born of one father and mother, and of a good house, who, though they be deaf and dumb, yet have they a singular quick conceit. They can both of them read very well, write and cipher, and cast accounts. They are cunning at cards, dice, and all games. The maiden is excellent at sempstrv, tapestry, embroidery, &c. And by the motion of a man's lips, they know his meaning."

Platerus also mentions one, deaf and dumb born, yet could express his mind in a Table Book, and could understand what others wrote therein. He hearing Ecolampadius preaching, by the motions of his lips and gestures, understood many things.

Janet Lowes, a Scotchwoman, dwelling in Edinburgh, being deaf and dumb by nature, could understand any one in her house, merely by the moving of their lips; so that by their motions alone, without a voice, she could exactly know their meaning.

Master Crisp, brother to Sir Nicholas Crisp: his dexterity of knowing the meaning of men by the motions of their lips, is very well known to merchants on on the Exchange, and is yet fresh in every one's memory. At the time when Sir Alexander Carey was beheaded on Tower Hill, this Master Crisp (having been deaf long before,) pressed to stand near to the scaffold, whereupon Master Hurst an officer of the trainbands, that kept the guard, spake to him to forbear, who not hearing him, continued to labour to get a convenient place, till Master Hurst being told by some one who he was, suffered him to place himself right in front of the scaffold, and when Sir Alexander turned himself to speak to the people, Master Crisp fixed his eyes upon his lips during all the time of his speech, which he so perfectly understood, and carried away, that relating it to his friends, they much wondered at the way of his perception.

There was a nobleman of Spain, the younger brother of the Constable of Castile, born so deaf that he could not hear a gun shot off by his ear, and consequent ly dumb, yet the loveliness of his face, and exceeding vivacity of his eyes, the comeliness of his person, and the whole composure of his body, were pregnant signs of a well-tempered mind. Physicians and surgeons had long employed their skill to help him, but all in vain. At last a certain Priest undertook to teach him to understand others when they spake, and to speak himself that others might understand him. This attempt was at first laughed at, but after some years, with great pains, he taught this young

lord to speak as distinctly as any man, and to understand so perfectly what others said, that he could understandingly converse all day with them. Prince Charles, when he was wooing the Infanta of Spain, saw him and oft made trial of him, not only with English words, but making some Welchmen in his train to speak words of their language, all which he perfectly repeated; only for want of his hearing, his tone was rather vehement and shrill, than pleasing.

Pausanius says, "Balthus, a dumb man, wandering in a desert, met with a lion, and was struck with such exceeding fear and trepidation, that thereupon the strings of his tongue were loosed, and he spake ever after.

Such instances are worthy of record. What an admirable institution, then, is the " Deaf and Dumb Asylum !"—in which the deaf are made to hear, and the dumb to speak." A person that has not visited this place, which records a Townsend for its foster father, can have no idea of its advantages, nor appreciate the value and pleasure of an inspection.

P.R.J.

Ellustrations of History.

CARRIER PIGEONS.

The carrier pigeon has its name from its remarkable sagacity in returning to the place where it was bred, and Lightow assures us, that one of these birds would carry a letter from Babylon to Aleppo, which is thirty days' journey, in fortyeight hours.

This pigeon was employed in former times by the English factory to convey intelligence from Scanderoon of the arrival of company's ships in that port, the name of the ship, the hour of her arrival, and whatever else could be comprised in a small compass, being written on a slip of paper, which was secured in such a manner under the pigeon's wing as not to impede its flight, and her feet were bathed in vinegar, with the view to keep them cool, and prevent her being tempted by the sight of water to alight, by which the journey might have been prolonged, or the billet lost. The pigeons performed this journey in two hours and a half. The messenger had a young brood at Aleppo, and was sent down in an uncovered cage to Scanderoon, from whence, as soon as set at liberty, she returned with all possible expedition to her nest. It is said, that the pigeons when let fly from Scanderoon, instead of bending their course towards the high mountains surrounding the plain,

mounted at once directly up, soaring still almost perpendicularly till out of sight, as if to surmount at once the obstacles intercepting the view of the place of their destination. Maillet, in his "Description de l'Egypt," tells us of a pigeon despatched from Aleppo to Scanderoon, which, mistaking its way, was absent for three days, and in that time had made an excursion to the island of Ceylon, a circumstance then deduced from finding green cloves in the bird's stomach, and credited at Aleppo.

In the time of the holy wars, certain Saracen Ambassadors who came to Godfrey of Antioch from a neighbouring prince, sent intelligence to their master of the success of their embassy by means of pigeons, fixing the billet to the bird's tail. Hirtius and Brutus, at the siege of Modena, held a correspondence with one another by means of pigeons. Ovid informs us that Taurosthenus, by a pigeon stained with purple, gave notice to his father of his victory at the Olympic games, sending it to him at Egina; and Anacreon tell us, that he conveyed a billet doux to his beautiful Bathyllid, by a dove. Thus, says Bewick, the bird is let loose, and in spite of surrounding armies and every obstacle that would have effectually prevented any other means of conveyance, guided by instinct alone, it returns directly home, where the intelligence is so much wanted. Sometimes they have been the peaceful bearers of glad tidings to the anxious lover, and to the merchant of the no less welcome news of the safe arrival of his vessel at the desired port."

Anecdotiana.

N.N.

who thereupon gave him 20s. for his pains, out of which he was to give to the servant of the Master of the Jewel House 1s. 6d.-Lady Fanshawe's Memoirs.

GENERAL WOLFE.

