Hay and forage-Continued.

value, 700, 715; 1899-1919, 792, 794–795;
value of each kind, 792, 796–807;
average per acre, 702; 1899-1919, 792;
average per ton, 792, 796-807; 1899-
1919, 792; per cent of total value of
all crops, 702, 717; 1899-1919, 792;
in table for leading crops in each
state, 705-706.

Hemp, acreage, 1889-1919, 849; farms re-
porting and value, 849; leading states, 708;
production, 1879-1919, 849.

Hemp seed, acreage, farms reporting, pro-
duction, and value, 790; leading states,
708.

Hogs, see Swine.

Honey produced on farms, explanatory
text, 686.

farms reporting, 686, 687.

quantity, 649, 686, 687; 1849-1919, 650,
689; per cent distribution by states,
1879-1919, 688.

value, 649, 686, 687; 1899-1919, 650;
average per pound, 688.

Honey and wax produced on farms, value,
649, 651. See also Beeswax produced on
farms; Honey produced on farms.
Hops, acreage and production, 701; 1879-
1919, 850; farms reporting, 850; leading
states, 708; value, 701, 850.

Horse beans, acreage, farms reporting, pro-
duction, and value, 777; leading states,
708.

Horse-radish raised for sale, acreage, farms
reporting, and value, 820, 826.
Horses on farms, comparability of statistics,
522, 531, 532.

farms reporting, 522, 523–529, 532, 542,
633, 636; by age and sex, 533, 534–538.
number, 522, 530, 532, 633, 636; 1850-
1920, 533, 547; by age and sex, 531,
533, 534-538, 540-541, 614; average
per farm reporting, 522, 532, 542;
average per 1,000 acres of all land in
farms, 532; average per 1,000 acres of
improved land in farms, 532; leading
states, 533; per cent distribution by
age, 545; per cent distribution of age
groups by states, 545; per cent dis-
tribution by states, 1880-1920, 549.
number, by color and tenure, 197, 274-

value, by size of farm, 70, 113–118.
value, by tenure, 131, 181-184.
Horses, pure-bred (1920 only), explanatory
text, 633.

farms reporting, 633, 636; by breed and
sex, 633; per cent of all farms report-
ing horses, 636.

number, 633, 636; by breed and sex,
633, 637-638; by sex, 633, 636; per
cent of all horses, 633, 636.
Horses not on farms, inclosures reporting,
614, 615; in cities of 25,000 inhabitants
or more, 621-627.
number, 615; 1900-1920, 614; by age
and sex, 614, 618; in cities of 25,000
inhabitants or more, 621-627; per
cent of all horses, 628.
Horses on farms and not on farms, number,
629 by age and sex, 614, 630.

Horses, mules, and asses and burros on

farms, number, 532, 533, 539, 540–541;
1850-1920, 533, 546; average per
farm, based on all farms, 542; average
per 1,000 acres of all land in farms,
532, 542; average per 1,000 acres of
improved land in farms, 532, 542;
leading states, 533; per cent distribu-
tion by states, 545; 1880-1920, 549.
value, 532, 533, 539, 543; average per
head, 532, 533, 539.

See also Asses and burros on farms;
Horses on farms; Mules on farms.
Horses, mules, and asses and burros not on
farms, number, 618; 1900-1920, 614; in
cities of 25,000 inhabitants or more, 621-
627. See also Horses not on farms; etc.
Horses, mules, and asses and burros on
farms and not on farms, number, 630.
See also Horses on farms and not on farms;
etc.

Hungarian grass, explanatory text, 792. See
also Grasses, "other tame."

Implements and machinery, value, 24, 49;

1850-1920, 32, 33 (diagram), 50-55;
average per acre of all land in farms,
24; 1850-1920, 32, 59; average per
acre of improved land in farms, 24,
29, 31 (map); 1850-1920, 32; average
per farm, 24, 29; 1850-1920, 32, 57;
per cent distribution by states, 62;
per cent of value of all farm property,
24, 29, 29 (diagram); 1850-1920,
32, 61.

value, by color and tenure, 195, 224–
233; 1920 (detailed classification),
196 (for the South), 252-273; average
per acre, 196, 244-251; average per
farm, 196, 244-251; 1920 (detailed
classification), 252-273; per cent dis-
tribution by tenure, 195, 196 (for the
South), 234-243; per cent of value of
all farm property, 196.

value, by size of farm, 69, 88-93; average
per acre, 70, 94-100; average per
farm, 69, 94-100; per cent distribu-
tion, 69.

value, by tenure, 129, 153-157; 1920
(detailed classification), 130 (for the
South), 167-176; average per acre,
130, 163-166; average per farm, 130,
163-166; 1920 (detailed classification),
167-176; per cent distribution, 130,
130 (for the South), 158-162; per cent
of value of all farm property, 130.
See also Automobiles on farms; Motor
trucks on farms; Tractors on farms.
Improved land in farms, definition, 23.

acreage, 23, 24, 26, 27 (diagram), 28 (dot
map), 35; 1850-1920, 32, 32 (diagram),
38-43; 1880, 1910, and 1920, 36; aver-
age per capita, 1850-1920, 32; average
per farm, 23, 24, 65, 67 (map); 1850-
1920, 32, 47, 87; per cent in crops,
700, 701; 1879-1919, 702; per cent in
principal crops, 716; per cent distri-
bution by states, 35; 1850-1920, 44;
per cent of all farm land, 23, 24, 26;
1850-1920, 32, 33, 46; per cent of
total land area, 23, 24; 1850-1920, 32,
45; population per 1,000 acres, 1850-
1920, 33.

acreage, by color, average per farm, 295,
307; per cent distribution, 295.
acreage, by color and nativity, 304;

average per farm, 295, 307; per cent
distribution, 295, 304.

acreage, by color, nativity, and tenure,
295, 306.

