borough-not of Loxfield. For this part, we have the following

From this assessment it will be seen that in the year 1295 Bibleham was the rich quarter of Mayfield. It may be noticed that some of the farms in the parish still bear the names by which they were known in that day, while others bear the names of the then owners. We have "William of Dodlesland" (Dudsland), "William of Haddeleghe" (Hadlow), "Ralph Saltere" (Salter's Green), "Beatrice, relict of Button" (Buttons), "Gilbert Huchon" (Huchens). And in the Bibleham quarter we have "Adam atte Cumbe" (Coomb), "Gilbert Meryweder" (Merryweather), "Peter of Chillehop" (Gillhope), "Isabel of Bayndenn" (Bainden), "Matilda of Byvylham" (Bibleham), "Henry Luggre" (Luggers Crouch).

In the year 1328, the first year of Edward III., parliament again voted a grant of a twentieth, on the king's return from an unsuccessful expedition to the north, to avenge the inroad made by the Scots under their famous leaders Randolph and Douglas. The writ for its collection in the county of Sussex, setting forth the depredations committed in the said invasion, is dated at Lincoln on the 23rd November, directed to William de North, and John at Sea. In this

roll the names of the inhabitants of the two towns of Mayfield and Wadhurst (except such as resided in the Manor of Bibleham) are taken conjointly. Among them we may notice " Walter Alwyne," who was in all probability the owner of " Aylwins," " Lawrence Horlegh," from whom probably the farm "Horleigh Green" took its name, "Isabella of Ludwele" (Loudwell Farm), "Nicholas le Mist" (the Mist), "James of Mouleshale" (Mousehall), "Richard of Bonehurst" (Bungehurst), and "William Dosy," the proprietor from whom probably "Doozes Farm" took its title.

It was, however, not only the proprietors of land who derived their name from their place of residence, for, throughout these rolls, and in other documents of the time, there are numerous instances of men in a humble rank of life being identified by their Christian name prefixed to some local object near which they lived; indeed the word "atte" seems in all cases to denote the dwelling-place. Personal appearance or peculiarities often gave a person a surname. The French article "le," which appears before many names, is taken generally to indicate either some personal quality or some trade or occupation. It was not until about the middle of the fourteenth century that family surnames were commonly used. Those on the lists of 1328 and 1332 have a decidedly more modern sound than those quoted in 1295, and among them are several still familiar to us, such as Baker, Fry, Stone, Wickens (spelled Wyckyn), Courthope, Collins (spelled Colyn) and others. To take the name Fry. We can trace its evolution from Symon Fre in 1295 to Simon Le Frie, and finally to John Le Frye in 1332. Buss, again, first appears as le Bousse, then as le Bussh. Taylor is spelled Taliur in the first roll, and later it appears in the more modern guise of Taillour.

VILLAT DE MAGHEFELD ET WADEHURST.

John le Cade, Thomas atte Cumbe, William le Cade, John Baker, Walter Aylwyne, Laurence de Horlegh, Andrew le Turnour, Hamon de Stonlegh, Relict of Thomas atte Pote, Henry de Wodeslonde, Robert Saptan, William Weneman, Robert Yerdherst, Isabella de Ludwelle, Simon Marchaunt, Simon le Frie, William Virgil, Rose Wevere, Gilbert Hucharm, John de Istede, Gilbert Scrymond, Nicholas le Mist, John Petuon, Howestote de Hodlegh, Margt. Sweting, John atte Welle, Adam de Courthope, James de Mouleshale, Thomas Brown, John Le Hurt, William de Tokinghersh, John Le Fransh, Walter Wabbe, Richard de Borgome, John de Wanebourne, Margt. . . . otasfeld, John . . . . ., William Le Hert, Peter Taillour, Robert de Bonewater, William Rikeward, Alice de Everesfeld, Gilbert atte Lymene, William le Bussh, Gilbert Curtais, Simon de Istede, William de Haddelegh, John Wykyn, Christiana Boton,

D

John le Bakere, Robert Cade, Robert Hamond, Thomas le Mist, Relict of Princle, John le Turnour, Isabel de Lockesford, Simon Cole, Peter le Bothe, Matilda de Aylardenne, Matthew Cade, Relict of le Erl, William de Boghaldebrugh, Stephen Donngate, Juliana de Mouleshale, John atte Halle, William Pilcher, Peter Oderne, John Pilcher, Geoffrey Shorfam, Robert Carpenter, Richard de Bonehurst, Agnes de Arlegh, Agnes atte Water, Henry Cok.

