by descent, ii, 208.

of chattels by occupancy, ii, 400.

by custom, ii, 422.

by succession, ii, 430.

by marriage, ii, 433.

by gift, grant and contract, ii, 440.

by bankruptcy, ii, 471.

by testament and administration, ii, 489.

regulated by law of domicil, ii, 387, n.

by judgment, ii, 436.

of honor, descent to daughters, ii, 216.
courtesy of, ii, 126, n.

Toft, ii, 19.

of plea, iii, 312.

Treason, appeal of, iv, 314.
misprision of, iv, 120.
petit, iv, 75, 203.

trials in, iv, 351, 440.

compassing, &c., death of king, iv, 76.
how far words treasonable, iv, 80.
violating king's companion, &c., iv, 81.
levying war, ib.

adhering to enemies, iv, 82.
counterfeiting king's seal, iv, 83, 89.
counterfeiting king's money, iv, 84.
slaying chancellor or judges, ib.
treason since 1 Mary, c. 1, iv, 87.

for securing protestant succession, iv, 89
punishment of, iv, 92, 93.

Treasure trove, i, 295.

concealment of, i, 297; iv, 121.

Treasurer, lord high, iii, 44, 56.

killing of, iv, 84.

Treaties, leagues and alliances, i, 257.

Trebucket, iv, 169.

Trees, right to cut, ii, 34, n., 281.

destroying, &c., iv, 247.
stealing, iv, 233.

Tresayle, iii, 186.

Trespass, signification of, iii, 208.

what constitutes, iii, 209.

what property in land requisite to main
tain, iii, 209.

when justifiable, iii, 212.

cured by right of entry and freehold, iii,
213.

regulations as to costs in, iii, 214, 401.
vi et armis, iii, 120, 209.
merged in felony, when, iv, 6.
malicious, offence of, iv, 247.
ab initio, iii, 15, 151, n.. 213.
Trespass on the case, iii, 122, 212.
Trial, what it is, iii, 329.

seven species of, iii, 330.

by record, ib.

by inspection, iii, 331.

by certificate, when allowed, iil, 883.
by witnesses, iii, 335.
notice of, iii, 356.
countermand of, ib.
locality, iii, 383.

in criminal cases, iv, 342, 411.

new, iii, 387; iv, 361, 438.

by ordeal, iv, 342, 414, 425.

by battle, iii, 105, 337, 346, 418, 421, 424.
Triennial elections, i, 189.

parliaments, i, 153.

Trinity, denial of, iv, 50.

Trinoda necessitas, i, 263, 357; ii, 102.
Triors, lords, iv, 262, 263.
Triors of jurors, iii, 263.
Triplicatio, iii, 310.

Trithing, i, 116.

Triverbial days, iii, 424.

Trover, action of, iii, 152; iv, 363.
Truce breakers, iv, 68.

conservators of, iv, 69.

Trustees of charities, &c., jurisdiction of
equity in regard to, iii, 427, n.

Trusts, ii, 327 et seq., 336.

jurisdiction over, iii, 431, 439.

when cognizable, ib.

of lands, must be manifested by writing,
ii, 306, 337.

estates of trustees and cestui que trust, il,
337.

curtesy of, ii, 127, n., 132, n.
merger of, ii, 337, n.

Tub-man in the exchequer, iii, 28.

Tumultuous petitioning, i, 143; iv, 147.
Turbary, common of, ii, 34.
Turnips, stealing, iv, 233.
Turnpikes, destroying, iv, 145.
Tutor, i, 306, 453, 460.

Twelve tables, laws of, i, 80.
Tyranny, i, 126, 133.

Ubiquity of the king, i, 270.
Udal right, ii, 45.

Ultra vires, i, 480.

Umpire. iii. 16.

Unanimity of jurors, iii, 376; iv, 414.

Uncertainty of legal proceedings, iii, 326.

Uncore prist, iii, 303.

Underlease, iii, 176, 327.

Under-sheriff, i, 345.

Underwood, stealing, iv, 233.

injuring. &c., iv, 247.

Union of England and Scotland, i, 98.

of Great Britain and Ireland, i, 99, n.;

iv, 427, 440.

Unitarians, iv, 50, n.

United States of America.

University, study of law in, i, 16, 26–37.

burgesses of, i, 174.

courts of, i, 83; iii, 83, iv, 277.

nature of, i, 26, 37, 471.

certificate of chancellor of, iii, 335.
copyright of, ii, 407.

right of to benefices, iii, 241.

Unknown persons, larceny from, iv, 236,359.
Uses, invention of, ii, 271.

and trusts, ii, 137, 271, 327 et seq.; iii, 52.
statute of, ii, 332; iv, 430.

springing, shifting and resulting, ii, 334.
what not executed by statute of, ii, 335.
continued as trusts, ii, 336.

estates of trustee and cestui que trust, ii,
837.

forms of conveyances, ii, 337.

resulting, rebutted by parol, ii, 364, n.

deeds to lead, declare or revoke, ii, 339,
363.

in equity, ii, 43.