Improved land in farms-Continued.
acreage, by color and tenure, 189, 193
(for the South), 204-213, 295; 1920
(detailed classification), 193 (for the
South), 214-223; average per farm, 189,
196, 204-213; 1920 (detailed classifi-
cation), 193 (for the South), 214–223;
per cent distribution by tenure, 189,
193 (for the South), 204-213; 1920
(detailed classification), 193 (for the
South); per cent of all farm land,
189, 204-213; 1920 (detailed classifi-
cation), 193 (for the South), 214–223.
acreage, by country of birth of foreign-
born white farmers, 315, 332-333.
acreage, by country of birth and tenure
of foreign-born white farmers, 316,
336-340 (geographic divisions only);
per cent distribution by tenure, 317.
acreage, by race of colored farmers, 298,

313.

acreage, by sex, average per farm, 346;
per cent distribution, 345.

acreage, by sex and tenure, 340, 343;
average per farm, 340; per cent dis-
tribution by sex, 340.

acreage, by size of farm, 65, 71-76; per
cent distribution, 66, 71-76; per cent
of all land in farms, 66, 71-76.
acreage, by tenure, 122, 143-147; 1920
(detailed classification), 127 (for the
South), 148-152; average per farm,
122, 123, 130, 143-147; 1920 (detailed
classification), 127 (for the South),
148-152; per cent distribution, 122,
123, 143-147; 1920 (detailed classifica-
tion), 127 (for the South); per cent
of all land in farms, 123, 143-147;
1920 (detailed classification), 127 (for
the South), 148–152; percentage oper-
ated by tenants, 128 (map).
Increase (net) in production of crops and in
price level, 1909 to 1919, 703.
Index of prices of crops for 1919, 704–705.
Indian farmers, number, 1900-1920, 293,
310; by tenure, 298, 311-312. See also
Improved land in farms, acreage, by
race of colored farmers; Land and build-
ings, value, by race of colored farmers;
Land in farms, acreage, by race of colored
farmers.

Japanese farmers, number, 1900-1920, 293,
310; by tenure, 298, 311-312. See also

Improved land in farms, acreage, by
race of colored farmers; Land and build-
ings, value, by race of colored farmers;
Land in farms, acreage, by race of colored
farmers.

Kafir and milo, acreage, 700, 732; 1899-1919,

732, 768, 769; average per farm re-
porting, 768, 770; per cent distribu-
tion by states, 770; per cent of total
crop acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 768; per
cent of total improved acreage, 701;
1899-1919, 768, 770.

farms reporting, 732, 768, 769; per cent
of all farms, 768, 770.
production, 700, 732; 1899-1919, 732,
768, 769; average per acre, 1899-1919,
768, 770; leading states, 708; per cent
distribution by states, 1899-1919, 770.
value, 700, 732, 769; 1899-1919, 732,
768; average per acre, 702; 1899-1919,
768; average per bushel, 770; 1899-
1919, 768; per cent of total value of all
crops, 702; 1899-1919, 768.

See also Kafir, sorghum, etc., for forage.
Kafir for forage, see Kafir, sorghum, etc.,
for forage.

Kafir, sorghum, etc., for forage (1919 only),

acreage and farms reporting, 792,
796-807.

production, 792, 796-807; average per
acre, 792, 796-807.

value, 792, 796-807; average per ton,
792, 796-807.

Kale raised for sale, acreage and farms report-
ing, 826; 1899-1919, 820; value, 820, 826.
Kumquats, production, 872; leading states,
708.

trees, 872; farms reporting, 872.
value, 872.

Labor, expenditures for, see Expenditures
(farm) for labor.

Lambs raised on farms (1919 only), explana-
tory text, 690.

farms reporting, 691, 692.

number, 691, 692; average per farm, 691,
692; per cent of all sheep on farms, 691.
Land alone, value, 24; 1900-1920, 48, 49;

average per acre of all land in farms,
24; 1900-1920, 58; average per farm,
24; 1900-1920, 56; per cent of value
of all farm property, 24, 29 (diagram);
1900-1920, 60.

value, by color and tenure, 194, 224-233;

1920 (detailed classification), 196 (for
the South), 269–273; average per acre,
196, 244-251; average per farm, 196,
244-251; 1920 (detailed classification),
252-873; per cent distribution by
tenure, 195, 196 (for the South),
234-243; per cent of value of all
farm property, 196.

value, by size of farm, 69, 88–93;
average per acre, 70, 94-100; average
per farm, 69, 94-100; per cent dis-
tribution, 68, 69.

value, by tenure, 129, 153–157; 1920
(detailed classification), 130 (for the
South), 167-176; average per acre,
130, 163-166; average per farm, 130,
163-166; 1920 (detailed classification),
167-176; per cent distribution, 130,
130 (for the South), 158-162; per cent
of value of all farm property, 130.
See also Land and buildings; Land in
farms, acreage.

