Net increase in production of crops and increase in price level: 1909 to 1919.-It is evident that a very large part of the increase in the value of all crops between 1909 and 1919 was the result of the higher prices prevailing in 1919, and that increased production was a factor of minor importance. In Table 5 is presented a series of computations designed to separate these two factors and to show their relative importance. These computations indicate that, for the crops compared, the total increase of 179.5 per cent may be divided into two parts-9 per cent representing the increase due to greater production and 156.5 per cent representing the increase due to higher prices. The increase due to greater production is computed from the actual value of the crops in 1909 and the value of the 1919 production on the basis of the 1909 prices. Since the prices are the same, the increase shown in this comparison is evidently the result of inereased production. The increase due to higher prices is computed from the value of the 1919 crops on the basis of the 1909 prices, and the actual value of the same crops at 1919 prices. The "crops compared," as shown in Table 5, include all those crops for which quantities and prices were available for both 1919 and 1909, except three crops (emmer and spelt, quinces, and "other berries") for which the 1919 returns were considered inadequate for comparison with 1909, by reason of changes in the form of the schedule used in 1920. The value of "mixed crops," as reported for 1919, was included in the 1919 totals, because the same mixed crops were presumably reported in 1909 and distributed among the several grains which made up the mixture. The 1909 price for mixed crops was obtained by dividing the 1919 price by the index of the combined production of the four principal constituent grainswheat, oats, barley, and rye. The value of the crops compared formed nearly 95 per cent of the value of all crops in 1919, and percentages based on this total may be accepted as representative of all crops. TABLE 5.-COMPARATIVE STATEMENT SHOWING INCREASE IN VALUE OF CROPS BETWEEN 1909 AND 1919 RESULTING (1) FROM GREATER PRODUCTION, AND (2) FROM HIGHER PRICES. Cereals. Corn.... Wheat... Oats... Barley.. Buckwheat. $13,995,911,487 $5,457,511,832 $5,007,238,561 $8,988,672,926 179.5 $450, 273, 271 855, 255, 468 160, 427, 255 6,937,557, 311 2, 869, 843, 061 2, 659, 955, 664 4, 277, 601, 647 160. 8. Kafir and milo. Rice (rough). Bu.. Mixed crops.. 0.73355 275.0 116, 537, 965, 182,042, 587 Bu.. 27.10828 Bu.. 5.28508 6.963511 Bu.. Bu.. 2. 80940 289.3 278.6 0.83561 236, 2 0.86166 390.6 80,843, 832 2,316, 115, 574 988, 399, 235 826, 401, 175 1, 489, 714, 399 3,584, 661, 3231, 191, 481, 631 1, 144, 716, 087 162, 439, 060 Ton. 16.78557 4.23315 296.5' 59, 499, 467 Ton. 14.90556 5. 78538 Lb.. 0.32461 3, 146, 107 9, 235, 209 0.42761 414.9 639, 440, 521 Nuts.. Small fruits. Bu.. 2. 20172 124, 189, 737 253, 863, 951 22, 580, 153 155, 873, 932 24,488, 857 39, 875, 667 29,714, 396 11,045, 342 166, 423, 910 221, 028, 017 180. 3 2,439, 945, 236 213.1 511, 223, 783 231.3 209, 887, 397 7.9 4,067, 714,250 141.7 116, 325, 426-8. 12, 185, 568, 609 165.3 252, 161, 437 38. 31, 164, 260, 563, 128,0 19,784, 647 4. 8 420,773, 399 95.8 -27,372, 998-29. 6 95, 341, 682 146.5 32, 148, 848 157. 4 63,967,305 121.7 -1,356, 589-14.5 11,741, 302 147.2 33, 493, 575 309. 6 45,910, 531 103.6 9, 897,353 61.8 71, 277, 491 275.0 7,456, 520 8,873, 368 119.0 Due partly to increased production and partly to higher prices. 1 A minus sign (-) denotes decrease. Per cent not shown when more than 1,000. 478, 387, 849 188.4 38, 548, 076 170, 7 275,082, 899 176.5 71,097, 164 290.3 74,990,656 188. 1 18,669, 054 169.0 Price index for crops of 1919.-In Table 6 is presented another computation, the object of which is to show the index of the prices of all crops, and of the several groups of crops. In this computation are included all crops for which production was reported both in 1919 and in 1909, the total value of the crops included representing nearly 95 per cent of the value of all crops. The index is computed by dividing the actual value of the 1919 crops by the value of the 1919 production as computed on the basis of the 1909 prices. The index for all crops is 257, which figure is in agreement with the increase of 156.5 per cent in crop values on account of higher prices, which is shown in Table 5. TABLE 6.-INDEX OF FARM PRICES OF CROPS IN 1919 ON BASIS OF 1909 PRICES. TABLE 6.-INDEX OF FARM PRICES OF CROPS IN 1919 ON BASIS OF 1909 PRICES-Continued. Exports of principal crops: 1920 and 1910.-Table 7 shows the quantities and values of the principal crops exported from the United States during the years ending June 30, 1920 and 1910, respectively. Leading crops in each state, and states leading in each, crop: 1919.-Tables 8 and 9 show, respectively, the three leading crops (on the basis of value) in each state, and the states leading in the production of each crop. Tables for divisions and states.-Tables 10 to 15, inclusive, give detailed figures for all crops, by divisions and states. TABLE 8.-THE THREE LEADING CROPS, ON THE BASIS OF VALUE, IN EACH STATE: 1919. CROP AND STATE. Acreage TABLE 9.-STATES LEADING IN THE PRODUCTION OF EACH CROP: 1919. Corn, total... Iowa.. Nebraska... 3,963, 264 100.0 100.0 100.0 Indiana.. Ohio. Missouri... 115,309,165 136, 560, 997 Bu... 241, 573, 577 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,964,167 21, 568, 691 9,636, 698 7,385, 277 14,350, 317 3, 128, 386 4,074, 870 3,315,093 Bu... Bu. Bu.. 7,842,017 Bu... 7, 163, 619 Bu... 6,921, 284 Bu.... 87,771, 600 2,345,832,507 Bu... $3,507,797,102 9,343, 737 2.9 5.1 3.9 Mississippi. 2,948, 387 Arkansas.. 2,553, 811 North Carolina.. 1,373, 701 7.6 8.0 4. 1 7.5 7.4 |