Usura maritima, ii, 458.
Usurpation of patronage, iii, 242.
remedy for, iii, 243.

of franchise or office, iii, 262.
Usury, ii, 454 et seq.; iv, 116, 156.
Usus fructus, ii, 327.

Uttering false money, iv, 89, 90.
forged notes, iv, 248, 250.

Vacancy of the throne, i, 212, 214.
Vacantia bona, i, 296, 299.
Vacant possession, iii, 202.
Vacating records, iv, 128.
Vacations of court, iii, 276.
sittings in, iii, 278, n.
Vadium, ii, 157.
Vagabonds, iv, 169.
Vagrants, iv, 170.
harboring, ib.

in criminal cases, iv, 305.
Valor beneficiorum, i, 285.
maritagii, ii, 70, 88.

Valuable consideration, ii, 297.
Valvasors, i, 403.

Variance, amendment of, iii, 393 n.

Vassal, ii, 45 et seq.

(See "Feudal System.")

the word, ii, 53, n.

Vendor's lien, ii, 158, n.

Venire de novo, when awarded, iii, 394.

Venire facias, iii, 351, 357.

teste and return of, iii, 353.

when it issues to coroners or elisors, iii,
354.

Ventre inspiciendo, writ de, i, 456.

Ventre sa mere, children in, i, 180; ii, 169.
Venue, how to be laid, iii, 293; iv, 305.
changing, iii, 293, 384.

in criminal cases, iv, 304.
Verberation, iii, 120.
Venderors, iii, 71, 72.
Verdict, iv, 360, 457.

false, iii, 402; iv, 140.

in action, indictment on, iv, 302, n.
must be unanimous, iii, 375.

plaintiff must be present at delivery of,
iii, 376.

privy verdict, ib.

public, iii, 377.

special, ib.

formerly reversed by writ of attaint, iii,
888.

what omissions aided by, iii, 394.
Verge, tenant by, ii, 148.

Verge of the court, iii, 76; iv, 276.
Verification, iii, 313.

Vert, venison, and covert, injury to, iii, 71.
Vesting of estates, ii, 168, 174.

of legacies, ii, 513.
Vesture of land, ii, 34, n.
Vetitum namium, iii, 148.
Veto, i, 184, n., 185, n.
Vicar, i, 384; ii, 318 et seq.
(See "Tithes.")

Vicarages, i, 387; iv, 428.

Vice-admiralty court, iii, 69.

Vice-chancellors, iii, 55, n., 426, n.

Vice-warden of the stannaries, court of, iit,

80, n.

Vicineto, jury de, iii, 385.
Vicontiel writs, iii, 238.
Vidames, i, 403.

View, iii, 299, 358.

of frankpledge, iv, 279.

Viewers, appointment of jurors for, iii, 858.
Vill, i, 114.

Villeins, ii, 92; iv, 420.

enfranchisement of, ii, 94.
waste of, ii, 282.

Villenage, ii, 53, 61, 89, 92, 98.
Villeinous judgment, iv, 136.
Vinculo divorcia, iii, 94.

Vindicatory part of a law, i, 56–59.
Viner's foundation, i, 27.

Violating the queen, &c., i, 222, 228; iv, 81.
forcible. (See "Rape.")
Violent presumption, iii, 371.
Viscount, i, 398.

Visitor, i, 480.

of civil corporations, i, 481.

of eleemosynary corporations, 1, 482.
of lay corporations, i, 480.

power of, i, 483.

Virgin Mary, a civilian and canonist, i,
21.

Visitation books of heralds, iii, 105.

Visne, iii, 294; iv, 350.

Viva voce examination in equity, iii, 373.
Vivum vadium, ii, 157.

Void and voidable, ii, 291, 325, 432.
Voir dire, iii, 332.

Voluntary conveyances,

and void, ii, 296.

escape, iii, 415; iv, 130.
jurisdiction, iii, 66.

manslaughter, iv, 191.
oaths, iv, 137.

Voucher, iii, 300.

when fraudulent

Wapentakes, i, 116.

War, articles of, i, 415, 417.

levying against the king, iv, 81.

War and peace, right of making, i, 257.
Ward by constables, &c., i, 356; iv, 292, 426
Wards and liveries, court of, iii, 258.
Wardship, ii, 52, 67, 87, 97.

in chivalry, iv, 418, 420, 421.

Warlike stores, embezzlement of, iv, 101.
Warrant, 1, 137

arrest by, iv, 290.

arrest without, iv, 292, 293.

Warrant of attorney, iii, 397.
Warrantia chartæ, iii, 300.

Warranty, express and implied, ii, 300; iii,

165.

lineal and collateral, ii, 301.

present effect of, ii, 302, 303, n.
on exchange, ii, 323.