Land and buildings, value, 24, 48; 1850–

1920, 32, 33 (diagram), 50-55; average
per acre of all land in farms, 24, 30
(map); 1850-1920, 32, 33 (diagram),
58; effect of pressure of population,
1850-1920, 33; average per farm, 24,
29; 1850-1920, 32, 56; per cent of
value of all farm property, 24, 29, 29
(diagram); 1850-1920, 32, 60; per cent
distribution by states, 62.

value, by color, average per farm, 295,
307; per cent distribution, 295.
value, by color and nativity, average
per farm, 295, 307; per cent distribu-
tion, 295, 309.

value, by color, nativity, and tenure,
295, 308-309.

value, by color and tenure, 194, 234-243,
295; 1920 (detailed classification), 196
(for the South), 252-273; average per
acre, 196, 234-243; average per farm,
196, 234-243; 1920 (detailed classifi-
cation), 252-273; per cent distribu-
tion by tenure, 195, 196 (for the
South), 234-243; per cent of value of
all farm property, 196.
value, by country of birth of foreign-
born white farmers, 315, 334-335.
value, by country of birth and tenure

of foreign-born white farmers, 315,
336-340 (geographic divisions only);
per cent distribution by tenure, 317.
value, by race of colored farmers, 298, 313.
88735-22-59

Land and buildings-Continued.

value, by sex, average per farm, 346;
per cent distribution, 345.
value, by sex and tenure, 340, 344; per
cent distribution by sex, 340.
value, by size of farm, 69, 101-106;
average per acre, 70, 101-106; average
per farm, 69, 101-106; per cent dis-
tribution, 69, 101–106.

value, by tenure, 129, 158-162; 1920
(detailed classification), 130 (for the
South), 167-176; average per acre,
130, 158-162; average per farm, 130,
158-162; 1920 (detailed classification),
167-176; per cent distribution, 130,
130 (for the South), 158-162; per cent
of value of all farm property, 130.
See also Buildings; Land alone.
Land area of the United States, 24, 35;
1850-1920, 32, 38-43; per cent distribu-
tion by states, 35; per cent in farms, 23, 24,
26 (map); 1850-1920, 32, 45; per cent rep-
resented by improved land, unimproved
land, and woodland in farms, 23, 24; 1850-
1920, 32, 45.

Land in farms (total), acreage, 23, 24, 26,

34; 1850-1920, 31, 32, 38-43; 1880,
1910, and 1920, 36; abandonment be-
tween 1910 and 1920, 29; average per
capita, 1850-1920, 32; average per
farm, 23, 24, 65, 67 (map), 68 (dia-
gram); 1850-1920, 32, 47, 66, 87; per
cent distribution by states, 35; 1850-
1920, 44; per cent improved, unim-
proved, and in woodland, 23, 24, 26;
1850-1920, 31, 32, 33, 46; 1880, 1910,
and 1920,46; per cent of total land area,
23, 24, 26 (map); 1850-1920, 32, 45.
acreage, by color, average per farm, 295,
307; per cent distribution, 294 (dia-
gram), 295.

acreage, by color and nativity, 304;
average per farm, 295, 307; per cent
distribution, 294 (diagram), 295, 304.
acreage, by color, nativity, and tenure,
295, 305.

acreage, by color and tenure, 189, 193
(for the South), 204-213, 295; 1920
(detailed classification), 193 (for the
South), 214-223; average per farm,
187, 189, 196, 204-213; 1920 (detailed
classification), 193 (for the South),
214-223; per cent distribution by
tenure, 189, 193 (for the South),
204-213; 1920 (detailed classification),
193 (for the South); per cent im-
proved, 189, 204-213; 1920 (de-
tailed classification), 193 (for the
South), 214-223; percentage oper-
ated by colored tenants, 192 (map);
percentage operated by white ten-
ants, 191 (map).

acreage, by country of birth of foreign-
born white farmers, 315, 330-331.
acreage, by country of birth and tenure
of foreign-born white farmers, 316,
336-340 (geographic divisions only);
per cent distribution by tenure, 317.
acreage, by race of colored farmers, 298,

313.

acreage, by sex, average per farm, 346;
per cent distribution, 345.
acreage, by sex and tenure, 340, 342;
average per farm, 340; per cent dis-
tribution by sex, 340.

acreage, by size of farm, 65, 71-76; per
cent distribution, 66, 71-76; per cent
improved, 66, 71-76.

acreage, by tenure, 122, 143-147; 1920
(detailed classification), 127 (for the
South), 148-152; average per farm,
122, 123, 130, 143–147; 1920 (detailed)
classification), 127 (for the South),

148-152; per cent distribution, 122,
123, 123 (diagram), 143-147; 1920 (de-
tailed classification), 127 (for the
South); per cent improved, 123,
143-147; 1920 (detailed classification),
127 (for the South), 148-152; percent-
age operated by tenants, 127 (map).
See also Improved land in farms; Un-
improved land in farms; Woodland
in farms.

Land not in farms, 27 (diagram); 1850-1920,
32 (diagram); uses, 23.

Leading crops in each state, acreage, pro-
duction, and value, 705, 706.
Leading states for each crop, 707–709.
Legumes (annual) cut for hay (1919 only),
acreage and farms reporting, 792,

796-807.

production, 792, 796-807; average per
acre, 792, 796-807.

value, 792, 796-807; average per ton, 792,
796-807.

See also Grains (small) and annual
legumes cut for hay.

Lemons, production, 701; 1899-1919, 872;
leading states, 708.

trees, 872; farms reporting, 872.
value, 701, 872.

Lettuce raised for sale, acreage and farms re-
porting, 826; 1899-1919, 820; value, 820, 826.
Limes, production, 1899-1919, 872; leading

states, 708.

trees, 872; farms reporting, 872.
value, 872.

