Brougham was born, and on the southwest corner the residence of David Hume. the floor.-See Sir Walter Scott's Chronicles of Canongate. The roofless choir is shown where once stood the altar before which the beautiful Mary and the next nearest heir to the English crown, Henry Darnley, were united. In the picturegallery are some frightfully executed portraits of over one hundred of Scotland's and from imagination. From Holyrood proceed to Calton Hill, whose summit is over 300 feet above the level of the sea, and from which a delightful view of the city may be obtained, as well as a close examination of the National, Dugald Stewart's, Melville's, and Burns's Monuments. Heriot's Hospital, the University, Grayfriars' Church, and National Gallery, with many other objects of interest, may be visited, should the trav In the centre of Parliament Square stands the equestrian statue of Charles II., con sidered a fine piece of statuary. Parliament House, where the meetings of the Supreme Court occur, has been recently renovated; the great hall, with its finely arched roof of carved oak, serves as a prom-kings, evidently painted by the same hand, enade for the members of the court when not engaged in carrying on their cases. At the north end of the hall is a statue of Duncan Forbes, of Culloden, by Roubiliac. It has the following inscription on the pedestal: "Duncano Forbes, de Culloden, supremæ in civilibus curiæ præsidi judici integerrimo civi optimo priscæ virtutis viro facultas juridica libens possint anno post obitum quinto." The Advocates' Library is rich in printed volumes, amounting to 150,000; also a valuable collection of Scot-eler make a lengthened stay. tish poetry, 400 volumes; and 1700 MSS. This is one of the five libraries that are entitled to a copy of every new work that is published in Great Britain. The office of librarian has always been filled by distinguished men and able scholars, and the custom is still continued, the office being now filled by a person experienced as a linguist and otherwise very talented. One of the finest ornaments of the city is Victoria Hall, with its noble spire, which rises to the height of 241 feet. On the north of Lawnmarket is Lady Stairs' Close, the alley in which is laid the scene of Sir Walter Scott's romance, "My Aunt Margaret's Mirror." Over the door, which figures conspicuously in the story, is a coat of arms, and the legend "Fear the Lord and depart from evil." Leith, the sea-port of Edinburgh, and most important naval station on the east coast of Scotland, is about a mile and a half from the centre of the city. One mile west of Leith is the elegant Granton Pier, constructed recently by the Duke of Buccleuch. Between Granton and Edinburgh is the Royal Botanic Garden and the Edinburgh Cemetery, which is laid out with much taste. Near here is St. Mary's, the neatest church in the city, and the Zoological Gardens. The excursions in the vicinity of Edinburgh are very numerous, and many days might be spent in this capital in the most delightful and instructive manner-chief of those is that to Melrose Abbey, Abbotsford, and Dryburgh. Or it might be better to take these places on your way to London, should you first have visited Glasgow, Ayr, etc. Or, should you be coming The next most important memorial of Scotland's ancient splendor is the remains of the palace of Holyrood. It was a mag-to Edinburgh, first stop one night at Melnificent building in former days. Both palace and abbey are open to the public every day except Sunday: on Saturday, free; other days by ticket; price sixpence to get in, and several more before you get rose, sending your baggage on to the capital. You will find first-rate accommodations at the George Hotel, which is conducted by Mr. Menzies, the same proprietor as the Caledonian at Inverness; he also keeps the best conveyances for making the excursions to Abbotsford and Dryburgh at fixed prices. The day before you arrive you had better drop him a line, and he will have conveyances at the station to meet you. Melrose Abbey, so famous in romance and poetry, is one of the finest specimens of Gothic architecture in Europe. It is all in ruins, with the single exception of the church, yet its ornaments and edges are as sharp as when newly cut. The Abbey was founded in the early part of the twelfth century by King David I. Many of the royal families of Scotland were interred here, among whom was Alexander II. The heart of Robert Bruce is also buried here. The Abbey was mostly destroyed by the English in 1322. The Monks' Walk was a favorite resort of Sir Walter Scott. The woman who keeps the keys lives close by the entrance; she will expect a small fee. About three miles from the Abbey stands Abbotsford, situated on the banks of the Tweed. Of world-wide renown is this mansion; not that its position or beauty are much to be admired, but the name of the genius that once inhabited it is fresh in the memory of every individual who speaks the English language, and must remain so for ages. Abbotsford is now the property of Mr. Hope Scott, who married Sir Walter's granddaughter. The principal apartments in the house are the armory, hung with nearly every kind of weapon; the dining-room, containing many handsome