The sum total amounted to £9. Juliana de Mouleshale seems to have been the richest lady in the parish, as her proportion of this sum amounted to 8s. Next comes John Petuon who paid 6s. 3d. James de Mouleshale and John (name illegible) paid 68.; while John le Cade paid 4s. 63d., and William le Cade 4s. 3d. Matilda de Aylardenne was another well-to-do lady who paid 5s. 6d. The lowest sum at which anyone was assessed was 6d.*

For Bibleham quarter we find these names in the same subsidy :

VILLAT: DE BYVELHAM.

Godfrey Waleis, John Alecok, William atte Forde, Walter atte Ree, William Dosy, John atte Hegheton, Gilbert de Wenebourne, Gilbert de Shotingherst, Richard de Bonesherst, Adam atte Combe, Walter atte Rea, Robert de Sharndene, John atte Forde, Richard atte Forde, Stephen atte Re, Peter Guliot, Stephen de Cumden, Robert atte Newehose, Robert atte Shotingherst, Walter Burdon, John de Beniden, Simon de Cumden.

The total sum amounted to 50s. 01d.; Godfrey Waleis, the Lord of the Manor of Bibleham, paid 7s. 2d.; Robert de Sharnedene came next, paying 5s. ; Adam atte Combe and Stephen de Cumden paid 3s.; and the lowest assessment was 71d.

The same plan was pursued in collecting the subsidy of 6 Edw. III. (1332), a subsidy of one-tenth, which the King demanded under pretence of certain troubles in Ireland, but in reality to furnish an expedition into Scotland, which kingdom he immediately invaded.

VILLAT: DE WADEHERST ET MAGHEFELD.

Elizota de Hothlegh, Laurence de Courtehope, William Palmer, Robert Halpeny, William Beghildebrugg, Stephen Downgate, Peter Oderne, Adam de Rysdenne, Roger de Beregg, Agnes atte Watere, William Lyghtfote, William Denays, John de Waneburn, John le Hourt,

* Rot. Pat. 24 Edw. I. No. 22. Lay subsidies 189, 1; and Rot. Pat. 1 Edw. III. p. 3, m. 18, Cedul. Lay subs., 189, 3.

Christian Pulcher, Matilda Mapelherst, John de Betesfeld, Richard atte Halle, Richard Oderne, John Pulcher, John Colyn, James de Mouleshale, Alice de Tokyngersh, William Walays, Matilda de Aillardenne, Thomas Brown, Henry Dodeslond, William le Hert, William le Bousse, Peter le Beche, John de Yerdherst, William Deneman, Laurence de Horlegh, Robert Setter, Alan Sage, Robert de Sapertone, Richard Phyrlok, John Cade, Gilbert de Eversfeld, John Gilberd, Hamon de Stonlegh, Simon de Isted, John de Isted, William le Red, Gilbert atte Lymene, Simon Wevere, Simon Wolfan, Robert Cade, John Wilkyn, William Cade, William Lepard, Nicholas le Mist, Thomas Pryncle, Gilbert Huchon, Isabel Virgyle, John le Hert, John le Frye, Julia Serymond, Robert Carpenter, John Cade, John Ponte, Peter le Tayllur, Alice de Eversfeld, John de Nywenham, Richard le Reg, Gilbert Curtays, Robert de Yerdhurst, Robert Hamon, Richard le Cade, Robert le Coche, William de Bayndenne, Isabel Virgile, James atte Venele, Matthew Cade, Margery Swetyng, John atte Welle, Laurence de Wanebourn, Richard atte Frythe, Alexander de Arlegh, William Henry, Gilbert Coggere, Richard Burdon, John de Muleshale, Thomas atte Red, William de Leveselegh, William le Kent, Laurence le Bont, Laurence atte Erowe, Relict of Steld, Relict of Chomcele, Roger Gregory, William de Crouherst, Robert de Berklegh, Robert de Berklegh junior, Laurence atte Wode, Relict of John atte Pelle, Laurence Saunere, Relict of Colet, John le Cat, John Martyn, Nicholas Pilcher, Elya atte Melle, William de Beregy, Walter Cokerel, Alan le Wayte, Zabar Sutor, Reginald de Beteryndenne, John Chyllye.