Live stock on farms, definition, 519.

value, 24, 49, 519, 520; 1850-1920, 32,
33 (diagram), 50-55; average per acre
of all land in farms, 24, 31 (map), 521;
1850-1920, 32, 59; average per acre of
improved land in farms, 24; 1850-
1920, 32; average per farm, 24, 29,
521; 1850-1920, 32, 57; leading states,
519; per cent distribution by states,
62, 521; per cent of value of all farm
property, 24, 29, 29 (diagram); 1850-
1920, 32, 61.

value, by color and tenure, 195, 224-
233; 1920 (detailed classification), 196
(for the South), 252-273; average per
acre, 196, 244-251; average per farm,
196, 244-251; 1920 (detailed classifi-
cation), 252-273; per cent distribu-
tion by tenure, 195, 196 (for the
South), 234-243; per cent of value of
all farm property, 196.

value, by size of farm, 69, 88-93; aver-
age per acre, 70, 94-100; average per
farm, 69, 94-100; per cent distribu-
tion, 69.

value, by tenure, 129, 153–157; 1920
(detailed classification), 130 (for the
South), 167-176; average per acre,
130, 163-166; average per farm, 130,
163-166; 1920 (detailed classifica-
tion), 167-176; per cent distribution,
130, 130 (for the South), 158-162; per
cent of value of all farm property, 130.
See also Asses and burros on farms;
Bees on farms; Cattle on farms; Do-
mestic animals on farms; etc.

Live stock, pure-bred, see Pure-bred live
stock on farms.

Live stock sold or slaughtered on farms,
see Domestic animals sold or slaughtered
on farms.
Live-stock products of farms, quantity, by
classes, 649; 1849-1919, 650; value, 18;
by classes, 649, 651; 1899-1919, 650.
Loganberries (1919 only), acreage, farms re-
porting, production, and value, 851, 855;
leading states, 708. See also Raspber
and logan berries.

Loquats, production, 873; leading states, 708.
trees, 873; farms reporting, 873.
value, 873.

Machinery, value, see Implements and ma-
chinery.

Maize (milo), see Kafir and milo.
Managers, definition, 121, 187; number, 122,

127 (for the South), 132, 148-152,
354; 1900-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent
of all farmers, 122, 123, 123 (diagram),
127 (for the South), 132, 354; 1900-
1920, 124, 133–142.

by age and color, number, 350, 352 (for
the South), 355-374; per cent distri-
bution by age, 351, 353 (for the
South), 375-384; per cent of all farm-
ers, 351, 353 (for the South), 385–394.
by color, number, 189, 193 (for the
South), 214-223, 295, 298; 1900-1920,
191, 194 (for the South), 198-202;
per cent distribution, 295; per cent
of all farmers, 188 (diagrams), 189, 193
(for the South), 295; 1900-1920, 191,
194 (for the South), 203.
by color and nativity, number, 295,

300-301; per cent distribution, 295,
302; per cent of all farmers, 295, 303.
by country of birth (white only), num-
ber, 315, 322-329; per cent of all
farmers, 317.

by number of years on farm and color,
number, 404-405, 407-424; per cent
distribution by number of years on
farm, 405, 433-441; per cent of all
farmers, 405, 442-450.

by race (colored only), number, 298,
311-312.

by sex, number, 340, 341; per cent dis-
tribution, 340, 345.

See also Farm property, value, by ten-
ure; Land in farms, acreage, by
tenure; etc.

Mandarins, production and value, 1909, 872.
trees, 1910, 872; farms reporting, 1910,

872.

Mangoes, production, 873; leading states,
708.

trees, 873; farms reporting, 873.
value, 873.

Maple sugar and sirup, farms reporting, 847;
1899-1919, 846.

trees tapped, 846, 847; average per farm
reporting, 846, 847.

production (total) in terms of sirup,
1879-1919, 846, 847; leading states,
708; sirup, 1879-1919, 846, 848; sugar,
1879-1919, 846, 848.

value of sugar and sirup, 700, 847; 1899-
1919, 846; average per farm, 847; per
cent of total value of all crops, 1899-
1919, 846; sirup, 848; 1899-1919, 846;
sugar, 848; 1899-1919, 846; in table
for leading crops in each state, 705.
Marketing, cooperative, see Cooperative mar-
keting and purchasing by farmers.
Meat and meat products sold, see Cattle and
calves slaughtered on farms; Sheep
slaughtered on farms; Swine slaughtered
on farms.

Milk produced on farms, farms reporting, 657.
quantity, as reported, 654, 657, 658;
average per cow, 654, 657, 658.
quantity, including estimates, 654, 657;
1889-1919, 658.

Milk sold by farmers, farms reporting, 654,

666.

quantity, 649, 654, 656, 666; 1869–1919,

650, 668; per cent distribution by
states, 1879-1919, 670.
value, 649, 654, 665; 1899-1919, 650; av-
erage per gallon, 654; per cent of all
dairy products sold, 656.

Millet, explanatory text, 792. See also
Grasses, "other tame.'

Millet seed, farms reporting, 786, 788; pro-
duction and value, 700, 786, 788; leading
states, 708.

Milo maize, see Kafir and milo.

Mint (mint oil), acreage, production, and
value, 851; leading states, 708.
Mixed crops (1919 only), explanatory text,
772.

acreage, 700, 732, 772, 773; average per
farm reporting, 772, 773; per cent dis-
tribution by states, 773; per cent of
total improved acreage, 773.
farms reporting, 732, 772, 773.
production, 700, 732, 772, 773; average
per acre, 772, 773; leading states, 708;
per cent distribution by states, 773.
value, 700, 732, 772, 773; average per
acre, 772; average per bushel, 772, 773.
Mohair produced on farms, farms reporting,
672, 675.

production, 649, 672, 675; 1899-1919,
650, 672, 676; average per fleece, 675;
average per goat shorn, 675; per cent
distribution by states, 1899-1919, 675.
value, 649, 672, 675; 1899-1919, 650; av-
erage per pound, 675.