Warranty of goods, ii, 451 and n.
on exchange of goods, ii, 446, n.
Warren, ii, 417.

robbery of, iv, 235.

in disguise, iv, 144.

beasts and fowls of, ii, 38.
Waste, ii, 185, 281 et seq.; iii, 223.
voluntary or permissive, ii, 281.

by tenant in tail, ii, 115; iii, 223.

by tenant in tail after possibility, &c., ii,

125.

of villeins, ii, 282.

who may sue for, iii, 244.

injunction to stay, ii, 282, n., iii, 227, 442.
writ of, iii, 227.

action on the case in nature of, iii, 229, n.
estates without impeachment of, ii, 122, n.
by stranger, tenant may be held liable for,
iii, 229, n.

Waste lands, ii, 14, 90.
Watch, i, 356; iv, 292, 426.
Water, how described. ii, 18.

property in, ii, 18, 266, n., 402.
Water course, ii, 36, n., 266, n.
alluvion, &c., upon, ii, 261, n.
offences as to, iv, 167.

abatement of nuisances in, iii, 5, n.
Watermen overloading their boats, iv, 192.
plying on Sunday, iv, 64.
Water ordeal, iv, 342.

Way, right of, by grant, prescription, and
necessity, ii, 35.

remedy, when out of repair, ii, 36 and n.
obstruction of a nuisance, iii, 218.

action for obstruction, iii, 241.

Ways and means, committee of, i, 307.
Weights and measures, i, 274–277; iv, 275,
278, 424.

false, iv, 159.

Wells, property in, ii, 5.

Welsh mortgage, ii, 157, n.

Weregild, iv, 188, 313, 413.

West Saxon lage, i, 65; iv, 412.

Whales, royal fish, i, 223.

Wharfs, i, 264.

Whipping, punishment of, iv, 872, 877.

White rent, ii, 42.

Widow's chamber, ii, 518.

quarantine, ii, 135.

Wife, i, 433.

Wills, origin of, ii, 10, 12, 373, 489 et seq.;
iv, 424, 430.

jurisdiction over, ii, 491.

probate of, ii, 494, 507; iii, 98.

who may make, ii, 496 et seq., 502.
definition of, ii, 499.
codicil, ii, 500.

verbal or nuncupative, ii, 500, 514.
how avoided, ii, 502.
unofficious, ib.

appointment of executor, ii, 503.
jurisdiction over, iii, 95.

administration cum testamento annexo,
ii, 503.

of chattels, regulated by domicil, ii,

387, n.

payment, &c., of legacies, ii, 512, 513.
donatio mortis causa, ii, 514.

right of executor to residue, ii, 514.
alienation by devise, history of, ii, 373.
customary power of devising, ii, 367, 371,
n., 373.

devise of use, ii, 375.

devises to charity, &c., ib.

signature and attestation of, ii, 376, 501,
revocation of, ii, 376, 379, 502.
gifts to witnesses, ii, 377.
fraudulent devises, ii, 378.

land purchased after will made, ii, 379, n.
lapse of gifts, ii, 379, n., 513.

what words pass a fee, ii, 108, 120, n.
heir looms not devisable apart from free-
hold, ii, 429.

rules of construction, ii, 379.

(See Deed.")

implication of cross remainders in, ii, 381.
fraudulently obtained, ii, 431.

forgery of, iv, 249, 250.

Winchester measure, i, 274.

Witness to deed, advantages of open ex-
amination, ii, 373.

examination when abroad or unable to
attend, iii, 383, n.

for prisoners, iv, 359, 441.
their expenses, iv, 362.

two, when necessary, iii, 370; iv, 350.
recognizance to give evidence by, iv, 296.
Wittena-gemote, i, 148; iii, 37; iv, 412.
Women, appeals by, iv, 424.

and children, stealing or seduction of, iv,
209.

when guilty of clergyable offences, iv, 369.
jury of, iii, 362; iv, 395.

Wood, stealing, iv, 233.

burning, damaging, &c., iv, 246.
Woodmote, court of, iii, 71.

Wool, &c., transporting, iv, 154, 428.
Words, action for, iii, 123.

costs in action for, iii, 400.
treasonable, iv, 79.

of statutes must prevail, i, 81, 88.
Work house, iv, 371.

Wounding, iii, 121; iv, 208, 216.
Wreck, i, 291, 293; ii, 14, 409.
plundering, iv, 239, 304.

Writ, iii, 273.

close and patent, ii, 346.

of election to parliament, i, 177.
of peerage, i, 400.

of error, how differs from appeal, iii, 56.
when it lies coram nobis or vobis, iii,

classification of, as public and private, iii, 2.
private, termed civil injuries, ib.

public, called crimes and misdemeanors,

iv, 1.

how private wrongs redressed, iii, 2.
three several species of private wrongs,
iii, 3.

Year, ii, 140.

Year and day, i, 292, 297, 298; iii, 175.
in appeals of death, iv, 315, 335.

in murder, iv, 197, 306.

Year, day and waste, ii, 252; iv, 385.
Year books, i, 72.

Years, estate for, ii, 140.

(See "Estate.")

Yeoman, i, 406.

of the guard, i, 408.

York, custom of, on intestacy, ii, 517.
archbishop of, claimed precedence over
Canterbury, i, 404, n.