The sum raised was £9 10s. 3d.

The rolls containing the grants of fifteenths and tenths, in the 8th and 10th Edw. III. (1334 and 1336), made with the view of forwarding the King's designs upon Scotland, do not enumerate the names of individuals, but only give the gross amounts of taxation for each parish or township, and in this case for the townships of Mayfield and Wadhurst jointly the amount was in both instances £12.*

It was while Robert de Winchelsea was Archbishop of Canterbury that King Edward I. three times visited Mayfield. The accounts of that monarch's journeys are preserved among the rolls and documents formerly in the Tower of London, now at the Record Office. They show that, during a tour in Sussex, he came to "Maghefeld" on May 30th, 1297, and again on the 22nd of June, in 1299; when a fee of 12d. was given to the messenger of Sir Thomas de Burgherse (Burwash) returning to his lord with letters of the King. To the Clerk of the Kitchen, by the hands of Alan de Goldesburgh, saucemaker, at Maghefeld, the sum of 6s. was paid.

* Suss. Arch. Colls. Vol. XXI.

(The salsarius, or saucemaker, was the officer in the king's kitchen, whose duty it was to provide all condiments and spices, delivering each article out by weight, and standing by the mortar while they were duly pounded.) The opportunity was also taken to levy fines for short weights. The entry stands thus :

"From the vill of Maghefeld, in fine for the transgression of their measures, and for other transgressions, by the hand of Nicholas Hammond, at Maghefeld, June 22nd, 68. 8d.; from Thomas Gaynard and Walter Cosbyn, bakers, Mayfield, a fine, found in the deficiency of their bread, 6s. 8d."

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(This Walter Cosbyn is probably the same man as is mentioned among the inhabitants of Mayfield who were taxed in 1296, under the name of Walter Pistor, as Pistor means "baker.") Wadhurst also had fines imposed at the same time. The 22nd of June being the feast of St. Alban, according to the Roman Calendar, the king gave offerings at a chantry or chapel, dedicated to St. Alban, which was attached to the church. These offerings amounted to 7s.

On June 28th, 1303, during his last journey in Sussex, Edward I. again paid a visit to Mayfield, and travelled on the next day to Goudhurst and Lamberhurst. Some curious information can be gleamed from these records of customs prevalent, and of prices of various articles at this time. Thus, when Edward went on from Mayfield to Uckfield, we find this entry :

"To the clerk of the pantry, for his office, for 82 gallons of beer, bought from Arnald de Ukfeld, the host of the king there, the same day 68. 10d."

(Beer was then made from any grain, and served at table fresh spiced with pepper and other condiments; it would not keep, hops being then unknown.)

A hundred gallons of beer cost 8s. 4d.; 7 sheep, 10s. 4d.; 1 ox, 9s.; oats, 2s. 6d. per quarter; a grey mule fetched 30s. While the King was at Chichester, buying the new harness, and mending some old, cost 278. Faggots and litter cost 3s. 8d., and grass 4s. 7d. To a steward for 12 days' expenses, "going and returning" (in fact his travelling expenses for 12 days), 2s. The King's dogs, which are numerous, were rated at d. a day each for their keep. Six ells of English russett, at 2s. the ell, were supplied from the royal wardrobe to "William de Rude, the King's foxhunter, going to Sussex by order of the King." He took with him 9 greyhounds and 2 helpers. In another place, 27 deerhounds, 23 harriers, 3 beagles, 20 stag