Mortgage debt on farms operated by full
owners, definition, 479.

amount of debt, 482, 482 (diagram);
1890, 1910, and 1920, 481, 489; average
per farm, 482; 1890, 1910, and 1920,
481, 490.

average rate of interest, 1920 and 1890,
481, 482, 493.

farms reporting, 482; 1890, 1910, and
1920, 481, 489.

ratio of debt to value, 483 (diagram);

1890, 1910, and 1920, 481, 482, 489.
value of mortgaged farms (land and
buildings), 482; 1890, 1910, and 1920,
481, 489; average equity per farm, 482;
1890, 1910, and 1920, 481, 490; average
value per farm, 482; 1890, 1910, and
1920, 481, 490.

Mortgage debt classified according to interest
rate (1920 only), amount of debt, 483,
492-493; per cent distribution, 483,
494.

annual interest charge, 483, 495.

farms reporting, 483, 491; per cent dis-
tribution, 483.

Mortgage debt classified according to value
of farm (1920 only), amount of debt, 483,
496 497; average interest rate, 483, 499;
per cent distribution, 483; ratio of debt to
value, 483, 498.

Mortgaged farms, text discussion, 479.

all owned farms mortgaged, number,
481, 487; 1890-1920, 480, 484-485; per
cent distribution by states, 488; per
cent of all owned farms, 481, 481
(diagram), 488; 1890-1920, 480, 480
(diagram), 486.

fully owned and partly owned farms
mortgaged, number, 481, 487; per
cent distribution by states, 488; per
cent mortgaged and free from mort-
gage, 481, 488.

See also Full owners, mortgaged and free,
by age and color; Mortgage debt; etc.
Motor trucks on farms (1920 only), farms re-
porting, 512, 514.

number, 512, 514; per 1,000 of all farms,
512.

Motor vehicles, see Automobiles; Motor
trucks; Tractors.

Mules on farms, comparability of statistics,
522, 531, 532.

farms reporting, 522, 523-529, 532, 542;
by age, 533, 534-538.

Mules on farms-Continued.

number, 522, 530, 532; 1850-1920, 533,
548; by age, 531, 533, 534-538, 540-
541, 614; average per farm reporting,
522, 532, 542; average per 1,000 acres
of all land in farms, 532; average
per 1,000 acres of improved land
in farms, 532; leading states, 533; per
cent distribution by age, 545; per cent
distribution of age groups by states,
545; per cent distribution by states,
1880-1920, 549.

number, by color and tenure, 197, 274-
281.

number, by size of farm, 70, 107-112.
number, by tenure, 131, 177-180.
value, 522, 523–529, 532, 543; by age,
533, 534-538; average per head, 522,
532; by age, 533, 534-538, 544; per
cent of total value of all live stock,
519; per cent of total value of domes
tic animals, 522, 523–529.
value, by color and tenure, 197, 282-289.
value, by size of farm, 70, 113–118.
value, by tenure, 131, 181-184.
Mules not on farms, inclosures reporting, 614,
615; in cities of 25,000 inhabitants or
more, 621-627.

number, 615; 1900-1920, 614; in cities
of 25,000 inhabitants or more, 621–627;
per cent of all mules, 628.
number, by age, 614, 618.
Mules on farms and not on farms, number,
629; by age, 614, 630.

Mushrooms raised for sale (1919 only), farms
reporting and value, 820, 827.

Muskmelons, see Cantaloupes and musk-
melons.

Mustard seed, acreage, farms reporting, pro-
duction, and value, 790; leading states, 708.

Native white farmers, number, 293, 299, 315,
318-321; per cent of all farmers, 294
(diagram).

number, by tenure, 295, 300, 315, 322-

329; per cent distribution, 295, 303,
317; per cent of all farmers, 295, 802.
Negro farmers, number, 1900-1920, 293, 310;
per cent of all farmers, 294 (diagram).
number, by tenure, 298, 311-312.
See also Improved land in farms, acre-
age, by race of colored farmers; Land
in farms, acreage, by race of colored
farmers; Land and buildings, value,
by race of colored farmers.
Noncitrus subtropical fruits (all), trees and
value, 873.

Nurseries and nursery products, explana-
tory text, 884.

acreage, 886; 1899-1919, 884, 885; aver-
age per establishment reporting, 1899-
1919, 884.

nurseries reporting, 885, 886; 1899–1919,
884.

receipts from sales, 886; 1899-1919, 884,

885; average per acre, 1899-1919, 884,
885; average per nursery, 885, 886;
1899-1919, 884.

Nuts (all), production, 1899-1919, 874, 875.
trees, 874, 875.

value, 701, 874, 875; per cent of total
value of all crops, 702.

See also Almonds; Pecans; Walnuts
(Persian or English).

Oats, acreage, 700, 712, 732, 751; 1879–1919,

732, 749, 752; average per farm re-
porting, 752; 1899-1919, 749; leading
states, 749; per cent distribution by
states, 753; per cent of total crop
acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 749; per
cent of total improved acreage, 701,
716; 1879-1919, 702, 749, 753.

Oats-Continued.

exports (quantity and value), 705.
farms reporting, 718, 720, 732, 751;
1899-1919, 749; per cent of all farms,
753; 1899-1919, 749.
production, 700, 718, 720, 732, 750 (dot
map), 751; 1849-1919, 749, 749 (dia-
gram); 1879-1919, 732, 752; aver-
age per acre, 1879-1919, 749, 753;
leading states, 708, 749, 749 (diagram);
per cent distribution by states,
1879-1919, 753.

sales-farms reporting and quantity,
718, 720; value, 718, 723.
value, 700, 714, 732, 751; 1899-1919,

732, 749; average per acre, 702; 1899-
1919, 749; average per bushel, 753;
1899-1919, 749; per cent of total value
of all crops, 702, 717; 1899-1919, 749;
in table for leading crops in each
state, 706.

Okra raised for sale, acreage, farms reporting,
and value, 820, 827.

