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Orders received at 186, Strand, London, W.C., and at the Railway Bookstalls, to which Books are forwarded, carriage paid. embraces all the most important Works of General Literature and other Subjects of Popular Interest. NEWEST AND BEST BOOKS ADDED AS PUBLISHED. OVER 800 TOWN AND COUNTRY BOOKSTALL DEPOTS. TERMS ON APPLICATION. 186, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 14, 1905. CONTENTS.-No. 55. NOTES:- Sufferings of Troops in Winter, 21-Bibliographical Notes on Dickens and Thackeray, 22-pitaphiana, 23-Yankee Doodle' - Clergyman as City Councillor-Cranmer's Librarv, 24-Holy Maid of Kent English Canonized Saints, 25-Dagger Pies-Vanished Pastimes-Nelson in Fiction-The Victoria and the Camperdown, 26-Luther Family-" Totem," 27. QUERIES:-Hugh Percy-London Bridge Theatre-Besant -Warren Hastings and Sir Charles Malet-Rev. Thomas Newman - David Morgan, Jacobite Broach" or "Brooch," 28" Walkyn Silver "-" Wapiti "-Pembroke College, Cambridge - Sir Thomas Cornwallis" Bloodfunkers "-"Caveac" Tavern - Abbotsley, St. Neots, Hunts-"Heart of my heart"-Police Uniforms: Omnibuses, 29-Polar Inhabitants-Spanish Arms-Triplicate Writing-Holyrood Font, 30. REPLIES:-Sir Walter l'Espec, 30-Spelling Reform "Licence" and "License," 31-Great Seal in Gutta-percha --Mercury in Tom Quad-Queen Anne's Last Years Bibliography of Christmas-Heraldic-Children at Executions, 33-Algonquin Element in English-English Burialground at Lisbon-Blood used in Building. 31-Three Tailors of Tooley Street -High Peak Words-Ben Jonson and Bacon-Battlefield Sayings, 35-George Washington's Arms - Parish Documents-Armorial Visiting Cards, "Phil Elia." 36 - Heacham Parish Officers- Hardyknute' -Sarum, 37-"The" as part of Title-Assisa de Tolloneis,' &c.-Sir William Calvert-Modern Italian Artists -Agnostic Poets, 38. NOTES ON BOOKS: 'New English Dictionary' Madame d'Arblay's Diary and Letters-Boswell's 'Johnson-Poets and Poetry of the Nineteenth Century Raleghana '-Routledge's "Miniature Reference Series " -Mr. Dodgson's Don Quixote' in Basque—* Fry's Guide to London Charities.' Notices to Correspondents. Jotes. SUFFERINGS OF TROOPS IN WINTER. AT the present time, when the war in the Far East has drawn attention to the hardships inseparable from a winter campaign, it may not be uninteresting to recall the sufferings of our army in the Crimea during the winter of 1854-5. The following notes are extracted from letters written from the camp before Sebastopol by the late General Maxwell, C.B., who commanded the 46th Regiment during the siege. These, of course, were not intended for publication, and do not pretend to be anything, more than private letters, written at odd moments and sent home to his friends, to tell them of his life and work at the front. At the same time they are interesting as giving the impressions of an officer on the spot, and showing that the army was quite alive to the mismanagement and procrastination of the authorities. They also form an additional testimony to the good conduct of our soldiers under very trying circumstances, and to the appalling loss of life caused by sickness, chiefly due to exposure and starvation. Camp before Sebastopol, We arrived at Balaclava on Wednesday last, landed and marched here (seven miles) that night, passed the night al fresco, and of course hard rain and no grub. No one at home can form the ghost of an idea of the hard work a soldier has here; what between the trenches and alarms we have never a moment to ourselves. I feel for the men, as they have been wet for three days; the work in the trenches is no joke. We march down there at 6 P.M., as soon as it is dark, and remain there till some time next day; half of the men are on the qui vive, the others lie down; but, poor devils! of late you see them lying up to their middles in I was to be so anxious to come out here! We have water. How they stand it I know not. What a fool only commenced work yet. The Russians cannot drive us away, but starvation and cold may. We hear that we are to winter here; if so I shall often remember you, as I have got the fur coat here. Old Garrett has got a brigade; I have the regiment and have my hands full; it quite amazes one after the quiet, dry, snug work in barracks at home. So much for my doings. All I can tell you about Sebastopol is it has not fallen; we only have invested the south side, all the rest of it being open to the enemy. The French and ourselves are bombarding away day and night, and have been doing so since the 5th of last month, and are likely to do so for another month; and even when we get in we cannot remain, as the strong forts on the south side command the town. A pretty look-out we have. The fact is, we have tried too much, and if we fail you may all thank the press for it. I, to my great joy, met Colin at Constantinople; he had been sent down sick, but was nearly well. Poor fellow, he was nearly naked; I was happy to be able to clothe him in a complete suit. He expected to be back here very soon, and appeared anxious for it, which I rather wonder at. We were too late for the action last Sunday:† [except those of] our people we sent out before us, and our friend, the Editor of The Times, will be happy to hear that they did at least as well as their neighbours. The night in the trenches a party of ours were at work; pluck and spirit of the men is wonderful. Last the Russians came out, and our fools wished to be allowed to go at them with their spades and pickaxes. I am sorry to say that this morning cholera made its appearance in our canıp, and we have lost five men. I trust it may stop as it is an awful don't like the cholera. Scourge. The men care nothing for bullets, but Camp before Sebastopol, 8 January, 1855. taken, and looks as nice and comfortable to our That infernal town is as far off as ever from being longing eyes as the Russians could wish. Our winter has commenced now; it was ushered in with a devil of a fall of snow, and then hard frost with a biting cold north wind; but poor weather for tents, but they are wonderfully warm, more so than you can fancy, or we may be getting accustomed to * His brother, in the 93rd Highlanders. Inkerman. Two companies only of the 46th were at this