The minds of some men are so elevated above the common understanding of their fellow creatures, that they are by many charged with enthusiasm, and even with madness. When George II. was once expressing his admiration of Wolfe, some one observed that the General was mad, "Oh, he is mad, is he?" said the king with great quickness, "then I wish he would bite some other of my generals."

LORD MANSFIELD AND A JEW.

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N.N.

"Mr. Abraham," said Lord Mansfield, "this is your son, and cannot go in the same bail bond." "He ish not my son, my Lord." Why, Abraham, here are twenty in court will prove it." "I will shwear, my Lord, he ish not." "Take care, Abraham, or I will send you to the King's Bench." "Now, my Lord, if your Lordship pleases, I will tell you the truth." "Well, I shall be glad to hear the truth from a Jew." "My Lord, I wash in Amsterdam two year an' three quarters; when I came home I findish this lad; now, the law obliges me to maintain him; and, consequently, my Lord, he ish but my son-in-law." "Well, Moses,' rejoined Lord Mansfield, "this is the best definition of a son-in-law I ever heard.”

MISUNDERSTANDING.

Among the Polish prisoners of war who were in Russia in 1661, was a distinguished nobleman, with whom no one was allowed to speak without witnesses. This man became ill, and applied for a physician, which the Czar granted. The physician prescribed cremor Tartari. The doctor had scarcely got home, when he was arrested and carried before the minister, who addressed him very angrily, calling him a traitor, threatening him with punishment, and exclaiming, "You dog, what have you been saying to the Pole about the Crim Tartars?" The doctor, who stood motionless with astonishment, now comprehended the misunderstanding, arising from the report made by some listeners to the minister, and explained it by shewing the prescription he had left for the patient.

THERE is now living in the island of Corsica, a shepherdess, who successively refused the hand of Augereau, then a corporal; and of Bernadotte, then a serjeant in that island. She little dreamt that she was declining to be a Marechale of France, or the Queen of Sweden.

N.N.

THE DEATH OF WARWICK;

A LEGEND OF GLADMORE HEATH.
(For the Olio.)*

Warwick. These eyes that now are dimmed
with death's black veil,!

Have been as piercing as the mid-day sun,
To search the secret treasons of the world:
The wrinkles in my brows, now fill'd with
blood,

Were liken'd oft to kingly sepulchres;
For who lived king but I could dig his grave?
And who durst smile when Warwick bent his
brow?

Lo, now my glory smear'd in dust and blood!
My parks, my walks, my manors that I had,
Even now forsake me; and of all my lands,
Is nothing left me but my body's length !

THIRD PART OF K. HEN. VI.

It will be necessary to inform those who have not read the Rhyming of the Monk Lydgate, that, two or three centuries since, East Cheape, or, as it was then called, the "East Cheaping," was celebrated for the number of its cook-shops; where meats of all kinds, boiled, roasted, stewed, and braized, were ready for the palate of the hungry traveller at all hours of the day. 11 VOL. IV. M

It was on the 12th of April, in the year 1471, about mid-day, that a stranger of gallant mein, but soberly clad, entered the house of Nicholas Longstrother, who kept one of the before-mentioned shops,

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over against" the never-to-be-forgotten "Bowre's Heade," in the East Cheaping. Honest Nicholas never lacked business, but on this particular day his house was literally crammed. This unusual influx of customers was owing to the arrival of Edward the Fourth, who had that day made his public entry into London, at the head of a powerful army. Not having succeeded in provoking the Earl of Warwick, who, from the facility with which he alternately set up and plucked down the heads of the two factions, was not unaptly termed "the king maker," Edward determined to proceed to London, the friendship, of whose citizens, being a desideratum in those rude times, when all classes, from the sober merchant and his 'prentice, even to the aldermen and sheriffs, were ready to sacrifice their lives in defence of the city* and its rights.

* Let those who doubt this, turn to the bulky Chronicle of Hollinshed, where they will 95

The preaching of the Archbishop of York, (the Earl's brother), and the procession of the deposed king, with a miserable retinue, through the city, had made but little impression upon the Londoners, and Edward, entering a few days afterwards, was received with the most joyful shouts of acclamation, and promises of help on every side. Philip de Commines says that the reason why Edward was so well received, was, first, in consequence of his being greatly in debt with the citi zens, who feared, that if they opposed him, they should never get paid; and, secondly, because of his being in great favour with their wives. Baker treats this slightly, but does not give us any reason to discredit the assertion. Be this as it may, there was not a single hand or voice raised to oppose him, while the unfortu

find it written, how the citizens resisted the

assault of Jack Cade; and, in after ages, the equally daring attempt of the Bastard Faulconbridge. The valiant resistance made by Joyce and Basset, the two aldermen, against the latter desperado, proves that in those days members of the Corporation were proficients in other exercises, besides the devouring of turtle and white bait.

nate Henry, neglected and despised, was left to deplore the loss of a kingdom he was never fitted to govern.

But, to return to the larder of Nicholas Longstrother. His guests consisted partly of soldiers belonging to Edward's army, and partly of boatmen and watermen from the river, made up with a sprinkle of the lower class of citizens, who, if they had not seen such service as the spearmen and archers in their company, did equal execution upon the viands of the portly cook, who, as well as his unwieldy frame wonld allow him, waddled to and fro, and glanced hastily over the tables, to see that his guests lacked not of the good things he had provided for them. There was the huge buttock of beef, the seasoned gammon, haunches of mutton, and collars of brawn in profusion; a fact hardly to be credited by those who have not read the acts of parliament of those days, that were passed to restrain the people from luxurious feeding.*

By an act of Edw. III, it is enacted that no person should be served with more than two courses, except on feast days and holidays,