Olives, production, 1899-1919, 873; leading
states, 708.

trees, 873; farms reporting, 873.
value, 873.

Onions (dry) raised for sale, acreage and
farms reporting, 827; 1899-1919, 820;
value, 820, 827.

Onions (green) raised for sale, acreage,
farms reporting, and value, 820, 827.
Oranges, production, 701; 1899-1919, 872;

leading states, 708.

trees, 872; farms reporting, 872.

value, 701, 872; in table for leading
crops in each state, 706.

Orchard fruits (all), production, 701; 1899–
1919, 860, 862.

trees, 860, 862; farms reporting, 860, 862.
value, 701, 860, 862; per cent of total
value of all crops, 702.

See also Apples; Cherries; Peaches; etc.
Orchard fruits, "other," production, 701;
1899-1919, 860.

trees, 860; farms reporting, 860.
value, 701, 860.

Ostriches on farms, farms reporting, 599, 607.
number, 607; 1900-1920, 599; average
per farm reporting, 599.
value, 599, 607; average per fowl, 599.
Owners, definition, 121, 187; number, 122,

127 (for the South), 132, 148-152;
1880-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent dis-
tribution by states, 488; per cent of
all farmers, 122, 123, 123 (diagram),
127 (for the South), 132; 1880-1920,
124, 128 (diagram), 133-142.
by age, number, 354 (diagram); 1890-
1920, 354, 395-402; per cent distribu-
tion, 1890-1920, 354, 395-402; per
cent of all farmers, 1890-1920, 354.
by age and color, number, 350, 351
(diagrams for the South), 352 (for the
South), 355-374; per cent distribu-
tion by age, 351, 353 (for the South),
375-384; per cent of all farmers, 351,
353 (for the South), 385–394.
by color, number, 189, 193 (for the
South), 214-223, 295, 298; 1900-1920,
191, 194 (for the South), 198-202; per
cent distribution, 295; per cent of
all farmers, 187, 188 (diagrams), 189,
192 (diagrams for the South), 193 (for
the South), 295; 1900-1920, 191, 194
(for the South), 203.

by color and nativity, number, 295,
300-301; per cent distribution, 295,
302; per cent of all farmers, 295, 303.
by country of birth (white only), num-
ber, 315, 322-329; per cent of all
farmers, 317.

Owners-Continued.

by farm experience, number, 457, 459,
460-468, 469-476; average age, 457,
459, 469-476; average farm experience,
459, 469-476; average time as owner,
457, 459.

by number of years on farm and color,
number, 404-405, 407-424; per cent
distribution by number of years on
farm, 405, 433-441; per cent of all
farmers, 405, 442-450.

by race (colored only), number, 298,
311-312.

by sex, number, 340, 341; per cent dis-
tribution, 340, 345.

See also Full owners (owning entire
farm); Part owners (hiring additional
land); Farm property, value, by
tenure; Land in farms, acreage, by
tenure; Mortgaged farms; etc.
Oyster plant, see Salsify raised for sale.

Parsley raised for sale, acreage, farms report-
ing, and value, 820, 828.
Parsnips raised for sale, acreage and farms
reporting, 828; 1899-1919, 820; value, 820,
828.

Part owners, definition, 121, 187; number,

122, 127 (for the South), 148–152;
1900-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent dis-
tribution by states, 488; per cent of
all farmers, 123, 127 (for the South);
1900-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent of
all owners, 124.

by age and color, number, 350, 352 (for
the South), 355-374; per cent distri-
bution by age, 351, 353 (for the
South), 375-384; per cent of all
farmers, 351, 353 (for the South),
385-394.

by color, number, 189, 193 (for the
South), 214-223; 1900-1920, 198-202;
per cent of all farmers, 189, 193 (for
the South); per cent of all owners, 189.
by number of years on farm and color,
number, 404-405, 407-424; per cent
distribution by number of years on
farm, 405, 433-441; per cent of all
farmers, 405, 442-450.

See also Farm property, value, by
tenure; Land in farms, acreage, by
tenure; etc.

Peaches, production, 701; 1899-1919, 860,
864; leading states, 708.

trees, 860, 864; farms reporting, 860, 864.
value, 701, 860, 864.

Peanuts, acreage, 700; 1899-1919, 780, 781;

average per farm reporting, 782; 1899-
1919, 780; per cent distribution by
states, 782; per cent of total crop
acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 780; per cent
of total improved acreage, 701; 1899-
1919, 780, 782.

farms reporting, 781; 1899-1919, 780;
per cent of all farms, 782; 1899-1919,
780.

production, 700; 1899-1919, 780, 781;
average per acre, 1899-1919, 780, 782;
leading states, 708; per cent distribu-
tion by states, 1899-1919, 782.
value, 700, 781; 1899-1919, 780; average
per acre, 702; 1899-1919, 780; average
per bushel, 782; 1899-1919, 780; per
cent of total value of all crops, 702;
1899-1919, 780.

Pears, production, 701; 1899-1919, 860, 865;
leading states, 708.

trees, 860, 865; farms reporting, 860, 865.
value, 701, 860, 865.

Peas (dry), acreage, 700; 1899-1919, 777,
778; average per farm reporting, 779;
1899-1919, 777; per cent distribution

by states, 779; per cent of total crop
acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 777; per cent
of total improved acreage, 701; 1899-
1919, 777, 779.

farms reporting, 778; 1899-1919, 777; per
cent of all farms, 779; 1899-1919, 777.
production, 700; 1899-1919, 777, 778;
average per acre, 1899-1919, 777, 779;
leading states, 708; per cent distribu-
tion by states, 1899-1919, 779.
value, 700, 778; 1899-1919, 777; average
per acre, 702; 1899-1919, 777; average
per bushel, 779; 1899-1919, 777; per
cent of total value of all crops, 702;
1899-1919, 777.