portraits and pictures, one of which is the head of Mary Queen of Scots on a charger; Cromwell, Charles II., etc. The library contains a choice collection of 20,000 volumes. In this room is a case containing the last clothes Sir Walter wore-white hat, plaid pantaloons, striped vest, shoes and gaiters. The study, which contains a few volumes of reference, remains nearly as the poet left it. The drawing-room is a spacious apartment, furnished with dark, antique furniture. The individual who shows the apartments is not the owner, although it would appear from his manners that he was. He will expect 1s. 6d. from a single individual, or 2s. 6d. from a party. They are not shown during the months of December and January. The fare for a horse and carriage, with one horse, from Melrose Abbey to Abbotsford, is $1 25; for two horses, $2, exclusive of two shillings to drivers and tolls. From Melrose Abbey to Dryburgh and back, $1 75 one horse, $250 two horses. Dryburgh is one of the most picturesque ruins in Scotland. It was founded during the reign of David I. James Stuart, one of the Darnley family, was its last abbot. He was buried under the altar. Sir Walter Scott was buried here at his particular request; his tomb is in St. Mary's aisle, which is the most beautiful part of the Abbey. His wife's tomb is on his left, and his eldest son, Colonel Sir Walter Soott's, on his right, while at his feet lie the remains of Mr. Lockhart, his son-in-law, friend, and biographer. The nave of the church, which was 190 feet long, must have been very beautiful. Notice in one of the cells a hole cut in the stone: into this the prisoner's hand was put, and then wedged in with a wooden mallet. The court-yard, with tree in the centre, reminds one much of Muckross Abbey. Notice opposite the entrance an old yew-tree, planted the same time the Abbey was built. On a rocky eminence overlooking the river is a colossal statue of the hero Wallace. Jedburgh Abbey may be visited by railway from Melrose. Should the traveler not have the time to make the excursion to the Highlands previously described, and makes the excursion of Lochs Katrine, Lomond, etc., from Edinburgh or Glasgow, the town of Stirling should be taken on the route. If not, an excursion should be made to visit its celebrated castle. Stirling is situated thirty-five miles west from Edinburgh, and is reached by railway. It is a place of great antiquity, and looks much like Edinburgh on a small scale. It contains a fine castle, the former residence of the kings of Scotland, built upon a rocky eminence, the battlements of which command a magnificent prospect. The population of the town is about 13,000. Principal hotels are the Royal and Golden Lion. In point of historical interest the Castle of Stirling is not excelled by any in Great Britain. On account of its inaccessible situation in the centre of the kingdom, it early became a place of great importance, and was for a lengthened period the favorite royal residence. It is of a quadrangular shape, with an open area in the centre. In addition to the other buildings, it includes the old palace built by James V. and the Parliament House. The castle is now used as a barrack for the soldiers. One of the most interesting rooms is that called the Douglas Room, in which William, earl of Douglas, was assassinated by James II. This haughty noble having, in conjunction with the Earls of Ross and Crawford, conspired against the king, was invited by that monarch to Stirling, with the king's word of safe-conduct. While in this room, James tried to persuade him to abandon his evil intentions, which Douglas refused to do, when the king, becoming incensed at his stubbornness, stabbed him to the heart; the attendants, entering, threw his body out of the window. In the chapel of the castle Mary was crowned Queen of Scots. Her son, James VI., was also baptized here. From the heights of Stirling no less than twelve battle-fields are in sight, on one of which Bruce secured the independence of Scotland by the great battle of Bannockburn in 1314. William Wallace also achieved a great victory over the English in 1287. Stirling was the birthplace of James II. and V., and was a favorite residence of James VI., who was crowned in the old church in the town, the famous reformer, John Knox, preaching the coronation sermon. The field of Bannockburn, where Robert de Bruce, with 30,000 soldiers, vanquished the English army of 100,000, is one of the "lions" of the vicinity. Castle Campbell is only 12 miles distant from Stirling. Visit also the town of Doune, where Mary and Darnley had a hunting-seat. ery of the Esk, in two miles we arrive at the Castle of Roslin, the origin of which is hid in obscurity. It was for many centuries the residence of the ancient family of St. Clairs, earls of Orkney and Caithness, whose heirs now own the property. Its chapel, a short distance from the castle, is considered the most beautiful specimen of ecclesiastical architecture in Scotland. It is built in the Gothic style, but the architecture is most varied and singular. The Barons of Roslin, up to the time of James VI., were all interred beneath the chapel in complete suits of armor. There is a tradition that immediately preceding