hereafter be prescribed by law. And any vacancy in the office of Surveyor shall be filled by the Commissioners of the Counties, or by the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, respectively, for the residue of the term.

Sec. 3. The State Librarian shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall hold his office during the term of the Governor, by whom he shall have been appointed, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified. His salary shall be fifteen. hundred dollars a year; and he shall perform such duties as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and no appropriation shall be made by law to pay for any clerk, or assistant to the Librarian. And it shall be the duty of the Legislature, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, to pass a Law regulating the mode and manner in which the books in the Library shall be kept and accounted for by the Librarian, and requiring the Librarian to give a bond, in such penalty as the Legislature may prescribe, for the proper discharge of his duties.

Marshall v. Harwood, 5 Md. 423. Silver v. Magruder, 32 Md. 387.

Sec. 4. There shall be a Commissioner of the Land Office, who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall hold his office during the term of the Governor, by whom he shall have been appointed, and until his successor shall be appointed and qualified. He shall perform such duties as are now required of the Commissioner of the Land Office, or such as may hereafter be prescribed by Law, and shall also be the Keeper of Chancery Records. He shall receive a salary of One Thousand five hundred dollars per annum, to be paid out of the Treasury, and shall charge such fees as are now, or may be hereafter fixed by Law. He shall make a semi-annual report of all the fees of his office, both as Commissioner of the Land Office, and as keeper of the Chancery Records, to the Comptroller of the Treasury, and shall pay the same semi-annually into the Treasury.

Sec. 5. The Commissioner of the Land Office shall also, without additional compensation, collect, arrange, classify, have charge of, and safely keep all papers, records, relics and other memorials connected with the early history of Maryland, not belonging to any other office.

Sec. 6. The qualified voters of Worcester County shall on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November, in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, and every two years thereafter, elect a Wreck-Master for said County, whose duties and compensation shall be the same as are now or may be hereafter prescribed by law; the term of office of said Wreck-Master shall commence on the first Monday of January next succeeding his election, and a vacancy in said office shall be filled by the County Commissioners of said County for the residue of the term.

ARTICLE VIII.

EDUCATION.

Section 1. The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, shall, by law, establish throughout the State a thorough and efficient system of free Public Schools; and shall provide by taxation or otherwise, for their maintenance.

Clark v. Md. Institute, 87 Md. 661.

Sec. 2. The system of Public Schools, as now constituted, shall remain in force until the end of the first session of the General Assembly, and shall then expire, except so far as adopted or continued by the General Assembly.

Sec. 3. The School Fund of the State shall be kept inviolate, and appropriated only to the purposes of education.

ARTICLE IX.

MILITIA AND MILITARY AFFAIRS.

Section 1. The General Assembly shall make, from time to time, such provisions for organizing, equipping and disciplining the Militia, as the exigency may require, and pass such Laws to promote Volunteer Militia Organizations as may afford them effectual encouragement.

Sec. 2. There shall be an Adjutant-General appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. He shall hold his office until the appointment and qualification of his successor, or until removed in pursuance of the sentence of a court-martial. He shall perform such duties and receive such compensation or emoluments as are now or may be prescribed by law. He shall discharge the duties of his office at the seat of government, unless absent under orders, on duty;

and no other officer of the General Staff of the Militia shall receive salary or pay, except when on service and mustered in with troops.

Watkins v. Watkins, 2 Md. 341. McBlair v. Bond, 41 Md. 137.

Sec. 3. The existing Militia Law of the State shall expire at the end of the next session of the General Assembly, except so far as it may be re-enacted, subject to the provisions of this Article.

ARTICLE X.

LABOR AND AGRICULTURE.*

Section 1. There shall be a Superintendent of Labor and Agriculture elected by the qualified voters of this State at the first General election for Delegates to the General Assembly, after the adoption of this Constitution, who shall hold his office for the term of four years, and until the election and qualification of his successor.

Sec. 2. His qualifications shall be the same as those prescribed for the Comptroller; he shall qualify and enter upon the duties of his office on the second Monday of January next succeeding the time of his election; and a vacancy in the office shall be filled by the Governor for the residue of the term.