Peas (green) raised for sale, acreage and
farms reporting, 828; 1899-1919, 820;
value, 820, 828.

Pecans, production, 701; 1899-1919, 874,
876; leading states, 708.

trees, 874, 876; farms reporting, 874, 876.
value, 701, 874, 876.

Peppers (green) raised for sale, acreage,
farms reporting, and value, 820, 828.
Persimmons, Japanese, production, 1899-
1919, 874; leading states, 708.
trees, 874; farms reporting, 874.
value, 874.

Pieplant, see Rhubarb raised for sale.
Pigeons on farms, farms reporting, 599,
602-606; per cent of all farms, 599,
600, 602-606.

number, 599, 601, 602-606; average per
farm reporting, 599; average per 1,000
acres of land in farms, 599; per cent
distribution by states, 608.

value, 599, 602-606; average value, 599,
602-606, 609.

Pigs, see Swine on farms; Swine not on
farms; Pigs raised on farms.

Pigs raised on farms (1919 only), explanatory
text, 690.

farms reporting, 691, 692.

number, 690, 690 (diagram), 691, 692;
average per farm, 691, 692; comparison
with number of all swine on farms,
690.

Pineapples, production, 1899-1919, 873;
leading states, 708.

plants, 873; farms reporting, 873.
value, 873.

Plums and prunes, production, 701; 1899-
1919, 860, 866; leading states, 708.
trees, 860, 866; farms reporting, 860, 866.
value, 701, 860, 866.

Pomegranates, production, 874; leading
states, 708.

trees, 874; farms reporting, 874.
value, 874.

Pomeloes, see Grapefruit.

Popcorn raised for sale, acreage, farms re-
porting, and value, 820, 825.

Population, farm, definition, 891; number,
892, 894; per cent of total population, 892,
894; number, by age, 893, 898; by color,
893; by race, nativity, and parentage, 893,
896; by sex, 892, 895; white, by nativity,
893, 896; colored, by race, 893, 896.
Population, rural, definition, 23; number,
23, 24, 34, 892, 894; per cent of total
population, 23, 24, 34, 892, 894; number,
by age, 893, 899; by color, 893; by color
and nativity, 897; by race, nativity, and
parentage, 893; by sex, 892, 895; white, by
nativity, 893; colored, by race, 893.
Population, total, number, 23, 24, 34, 892,
894; 1850-1920, 32, 38-43; per 1,000 acres
of improved farm land, 1850-1920, 33; by
age, 893, 898; by color, 893; by color and
nativity, 896; by race, nativity, and
parentage, 893; by sex, 892, 895; white, by
nativity, 893; colored, by race, 893.

Population, urban, number, 24, 892, 894; per
cent of total population, 892, 894; by age,
893, 898; by color, 893; by color and na-
tivity, 897; by race, nativity, and parent-
age, 893; by sex, 892, 895; white, by na-
tivity, 893; colored, by race, 893.
Potatoes, acreage, 700, 713, 812; 1889-1919,

811, 813; average per farm reporting,
813; 1899-1919, 811; leading states,
811; per cent distribution by states,
814; 1899-1919, 811; per cent of total
crop acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 811; per
cent of total improved acreage, 701,
716; 1889-1919, 702, 811, 814.
farms reporting, 718, 724, 812; 1899-

1919, 811; per cent of all farms, 814;
1899-1919, 811.

production, 700, 718, 724, 812; 1879-
1919, 813; 1849-1919, 811; average per
acre, 1889-1919, 811, 814; leading
states, 709, 811, 811 (diagram); per
capita, 1889-1919, 811; per cent dis-
tribution by states, 1879-1919, 814.
sales (farms reporting, quantity, and
value), 718, 724.

value, 700, 715, 718, 724, 812; 1899-1919,
811; average per acre, 702; 1899-1919,
811; average per bushel, 814; 1899-
1919, 811; per cent of total value of
all

crops, 702, 717; 1899-1919, 811; in
table for leading crops in each state,
705-706.

Poultry on farms, comparability of statis-
tics, 599.

farms reporting, 607; by classes, 599,

602-606.

number, 607; 1890-1920, 600; by classes,

601, 602-606; 1890-1920, 599; average
per farm reporting, by classes, 599,
608; average per 1,000 acres of all land
in farms, 599; leading states, 600; per
cent distribution by states, 608.
value, 519, 520, 600, 607; by classes,
599, 602-606; average per fowl, 607;
by classes, 599, 602-606, 609; per cent
of total value of all live stock, 519.
See also Chickens on farms; Ducks on
farms; etc.

Price index for crops of 1919, 704, 705.
Principal crops in each state, 1919 (acreage,
production, and value), 705-706.
Prunes, see Plums and prunes.
Pumpkins raised for sale, acreage and farms
reporting, 829; 1899-1919, 820; value, 820,
829.

Purchasing, cooperative, see Cooperative
marketing and purchasing by farmers.
Pure-bred live stock on farms (cattle, horses,

sheep, and swine-1919 only), explanatory

text, 633; farms reporting, 633, 635. See
also Cattle, pure-bred; Horses, pure-bred;
Sheep, pure-bred; Swine, pure-bred.