the death of any of the Lords of Roslin, this chapel appeared in flames: this tradition is exquisitely described by Sir Walter Scott in his ballad of Rosabelle. Two miles from Roslin is the town of Dalkeith, at the extremity of which is its palace, which is shown in the absence of the family. It is the residence of the Duke of Buccleuch. There are several other local excursions, which our limits will not permit us to describe; the above, however, takes in nearly every object of interest. ENGLAND. We shall now proceed to London, visiting on our route Carlisle, Penrith, the Cumberland Lakes, Lancaster, Liverpool, Leeds, Sheffield, Manchester, Chatsworth, Derby, Kenilworth, Leamington, Warwick, Stratford-upon-Avon, Woodstock, and Oxford. Perhaps the most interesting and lovely of all the excursions in the vicinity of Edinburgh is that to Hawthornden, Roslin Castle and Chapel, and Dalkeith Palace. As the days on which each of those places is open are liable to change, inform yourself by in- One hundred and ten miles we arrive at quiring at your hotel what day you can see the ancient town of Carlisle, which conthem all. A carriage had better be taken tains 28,000 inhabitants. The principal from the city, although one can reach all the hotel is the Station. It is a place of conplaces by rail. Dalkeith Palace, the far-siderable manufacturing importance, conthest point, is only nine miles from the city. Hawthornden was the lovely residence of the poet Drummond, the intimate friend of Shakspeare and Jonson, and is now inhabited by his lineal descendant. It is considered by all writers one of the most lovely spots in Scotland: it is situated on the River Esk, about five miles from the city. Ben Jonson walked all the distance from London to visit the poet, and spent several weeks with him in this charming retreat. tains an ancient castle, partly in ruins, the erection of which is attributed to William Rufus. This city was taken by King David, and was afterward besieged by Robert Bruce. It nobly held out for Charles I., and suffered much in consequence. The principal objects of interest are the remains of the old castle, the Cathedral, and court-houses. Previous to arriving at Carlisle, a pleasant excursion might be made to Dumfries by diverging from the main line of road, Passing up through the exquisite scen- letting your baggage proceed to Carlisle. This town, in addition to the monument | River Lune, near its mouth. It is of very erected over the grave of Burns in St. ancient origin, having once been a Roman Michael's Church, contains the house where station. William the Conqueror gave it he died, and where his widow resided over to Roger de Poictou. John of Gaunt built thirty years. From here you can visit its castle. The first Earl of Lancaster was Caerlaveroch Castle, Drumlanrig Castle created in 1266. John of Gaunt, fourth son the residence of the Duke of Buccleuch of Edward III., having married Blanche, Includen House, and New Abbey. the Duke of Lancaster's daughter, succeeded to the title. His son, Henry of Bolingbroke, earl of Derby and duke of Hereford, after his father's death, became Duke of Lancaster, and finally king in 1399, since which time this duchy has been associated with royal dignity. The town received its first charter from King John, and is noted for the manner in which it espoused the cause of the Royalists during the Parliamentary War; also for its participancy in the "War of the Roses" between York and Lancaster. The castle stands on the summit of a hill, and is now used as a county jail. Principal hotels are King's Arms and Royal Oak. Population 20,000. This city now gives the title of duke to the Prince of Wales. At Kendal Junction we take a branch line of railway to Bowness, a distance of ten miles, to visit Windermere, the queen of all the Cumberland lakes. The Royal is the principal hotel at Bowness. The town is situated on the lake, distance one mile from the station; omnibuses await the arrival of each train. A small steamer leaves Bowness several times each day, making the tour of the lake, price three shillings. A coach leaves Bowness every morning for Keswick, returning the same day; the drive is beautiful. Keswick was the residence of the late poet Southey. An hour's ride from Bowness, you pass Ambleside, the residence of Miss Martineau, near which the late poet Wordsworth resided. Grasmere is also a lovely spot. From Keswick take the railway to the fine town of Penrith. The ruins of the castle which overlook this town are exceedingly romantic. This was for a long time the residence of Richard III. Visit the Giant's Grave, Lord Brougham's castle, and King Arthur's Round Table. He pass'd red Penrith's Table Round, Bridal of Triermain. Visit also "Long Meg and her Daughter:" they are about six miles from Penrith, and are considered some of the finest relics of antiquity. The neighborhood of Penrith is noted for the numerous country seats of England's nobility and gentry. To make the tour of Lake Ulswater, take the coach which leaves Penrith Station every morning at 9 A.M., arriving at Pooley's Bridge Landing in one hour. Here you embark in a small steamer, making the tour of the lake in two hours, and returning to Penrith