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present sites for the purposes of the institutions, nor as to the possible advisability of changing them, either for the purpose of securing more salubrious locations, or to secure, either in connection with greater salubrity or not, buildings of modern construction and designed for their present use. The subject, in some instances, might be considered with possible advantage, but is left to be studied by the proper parties in connection with the general modification of charity administration in this District, if there be any.

It has not been possible to fix standards of necessary accommodations which would be applicable to all places. The necessities of institutions of the same character as the two foundling asylums inspected vary with the methods of management. Where in the accompanying statements opinions have been expressed, they have been formed after consideration of the particular circumstances of the case to which they have reference. When measurements of air space are not given, it is because they are so manifestly sufficient as to render it unnecessary to take or record them. Wherever the capacity of a room in this respect is given, it may aid in the proper appreciation of its significance to remember that the standard capacity for sleeping apartments, as fixed in this District by regulation, is 400 cubic feet for each occupant over 10 years of age, and that the standard capacity for school rooms, which may be said to be recognized though not fixed by regulation, is 250 cubic feet. In all cases, however, the matter of air space is so correlated to ventilation that the two must be considered together. None of the institutions inspected have any provision for artificial ventilation. Most of them depend entirely upon the adjustment of windows and doors. Of course in those heated by hot air the method of heating has some effect in ventilating; but this beneficial effect is, to a certain extent at least, offset by the character of the air furnished and, when the institution is large, by the number of furnaces needed.

The number of bath tubs and the extent of the water-closet accommodation will also vary with the character and customs of the institution, and their sufficiency must be judged accordingly. The necessity for a supply of hot water for bathing purposes seems to have been lost sight of, in almost every instance, in installing boilers. For most institutions, and certainly for those where the inmates are to a great extent transients, the rain or needle bath offers great advantages over the tubs now in use. In every place where boys or men are accommodated urinals would afford desirable accessories to the closet accommodations.

Wherever the number of beds is given, single beds are meant unless otherwise indicated.

Finally, it is not pretended that every trifling defect in cleanliness, plumbing, or other sanitary feature has been recorded in the accompanying statements; some, of minor importance, which could be easily and cheaply remedied, have been brought to the attention of the

responsible parties for correction, and others have, possibly, been overlooked; but note has been made, it is believed, of all defects and conditions bordering upon the defective whose importance would justify their inclusion in this report.

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This institution is located on Thirty-second street extended. occupies two brick buildings, each so located as to receive light and air from all sides, heated by steam by direct radiation, lighted by gas and connected with the public water service. No public sewer is available for their accommodation. The old building has no fire escape, but has two stairways; the new building has a fire escape and one stairway; neither has means for extinguishing a fire should one occur.

The main building, the greater portion of which was the Georgetown poorhouse before being used for its present purpose, consists of two stories and basement. In the basement are located the laundry, carpenter shop for manual training, and the boys' play room. The laundry

is provided with stationary tubs and a steam drier. In the play room is a tank constructed of brick and cement, used as a bath tub. The usual troughs for washing are located here.

The parlor, dining rooms, kitchen, pantry, schoolroom, and a washroom are located on the first floor. The schoolroom is well lighted, has 206 cubic feet air space per pupil, and depends for ventilation on the adjustment of windows and doors.

On the second floor is a reading room for the use of the boys and another schoolroom. The sleeping apartments of the matron, carpenter, and administrative force generally are also located upon this floor. Two rooms are here set apart for the use of sick inmates, which can, by crowding, be made to accommodate 4 beds; they are, however, without water or sewer connections and without available room for the use of the nurse.

There are in this building three dormitories, one upon the first and two upon the second floor, containing 35, 30, and 16 occupants each, with 361, 539, and 285 cubic feet air space per occupant, respectively. The ventilation of two of these rooms depends entirely upon the proper adjustment of doors and windows; the other has ventilators through the ceiling. A child of the cook and another of the nurse, who are counted among the inmates of the institution, sleep in the apartments with their mothers.

The second building, sometimes called the cottage, is smaller and of

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more modern construction. It consists of two stories and cellar. cellar is used for storage purposes only. On the first floor are the sewing room, music room, girls' play room, and one sleeping room for attend

ants. On the second floor is a small storeroom, a room for the matron, and three dormitories. These dormitories contain 322, 233, and 259 cubic feet air space per occupant, and accommodate altogether 29 inmates.

The plumbing throughout the institution is mostly of old pattern and is in many places defective. While it has no connection with the public sewer, the extent of the local drainage system is sufficient to render it important that proper precautions be observed in its construction. The sewage, except the contents of privies, is drained into a small stream flowing through the premises and disposed of without nuisance. The contents of privies are applied to the cultivated land.

The grounds comprise about 17 acres, most of which is under cultivation. On them are located greenhouses, a boiler house, a stable, a milk house, and a very primitive privy. They also contain a pond of water, in which the boys bathe and swim during warm weather.

The general cleanliness of the institution was fair.

The capacity of the institution, as estimated by the superintendent, is 125, with an executive force of 11. The ages of inmates vary from 5 to 15 years. There were present at the time of inspection 83 boys and 29 girls. They are not provided with individual towels, combs, hairbrushes, or toothbrushes.

