Lakadong Coal-field, Jaintia Hills (India)." By Mr. Tom
D. La Touche...
"The Coal-fields of Lairungao, Maosandram, and Maobelarkar, in
the Khasi Hills (India)." By Mr. Tom D. La Touche...
"Coal in New Caledonia." By Mr. Porte
"The Annina Coal-field in Southern Hungary'

"The Fire-damp Explosion at Campagnac." By Mr. Bernard
"The Explosion at La Machine Colliery (Nièvre)." By Mr.
Laurent
"The Colliery Explosion at Polnisch-Ostrau." By Mr. Joh. Meyer
"The Berlin (1889) Mining Exhibition." By Mr. Maurice Bellom
"Determination of the Flashing Point of Fire-damp." By Mr.
H. Le Chatelier

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'Report of French Commission on the Inflammability of Fire-
damp by Sparks produced by Steel Tools, and on the Employ-
ment of Electric Lamps." By Messrs. Mallard, Le Chatelier,
and Chesneau

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"Experiments in Sedimentation." By Prof. J. Thoulet...

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INDEX...

VOL. 11.-1800-91.

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589

FEDERATED INSTITUTION OF MINING ENGINEERS.

Bye-Laws passed at Council Meeting held on May 28th, 1891.

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1.-The Federated Institution of Mining Engineers shall consist of all or any of the societies interested in the advancement of mining, metallurgy, engineering, and their allied industries, who shall from time to time join together and adhere to the Bye-Laws.

2. The Institution shall have for its objects

(a) The advancement and encouragement of the sciences of mining, metallurgy, engineering, and their allied industries.

(b) The interchange of opinions, by the reading of communications from members and others, and by discussions at general meetings, upon improvements in mining, metallurgy, engineering, and their allied industries.

(c) The publication of original communications, discussions, and other papers connected with the objects of the Institution.

(d) The purchase and disposal of real and personal property for such objects. (e) The performance of all things connected with or leading to the purpose of such objects.

3.-The offices of the Institution shall be in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, or such other place as shall be from time to time determined by resolution of the Council.

4. The year of the Institution shall end on July 31st in every year.

5. The affairs and business of the Institution shall be managed and controlled by the Council.

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6. The original adherents or founders are as follows:

(a) Chesterfield and Midland Counties Institution of Engineers, Chesterfield. (b) Midland Institute of Mining, Civil, and Mechanical Engineers, Barnsley. (e) North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, Newcastleupon-Tyne.

(d) South Staffordshire and East Worcestershire Institute of Mining Engineers, Birmingham.

7. Written applications from societies to enter the Institution shall be made to the Council, by the President of the applying society, who shall furnish any information that may be desired by the Council.

8.-A.-If desired by the Council, any of the Federated Institutes shall revise their Bye-Laws, in order that their members shall consist of Ordinary Members, Associate Members, and Honorary Members, with Associates and Students, and section B following shall be a model Bye-Law to be adopted by any society when so desired by the Council.

B. The members shall consist of Ordinary Members, Associate Members, and Honorary Members, with Associates and Students:

(a) Each Ordinary Member shall be more than twenty-three years of age, have been regularly educated as a mining, metallurgical, or mechanical engineer, or in some other branch of engineering, according to the usual routine of pupilage, and have had subsequent employment for at least two years in some responsible situation as an engineer; or if he has not undergone the usual routine of pupilage, he must have been employed or have practised as an engineer for at least five years.

(b) Each Associate Member shall be a person connected with or interested in mining, metallurgy, or engineering, and not practising as a mining, metallurgical, or mechanical engineer, or some other branch of engineering. (c) Each Honorary Member shall be a person who has distinguished himself by his literary or scientific attainments, or who may have made important communications to any of the Federated Institutes.

(d) Associates shall be persons acting as under-viewers, under-managers, or in other subordinate positions in mines or metallurgical works, or employed in analogous positions in other branches of engineering.

(e) Students shall be persons who are qualifying themselves for the profession of mining, metallurgical, or mechanical engineering, or other branch of engineering, and such persons may continue Students until they attain the age of twenty-five years."

9.-The Ordinary Members, Associate Members, and Honorary Members, Associates and Students shall have notice of, and the privilege of attending, the ordinary and annual general meetings, and shall receive all publications of the Institution. They may also have access to, and take part in, the general meetings of any of the Federated Institutes.

10.—The members of any Federated Institute, whose payments to the Institution are in arrear, shall not receive the publications and other privileges of the Institution.

11. After explanations have been asked by the President from any Federated Institute, whose payments are in arrear, and have not been paid within one month after written application by the Secretary, the Council may decide upon its suspension or expulsion from the Institution; but such suspension or expulsion shall only be decided at a meeting attended by at least two-thirds of the members of the Council by a majority of three-fourths of the members present.

III. SUBSCRIPTIONS.

12. Each of the Federated Institutes shall pay fifteen shillings per annum for each Ordinary Member, Associate Member, Honorary Member, Associate, and Student, or such other sum, and in such instalment or instalments as may be determined from time to time by resolution or resolutions of the Council. Persons joining any of the Federated Institutes during the financial year of the Federated Institution shall be entitled to all publications issued for that year, after his election is notified to the Secretary, and the instalment or instalments due on his behalf have been paid.