Station by half past one. The next city of importance which we pass is Lancaster, noted for its castle, once a magnificent structure. The town is beautifully situated on the south bank of the Liverpool is situated on the northeast side of the River Mersey, near its mouth, and extends three miles in length along its banks. It is the second city in the kingdom, and contains about 500,000 inhabitants. Principal hotels are Queen's, admirably conducted by its proprietor, Mr. James Tissot; immediately opposite the railroad station, the Adelphi and Waterloo; the Washington is badly managed. Travelers wishing to make a lengthened stay in Great Britain had better purchase some of the many local guides published in England, which enter more into detail than it is possible for us to do. We refrain from giving fares and stating time, as every one will purchase a "Bradshaw." Liverpool is noted for the magnificence of its docks, which are constructed on a most stupendous scale, covering, with the dry-docks, 200 acres, with 15 miles of quays. Nearly one third of its trade is with the United States. The cotton which formerly arrived here annually amounted to 2,500,000 bales. The principal buildings of Liverpool are the Assize Courts, Customhouse, St. George's Hall, Exchange, and Town-hall, which is a fine Palladian build Chester is is one of the best in England. At the cross streets, however, you have to descend and ascend each time. The carriage-way of the principal streets is sunk several feet below the original level. ing surmounted by a dome supporting a statue of Britannia. It contains statues of Roscoe and Canning by Chantrey, also a number of portraits. The interior is divided into many fine saloons, elegantly fitted up. A Free Lending Library has been erected by W. Brown, Esq. In the square at the Exchange is a monument in bronze, executed by Westmacott, in honor of Nelson, representing the dying hero receiving a naval crown of victory, and an enemy prostrate and crushed beneath his feet. At the junction of London Road and Pembroke Place there is a magnificent equestrian statue of George III. by the same artist. The Collegiate and Mechanics' institutions of Liverpool are highly important educational establishments, and there are several others for the encouragement of art and science. The Derby Museum and Philharmonic Ilall are well worth a visit. The Zoological Gardens, covering ten acres of ground, are most tastefully arranged. St. James's Cemetery, very elegantly planned, is located behind St. James's Walk: it was formed out of a quarry of red stone. Near the en-armory, barracks, and county jail. trance is a pretty little chapel containing some fine sculpture. A monument has been erected over the remains of Mr. Hus- Eaton Hall, the residence of the Marquis kisson, with a fine white marble statue of of Westminster, is a beautiful Gothic builddeceased habited in a toga. Religious wor-ing, three miles from Chester, and contains ship exists here in almost every form. There are a number of charitable institutions, many of them of a religious characThere are five theatres in Liverpool in addition to the Amphitheatre and Assembly Rooms. The Wellington Rooms, in Mount Pleasant, are large and finely arranged. A drive should be taken through Princess Park, which is very elegant. ter. As we presume nine out of ten American travelers will wish to proceed at once to London, not only the capital of the United Kingdom, but the moneyed capital and largest city in the world, we will proceed there at once by rail, diverging only to a few of the most important places of interest. If going direct to London, take the Northwestern Railroad, which passes through the most lovely portion of Great Britain. The dépôt is immediately opposite the Queen's Hotel. The traveler will be well repaid by stop ping a day at the ancient cathedral city of Chester. The Queen's Hotel, at the station, The Cathedral is a venerable structure. It was built on the site of an ancient Saxon monastery. It has been recently much restored, and well deserves a visit. The castle is the principal object of attraction. It was erected in the time of William the Conqueror; part of it is now used as an The armory contains a very large collection of modern fire-arms. some magnificent paintings. Chester is the centre of numerous important lines of railways, the principal of which are the London and Northwestern, by which you reach London in less than six hours, and the Chester and Holyhead, eighty-four miles from the latter, which is connected with Dublin by powerful steam packets. By this road you cross the Tubular Bridge over the Menai Straits. It is considered one of the mechanical wonders of the world; the sight of it alone is worth a visit to Wales. Here is a stupendous iron structure, over 1500 feet in length, and raised sufficiently high to allow ships with the loftiest masts to pass under it, and only one pier to support it. It was erected by Mr. Stephenson, architect, and est $5,000,000. Eighteen hundred men were employed 4 years. The whole weight is over 11,000 tons. It would be well to stop at Bangor, a city on the other side of the Straits, and walk back to visit this mighty work. Raising the Pyramids of Egypt |