The main building of this institution is an ancient dilapidated structure not at all adapted to the purposes for which it is used. Taken as a whole, it is poorly lighted, ventilated, and heated. The plumbing is defective and entirely devoid of those conveniences which an institution of this character should have. It is gratifying to know, therefore, that an appropriation is now available for a building to replace this one, and that the work of construction will be commenced in the spring. In the main building as it now exists, the only facility for the bathing of the inmates is the brick pit in the basement. This part of the building is cold and damp, poorly ventilated, and without means of heating, so that, while warm water is available, proper attention can hardly be given to the cleanliness of the person with such facilities. The bathing accommodations for the administrative force consist of a single tub located on the second floor, in the same room as the water-closet. the cottage used by the girls there is but a single bath tub and one water-closet. It is needless to say, therefore, that the bathing and closet facilities are inadequate.

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR RELIEF OF DESTITUTE COLORED WOMEN AND CHILDREN.

This institution is located in a substantial, modern brick building at the terminus of Eighth street extended. Its location insures free access of light and air from all sides. It contains a subbasement, basement,

and two upper stories. It is heated throughout by hot air, lighted by gas, connected with the public sewer and water main. It is without fire escape or means of extinguishing a fire, but has 4 stairways.

In the subbasement are located 3 furnaces, 2 others being located on the floor above. The laundry, kitchen, pantries, dining room for children, carpenter shop for manual training, and room for the janitor are located in the basement. The parlor, waiting room, private dining room, and other offices are upon the first floor.

There are located in the basement 5 rooms, occupied by aged women, all provided with heat from the furnaces by means of registers, and ventilated through the windows and doors; a somewhat unreliable method of ventilation when the character of the occupants is considered. The single water-closet upon this floor, available for the use of the occupants of these rooms, is accessible only through one of the bed

rooms.

The schoolrooms, of which there are 2, are located upon the first floor, 1 accommodating 50 pupils and the other 42, each being well lighted and ventilated. These are used only for the inmates of the institution. A sewing room located upon the first floor is similarly well provided for. A kindergarten room may be said to be in the same condition, but is heated by a stove instead of by the furnaces.

There are 5 dormitories, 1 being located upon the first floor and 4 upon the second. These rooms are all of sufficient size, well ventilated, and, with a single exception, properly lighted.

On the top floor is located a small room containing 2 beds and used as a sick ward. It is provided with sewer connections, but is without proper water supply. A small room used as a morgue adjoins it.

There is 1 water-closet in the basement, already mentioned, accessible only through a bedroom, 3 upon the first floor, 3 upon the second, and 4 in the yard. There are 2 bath tubs on the first floor and 2 upon the second. The plumbing is generally of modern construction and in good condition.

The yard is large and properly graded and drained.

The cleanliness of the establishment was excellent throughout.

This institution accommodates 100 children, 10 aged women, and an administrative force of 15. It contained at the time of inspection 61 boys and 38 girls, of ages varying from 2 to 12 years, and 9 women, each having individual towels, but without toothbrushes, and using combs and hairbrushes in common.

From a sanitary standpoint this institution may be said to be generally in good condition. Convenience of administration would, however, be facilitated by the introduction of steam or hot water as a means of heating, and at the same time reducing the number of furnaces. It is to be regretted that there is no proper accommodation for the inmates, either the aged women or children, during the day. The provision of proper sitting or assembly rooms would facilitate the ventilation and

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supervision of the sanitary condition of the bedrooms. The bathing facilities are insufficient for the number of persons to be accommodated-4 bath tubs for 125 persons.

At the time of inspection some of the plumbing was being remodeled and an area way constructed along the north wall, so as to prevent dampness in the carpenter shop in the basement.

WASHINGTON HOSPITAL FOR FOUNDLINGS.

This institution, an infant asylum pure and simple, is located at No. 1715 Fifteenth street NW. It consists of a well-built two-story and basement brick building, heated throughout by steam by direct radiation and lighted by gas, and two small frame buildings, one of which is used as a laundry and the other as a morgue. All of these buildings are connected with the public sewer and water main.

The institution is not provided with fire escapes or means of extinguishing a fire should one occur. It has, however, in addition to a stairway within the building, another one, though of wood, on the outside.

In the basement of the main building are located the linen room, boiler room, janitor's bedroom, coal vaults, kitchen, pantry, dining room, storerooms, and one room used for drying clothes during inclement weather. The basement is provided with a good cement floor, well lighted, and properly drained. On the first floor are located an office, parlor, rooms for the matron and head nurse, 3 bath rooms, 4 waterclosets, and a room in which the milk is kept, which may properly be denominated the milk room. The remainder of the first floor is taken up by a ward containing 16 cots, having an average allowance of air space of 894 cubic feet. Adjoining the ward is an inclosed porch for the use of the children during inclement weather. In addition to the 16 windows and 3 doors available for ventilation, 2 large ventilators have been provided. There is a large stove in the ward, for use during those periods of the year when it is not necessary to maintain steam heat throughout the building, but when it is desirable that some artificial warmth be provided during the morning or evening or upon occasional chilly days.

On the second floor are located 5 nurses' rooms, 1 general ward and 1 ward for the purpose of isolation. There are also upon this floor 2 bathrooms and 2 water closets in connection with the general service of the hospital, and 1 water-closet in connection with the isolation ward. The general ward contains 19 cots, adjoining which and extending the length of the room is an inclosed porch, similar to that described in connection with the ward on the first floor. The average air space for each cot is 640 cubic feet. The ventilation is similar to that in the ward upon the first floor, and a corresponding arrangement is made for supplying artificial warmth during the months of fall and

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