battle. The remainder of the regiment had been detained at home, owing to an inquiry appeared in Punch with reference to this incident. into a case of "bally-ragging" an officer. A cartoon See issue of 19 August, 1854. them and to the cold. The mercury was down to 8 last night; I think that is the lowest we have had it yet. If it does not get worse we may weather it yet, but we are sadly reduced; our Brigade, consisting of the 1st Battalion Rifle Brigade, 46th, 63rd, and 58th, can only turn out 700 men fit for duty. Yesterday the 63rd could only turn out four men! This morning we have 244* men fit for duty: that includes officers, servants, and every man in the regiment. We have 337 away sick at Balaclava or Scutari, and 174 sick here. We have buried, since landing on 8 November, 169-only 9 of these from loss in the trenches by shot, the remainder killed by hard work, exposure to cold and wet, bad -or rather short-allowance of food, and insufficient clothing. The poor fellows are half naked, have no change of clothes, and consequently are never, I may say, dry. They have at the very most only one night in bed-not in bed, but in their tents: that is to say every other night they pass in the trenches, and from their proximity to the enemy and cold they dare not sleep, and hard work it is. This night I have the pleasant prospect of marching down there at five o'clock, remaining till six next morning. My duty when there is to see that our guards are properly posted, and sentries out in every direction. I have a deal of ground to walk over, rough and hilly; on a fine, dry night it keeps me warm, but on a wet, dark night it is dreary work and that is the sort of night we must be most wide awake. Your fur coat, which I most providentially brought out, has been the saving of my life. With another one over it to keep off the wet, it is a famous thing. If I had only a pair of waterproof boots and a good, strong waterproof coat, I should be all right; but I am in hopes of getting them from some of the numerous supplies coming out. We hear a great deal of wooden houses and no end of things coming out from the generous people at home; but, alas! they will come up to us too late, I am afraid. Everything here is too late. The authorities here are most supine and dilatory about everything; I suppose their eyes will be opened when the whole army is like the 63rd, dead or in hospital; then I hope they will have to give an account to the country for their mismanagement. The Times correspondent (with one exception) gives a fair account of what is going on here, drawn mildly, of course, when he talks of the ill-treatment of the men. The exception I allude to was his account of the 46th not turning out for the trenches the night of the gale; a more unfounded lie never was; never did wet, half-clothed, poor devils, without a morsel to eat all day, turn out more willingly-not a murmur to be heard. I sent the captain who marched them down and remained with them that night in the trenches, and the adjutant who paraded them, to the correspondent to demand his authority. He would not give it up, but said he was sorry at having written it, and was very contrite; but the fact is, he must please his employers. One never sees Lord Raglan; he and his staff live in a good house, his horses have good stables, and are all very comfortable. I wish their house were burnt down and they put in tents. He believes, I verily think, that the men are getting all the good things the papers talk of; but don't think the whole army is so badly off as our brigade. The 3rd and 4th Divisions are the hardest worked, This is the figure in the letter, but from the "Morning State" of the regiment, given later on, there would seem to have been only 140 fit for duty. and consequently the greatest sufferers in the army. Colin is with the Highland Brigade near Balaclava. Their men are very well, fat, and well fed. They are well because they have no trenches and exposure; well fed because they are close to Balaclava, where the supplies are kept. We are seven miles off, and the country is in such a state, and the con:missariat so bad, that our biscuit, meat, and rum are often obliged to be sent for by fatigue parties of poor men worn out with work in these infernal trenches. All our clothing and other supplies we send men for, and the wooden houses, &c., will lie, and are lying, at Balaclava, with no means of being brought up; our want of arrangement is beyond conception. They have commenced a railroad from Balaclava to this-again too late; it will be finished when the weather gets fine and the country is in good order. I sometimes tremble to think what the consequences of all this mismanagement will be but triumph at last we must, at a frightful cost of men. I was never better in my life; eat, if possible, better than ever-when I can get it. Salt meat is poor stuff to live on, so we take every opportunity of getting preserved meats, but at ruinous prices. Till this time we have been supplied by Maltese and Greek rascals, whom the Government have stupidly allowed to settle at Balaclava and charge what they choose for things. Living as we are, men are reckless of expense, and, not knowing how long they may live to eat, pay anything. Morning State of 46th Regiment, 8 Jan., 1855. ... ... ... ... 140 337 174. 651 From this state, you may judge how our men get BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON DICKENS AND THACKERAY. SEVERAL bibliographies of Charles Dickens. have been compiled since the death of that writer, and the latest of them appeared a few months ago under the editorship of Mr. J. C, Thomson. It is not, perhaps, very high praise to say that this little work is a decided advance upon its predecessors, though it still leaves much to be desired; and I consider that it appeals more to the student of Dickens than to the collector of his works. This was perhaps the object of the compiler. especially as very few of the writings of Dickens come within the category of "rarities." Nevertheless, it would have been better if the collations of the books had been drawn up on had been subjected to closer revision. A few a more scientific plan, and if the whole work errors will be discovered on close inspection, |