Sec. 3. He shall perform such of the duties now devolved by Law upon the Commissioner of Immigration, and the Immigration Agent, as will promote the object for which those officers were appointed, and such other duties as may be assigned to him by the General Assembly, and shall receive a salary of twenty-five hundred dollars a year; and after his election and qualification, the offices before mentioned shall

cease.

Sec. 4. He shall supervise all the State Inspectors of agricultural products and fertilizers, and from time to time shall carefully examine and audit their accounts, and prescribe regulations not inconsistent with Law, tending to secure economy and efficiency in the business of their offices. He shall have the supervision of the Tobacco Warehouses, and all other buildings used for inspection and storage purposes by the State; and may, at the discretion of the Legislature, have the supervision of all public buildings now belonging to, or which may hereafter be, erected by the State. He shall frequently inspect

*This Article expired by limitation.

such buildings as are committed to his charge, and examine all accounts for labor and materials required for their construction or repairs.

Sec. 5. He shall inquire into the undeveloped resources of wealth of the State of Maryland, more especially concerning those within the limits of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, which belong to the State, and suggest such plans as may be calculated to render them available as sources of

revenue.

Sec. 6. He shall make detailed reports to every General Assembly within the first week of its session, in reference to each of the subjects committed to his charge, and he shall also report to the Governor, in the recess of the Legislature, all abuses or irregularities which he may find to exist in any department of public affairs with which his office is connected.

Sec. 7. The office hereby established shall continue for four years from the date of the qualification of the first incumbent thereof, and shall then expire, unless continued by the General Assembly.

ARTICLE XI.

CITY OF BALTIMORE.

Section 1. The inhabitants of the City of Baltimore qualified by Law to vote in said city for members of the House of Delegates, shall on the fourth Wednesday of October, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, and on the same day in every fourth year thereafter, elect a person to be Mayor of the City of Baltimore, who shall have such qualifications, receive such compensation, discharge such duties, and have such powers as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and the term of whose office shall commence on the first Monday of November succeeding his election, and shall continue for four years, and until his successor shall have qualified; and he shall be ineligible for the term next succeeding that for which he was elected.

[Sec. 1. The inhabitants of the City of Baltimore qualified by Law to vote in said city for members of the House of Delegates, shall on the Tuesday after the first Monday of November, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and on the same day in every second year thereafter, elect a person to be Mayor of the City of Baltimore, who shall have such qualifications, receive such compensation, discharge such duties, and have

such powers as are now, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law; and the term of whose office shall commence on the first Monday of November succeeding his election, and shall continue for two years, and until his successor shall have qualified.]* Sec 2. The City Council of Baltimore shall consist of two branches, one of which shall be called the First Branch, and the other the Second Branch, and each shall consist of such number of members, having such qualification, receiving such compensation, performing such duties, possessing such powers, holding such terms of office, and elected in such manner, as are nów, or may hereafter be prescribed by Law.

Sec. 3. An election for members of the First and Second Branch of the City Council of Baltimore shall be held in the City of Baltimore on the fourth Wednesday of October, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven; and for members of the First Branch on the same day in every year thereafter; and for members of the Second Branch on the same day in every second year thereafter; and the qualification for electors of the members of the City Council shall be the same as those prescribed for the electors of Mayor.

[Sec. 3. An election for members of the First Branch of the City Council of Baltimore shall be held in the City of Baltimore on the Tuesday after the first Monday of November in every year; and for members of the Second Branch on the Tuesday after the first Monday of November eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and on the same day in every second year thereafter; and the qualification for electors of the members of the City Council shall be the same as those prescribed for the electors of Mayor.]+

Sec. 4. The regular sessions of the City Council of Baltimore (which shall be annual), shall commence on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall not continue more than ninety days, exclusive of Sundays; but the Mayor may convene the City Council in extra session whenever, and as often as it may appear to him that the public good may require, but no called or extra session shall last longer than twenty days, exclusive of Sundays.

Sec. 5. No person elected and qualified as Mayor, or as a member of the City Council, shall, during the term for which he was elected, hold any other office of profit or trust, created,

*Thus amended by ch. 123, Acts of 1898. By ch. 116, Acts of 1870, the term of Mayor was made two years; and by ch. 397, Acts of 1888, the day of election was set for the Tuesday after the first Monday in November.

†Thus amended by the Act of 1888, ch. 397.