Agriculture of the United States in 1860, Volume 3U.S. Government Printing Office, 1864 - 292 halaman |
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ACRES OF LAND AGRICULTURE ammonia Animals slaughtered Asses and mules bales of 400 Barley Beeswax Buckwheat bush bushels in 1860 bushels Oats Butter Cane sugar Cash value cattle cent cheese chinery compared with 1850 Connecticut COUNTIES crop cultivation Delaware Dew rotted England exported farmers Farming implements Flax Flaxseed following table shows gallons Georgia Ginned cotton HEMP horses Illinois Improved increase Indian corn inhabitant Iowa Irish potatoes Jefferson Kentucky LIVE STOCK lons Manufactures manure Maple molasses Maple sugar Market-garden Michigan Milch cows Mississippi Missouri Ohio Orchard products oxen Pacific Peas and beans Pennsylvania plough pounds in 1860 prepared hemp produced proportion to population railroads raised Rhode Island sheep shows the amount shows the number Silk cocoons SLAVEHOLDERS AND SLAVES soil Sorghum molasses South Carolina southern superphosphate Sweet potatoes Swine Tennessee Territories tons Unimproved value of farms Vermont Virginia Washington Water rotted western wheat Wine Wool York
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Halaman 234 - ... and under 30 30 and under 40 40 and under 50 50 and under 60...
Halaman clxv - So great are their benefits that, if the entire cost of railroads between the Atlantic and western States had been levied on the farmers of the central west, their proprietors could have paid it and been immensely the gainers.
Halaman xxxviii - It was shown that the power to absorb alkaline substances did not exist in sand ; that the organic matters of the soil had nothing to do with it ; that the addition of carbonate of lime to a soil did not .increase its absorptive power for these salts ; and indeed that a soil in which carbonate of lime did not occur, might still possess in a high degree the power of removing ammonia or potash from solution, and it was evident that the active ingredient in all these cases was clay.
Halaman xxiii - for ye more speedy cutting of grass" was renewed for seven years, in May, 1655. The improvement consisted in making the blade longer and thinner, and in strengthening it at the same time by welding a square bar of iron to the back, as in the modern scythe, thus materially improving upon the old English scythe then in use, which was short, thick, and heavy, like a bush scythe.
Halaman cxxx - Ohio were not adapted to wheat-culture, and on the Scioto river much of the land was owned by immigrants from the south branch of the Potomac river, Virginia, where the feeding of cattle had been carried on for many years in a manner peculiar to that locality, and which materially differed from the mode practiced in Pennsylvania or further north. The cattle were not housed nor sheltered, but simply fed twice a day in open lots of...
Halaman xii - This gave new inducement to the invention and manufacture of agricultural implements. The Commissioner of Patents of that period states that "notwithstanding half a million of our agriculturists have been withdrawn from the farm to engage in military service, still the number of applications for patents on agricultural implements, including reapers, beehives, horse hayforks and horse hayrakes, has increased from 350 in 1861 to 502 in 1863.
Halaman cxxxii - ... half bushel per day each before starting to market; cattle that had no corn the previous spring were well grazed and fed from five to six months. Now, cattle handled as the former would begin to go to market by the 1st of July, and all or nearly all would be in market before the 1st day of January. Quite a common way of prosecuting the business now is to commence feeding the cattle in January or February, when less than three years old, on corn in limited quantities, substituting more fodder...
Halaman xii - ... step and suppleness of limb in the moil of the farm, which he once instinctively shunned as degrading, while he sought the lighter and more or less intellectual pursuits of the city. It has thus tended to elevate the pursuit of agriculture to its proper position in the social scale, as one of dignity and independence, and not one of mere physical toil, to be shared in common with the brute.
Halaman xxvii - Originally the cotton was separated from the seed with the fingers, and afterwards there were several contrivances used, among them the employment of a long bow fitted with a number of strings, which, being vibrated by the blows of a wooden mallet while in contact with a bunch of cotton, shook the seed and dust from the mass. In 1742 M. Dubreuil, a wealthy planter of New Orleans, invented a cleaning-machine, which was so far successful as to give quite an impulse to the cotton culture in Louisiana,...
Halaman xxxix - Scotland and Ireland are included in the above estimate ; but taking England by itself, the results are much more striking. That small country, which is no larger than a fourth of France, alone produces thirteen million quarters of wheat, six of barley, and twelve of oats. If France produced in the same ratio, her yield. deducting seed, would be fifty million quarters of wheat, and seventy of barley, oats, and other grain — equal to at least double her present production ; and we ought to obtain...