IV. ELECTION OF OFFICERS AND COUNCIL.

13. The officers of the Institution, other than the Secretary and Treasurer, shall consist of Councillors elected annually prior to August in each year, by and out of the Ordinary Members and Associate Members of each Federated Institute, in the proportion of one Councillor per forty Ordinary Members or Associate

Members thereof; of Vice-Presidents elected by and from the Council at their first meeting in each year on behalf of each Institute, in the proportion of one Vice-President per two hundred Ordinary Members or Associate Members thereof; and of a President elected by and from the Council at their first meeting in cach year; who, with the Local Secretaries of each Federated Institute and the Secretary and Treasurer shall form the Council. All Presidents on retiring from that office shall be ex-officio Vice-Presidents so long as they continue Ordinary Members or Associate Members of any of the Federated Institutes.

14.-In case of the decease, expulsion, or resignation of any officer or officers, the Council may, if they deem it requisite, fill up the vacant office or offices at their next meeting.

V.-DUTIES OF OFFICERS AND COUNCIL.

15.-The Council shall represent the Institution and shall act in its name, and shall make such calls upon the Federated Institutes as they may deem necessary, and shall transact all business and examine accounts, authorise payments and may invest or use the funds in such manner as they may from time to time think fit, in accordance with the objects and Bye-Laws of the Institution.

16. The Council shall decide the question of the admission of any society, and may decree the suspension or expulsion of any Federated Institute for non-payment of subscriptions.

17. The Council shall decide upon the publication of any communications. 18.-There shall be three ordinary meetings of the Council in each year, on the same day as, but prior to, the ordinary or annual general meetings of the members. 19. A special meeting of the Council shall be called whenever the President may think fit, or upon a requisition to the Secretary signed by ten or more of its members, or by the President of any of the Federated Institutes. The business transacted at a special meeting of the Council shall be confined to that specified in the notice convening it.

20. The meetings of the Council shall be called by circular letter, issued to all the members at least seven days previously, accompanied by an agenda paper, stating the nature of the business to be transacted.

21. The order in which business shall be taken at the ordinary and annual general meetings may be, from time to time, decided by the Council.

22. The Council may communicate with the Government in cases of contemplated or existing legislation, of a character affecting the interests of mining, metallurgy, engineering, or their allied industries.

23. The Council may appoint Committees, consisting of members of the Institution, for the purpose of transacting any particular business, or of investigating any specific subject connected with the objects of the Institution.

24.-A Committee shall not have power or control over the funds of the Institution, beyond the amount voted for its use by the Council.

25.-Committees shall report to the Council, who shall act thereon and make use thereof as they may elect.

26.-The President shall take the chair at all meetings of the Institution, the Council, and Committees at which he may be present.

27. In the absence of the President, it shall be the duty of the senior VicePresident present to preside at the meetings of the Institution. In case of the absence of the President and of all the Vice-Presidents, the meeting may elect any member of Council, or in case of their absence any Ordinary Member or Associate Member to take the chair at the meeting.

28. At meetings of the Council six shall be a quorum.

29. Every question shall be decided at the meetings of the Council by the votes of the majority of the members present. In case of equal voting, the President, or other member presiding in his absence, shall have a casting vote. Upon the request of two members, the vote upon any question shall be by ballot.

30.-The Secretary shall be appointed by and shall act under the direction and control of the Council. The duties and salary of the Secretary shall be fixed and varied from time to time at the will of the Council.

31.-The Secretary shall summon and attend all meetings of the Council, and the ordinary and annual general meetings of the Institution, and shall record the proceedings in the minute book. He shall direct the administrative and scientific publications of the Institution. He shall have charge of and conduct all correspondence relative to the business and proceedings of the Institution, and of all committees where necessary, and shall prepare and issue all circulars to the members.

32.-One and the same person may hold the office of Secretary and Treasurer.

33.-The Treasurer shall be appointed annually by the Council at their first meeting in each year. The income of the Institution shall be received by him, and shall be paid into Messrs. Lambton & Co.'s bank at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, or such other bank as may be determined from time to time by the Council.

34.-The Treasurer shall make all payments on behalf of the Institution, by cheques signed by two members of Council, the Treasurer, and the Secretary, after payments have been sanctioned by Council.

35.-The surplus funds may, after resolution of the Council, be invested in Government securities, in railway and other debenture shares such as are allowed for investment by trustees, in the purchase of land, or in the purchase, erection, alteration, or furnishing of buildings for the use of the Institution. All investments shall be made in the names of Trustees appointed by the Council.

36. The accounts of the Treasurer and the financial statement of the Council shall be audited and examined by a chartered accountant, appointed by the Council at their first meeting in each year. The accountants' charges shall be paid out of the funds of the Institution.

37. The minutes of the Council's proceedings shall at all times be open to the inpection of the Ordinary Members and Associate Members.

VI.-GENERAL MEETINGS.

38.-An ordinary general meeting shall be held in February, May, and September, unless otherwise determined by the Council; and the ordinary general meeting in the month of September shall be the annual general meeting at which a report of the proceedings, and an abstract of the accounts of the previous year ending July 31st, shall be presented by the Council. The ordinary general meeting in the month of May shall be held in London, at which the President may deliver an address.

39.-Invitations may be sent by the Secretary to any person whose presence at discussions shall be thought desirable by the Council, and persons so invited shall be permitted to read papers and take part in the proceedings and discussions.

40.-Discussion may be invited on any paper published by the Institution. at meetings of any of the Federated Institutes, at which the writer of the paper may be invited to attend. Such discussion, however, shall in all cases be submitted to the writer of the paper before publication, and he may append a reply at the end of the discussion.

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