Rice, acreage, 700, 732, 771; 1879-1919, 732,

771, 771-772; average per farm re-
porting, 771-772; 1899-1919, 771: per
cent distribution by states, 772; per
cent of total crop acreage, 701; 1899-
1919, 771; per cent of total improved
acreage, 701; 1879-1919, 771, 772.
exports (quantity and value), 705.
farms reporting, 732, 771; 1899-1919,
771; per cent of all farms, 772; 1899-
1919, 771.

production, 700, 732, 771; 1879-1919,
732, 771-772; 1849-1919, 771; average
per acre, 1879-1919, 771, 772; leading
states, 709; per cent distribution by
states, 1879-1919, 772.

value, 700, 732, 771; 1899-1919, 732,
771; average per acre, 702; 1899-1919,
771; average per bushel, 772; 1899-
1919, 771; per cent of total value of all
crops, 702; 1899-1919, 771; in table
for leading crops in each state, 706.
Root crops for forage, acreage and farms re-
porting, 792, 796-807.

production, 792, 796-807; average per
acre, 792, 796-807.

value, 792, 796-807; average per ton,
792, 796-807.

Rural population, see Population, rural.
Rutabagas raised for sale, acreage, farms
reporting, and value, 820, 829.
Rye, acreage, 700, 732, 759; 1879-1919,

732, 758, 760; average per farm re-
porting, 760; 1899-1919, 758; leading
states, 758; per cent distribution by
states, 761; per cent of total crop
acreage, 701; 1899-1919, 758; per cent
of total improved acreage, 701; 1879-
1919, 758, 761.

exports (quantity and value), 705.
farms reporting, 732, 759; 1899-1919,
758; per cent of all farms, 761; 1899-
1919, 758.

production, 700, 732, 759; 1879-1919,
732, 760; 1849-1919, 758; average per
acre, 1879-1919, 758, 761; leading
states, 709, 758, 758 (diagram); per
cent distribution by states, 1879-1919,
761.

value, 700, 732, 759; 1899-1919, 732,
758; average per acre, 702; 1899-1919,
758; average per bushel, 761; 1899-
1919, 758; per cent of total value of
all crops, 702; 1899-1919, 758.

Salsify (vegetable oyster) raised for sale (1919
only), acreage, farms reporting, and
value, 820, 830.

Sapodillas, production, 874; leading states,

709.

trees, 874; farms reporting, 874.
value, 874.
Share tenants, definition, 121, 187; number,

122, 127 (for the South), 148-152;

1880-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent of
all farmers, 123, 127 (for the South);
1880-1920, 124, 133-142; per cent of
all tenants, 124.

by age and color, number, 350, 352 (for
the South), 355-374; per cent distribu-
tion by age, 351, 353 (for the South),
375-384; per cent of all farmers, 351,
353 (for the South), 385–394.
by color, number, 189, 193 (for the
South), 214-223; 1900-1920, 198-
202; per cent of all farmers, 189,
193 (for the South); per cent of all
tenants, 191.

by number of years on farm and color,
number, 404-405, 406, 406 (for the
South), 407-424, 425-432; per cent
distribution by number of years on

farm, 405, 406, 406 (for the South),
433-441, 451-456; per cent of all
farmers, 405, 442-450.

See also Farm property, value, by
tenure; Land in farms, acreage, by
tenure; etc.
Share-cash tenants, definition, 121, 187;
number, 122, 124, 127 (for the South),
133-142, 148-152; per cent of all
farmers, 123, 124, 127 (for the South),
133-142; per cent of all tenants, 124.
by color, number, 189, 193 (for the
South), 198-202, 214-223; per cent of
all farmers, 189, 193 (for the South);
per cent of all tenants, 191.
by number of years on farm and color,
number, 406, 406 (for the South),
425-432; per cent distribution by
number of years on farm, 406, 406 (for
the South), 451-456.

See also Farm property, value, by
tenure; Land in farms, acreage, by
tenure; etc.

Sheep on farms, comparability of statistics,
522, 574.

farms reporting, 522, 523–529, 575, 582,

633, 644, 671, 672, 673; by age and
sex, 575, 576-580.

number, 522, 530, 574, 575, 633, 644,

671, 672, 673; 1850-1920, 575, 586;
by age and sex, 574, 575, 576-580,
581, 614; average per farm reporting,
522, 575, 582; average per 1,000
acres of all land in farms, 575, 582;
average per 1,000 acres of improved
land in farms, 575; leading states,
575; per cent distribution by age
and sex, 585; per cent distribution
of age and sex groups by states, 585;
per cent distribution by states, 1880-
1920, 586.
number, by color and tenure, 197,

274-281.

number, by size of farm, 70, 107–112.
number, by tenure, 131, 177-180.
value, 522, 523-529, 575, 583; by age
and sex, 575, 576-580; average per
head, 522, 575; by age and sex, 575,
576-580, 584; per cent of total value
of all domestic animals, 522, 523-529;
per cent of total value of all live
stock, 519.

value, by color and tenure, 197, 282–289.
value, by size of farm, 70, 113–118.
value, by tenure, 131, 181-184.
See also Lambs raised on farms; Sheep,
pure-bred; Sheep shorn on farms;
Sheep and lambs slaughtered on farms.
Sheep, pure-bred (1920 only), explanatory
text, 633.

farms reporting, 633, 644; by breed,
634; per cent of all farms reporting
sheep, 644.

number, 633, 644; by breed, 634, 645;
per cent of all sheep, 633, 644.
Sheep not on farms, inclosures reporting,
614, 617; in cities of 25,000 inhabit-
ants or more, 621-627.
number, 617; 1900-1920, 614; by age
and sex, 614, 620; in cities of 25,000
inhabitants or more, 621-627; per
cent of all sheep, 628.
Sheep on farms and not on farms, number,
629; by age and sex, 614, 632.
Sheep shorn on farms, number, 671, 672, 673;
per cent of all sheep, 672. See also Wool
produced on farms.

Sheep and goats on farms, number, 575;

1900-1920, 575; average per 1,000
acres of all land in farms, 575; av-
erage per 1,000 acres of improved
land in farms, 575; leading states, 575.