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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
HOW THE HOUSING OF LABOR AFFECTED THE PRODUCTION OF WAR ESSENTIALS..
War needs and industrial organization-The need of adequate and efficient labor-How housing affects production-The
housing shortage-Bad housing reduces output-How housing affects health-Housing conditions of war workers in the
spring of 1918-Evidence of the effect on war industries-The gravity of the problem.
CHAPTER II.
HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSING CORPORATION.
The Council of National Defense--Committee on Labor, Section on Housing-Congestion at Bridgeport-Report of Section on
Housing -Advisory Commission, hearings and report-The "Ten-Day Committee "-Housing bills introduced into Con-
gress-Establishment and organization of the Bureau of Industrial Housing and Transportation-Organization of the United
States Housing Corporation.
Functions of the divisions: Surveys and Statistics Division-Homes Registration and Information Division-Transportation
Division-Real Estate Division—Design Divisions-Requirements Division-Construction Division-Industrial Relations
Division Operating Division-Legal Division-Fiscal Division and Treasury Division-Sales Division-Adjustment
Committee Committee on Requisitioned Houses.
GENERAL POLICY..
CHAPTER III.
Preliminary work of Housing Bureau-Temporary versus permanent construction-Standards of Housing-Government
loans to private building companies versus Government construction-Real Estate Division plan-Criticisms of the Real
Estate plan---Government loans to local housing companies-Criticism of company plan by defenders of Real Estate plan-
Objections of the Real Estate Division considered-Defense of the local housing company plan-Reason for abandonment
of this plan-Adoption of plan of Government construction and operation-Policy with reference to investigations.
CHAPTER IV.
MEASURES ADOPTED TO PREVENT NEEDLESS CONSTRUCTION..
The problem-Ascertaining local needs-Promoting maximum utilization of existing houses-Value of the vacancy canvass--
The Homes Registration Service Committee-Listing and classifying the vacancies Need of a placement agency-Ad-
ministration of Homes Registration Service-Statistics of Homes Registration Service-Savings effected-Improvement
of old properties-Control of rent profiteering-Statistics of committees on rent profiteering-Utilizing existing houses in
Washington, D. C.-Commandeering of vacant properties Solving the problem by transportation-Encouragement of
private construction-Statistics of accommodations provided without building by the Federal Government.
CHAPTER V.
ACQUISITION OF LAND, PLANNING HOUSES AND SITES, CONSTRUCTION.
The problem-Choice of site-Appraisals as safeguards-Acquisition of land by purchase Requisition-Closing of contracts
and taking of title-Amount of land acquired-The planning of houses and sites-Committees of designers-Engineering
requirements Project engineers-Negotiations with municipalities-Negotiations with public utility companies Town
planning-Standardized architecture-Employment of architects-Economies through planning-Letting contracts for
construction Securing materials Supervision of construction-Project managers-Works superintendents-Traveling
supervisors Procurement and supervision of labor-Devices to speed production and reduce costs-Fiscal record-Summary
of construction operations.
MANAGEMENT OF THE PROPERTIES.
CHAPTER VI.
The problem-Should houses be sold or rented?-How should rents be determined?-Demand for housing-Difficulty in
framing a rental policy-What constitutes a fair rental?-Rental is related to value-Can rentals be standardized?—Attempt
tɔ ascertain proper rental return on real estate-Number of properties operated-Management-Provision for welfare of
tenants-Government Hotels, Washington, D. C.-The sale of the properties-Appraisal-Method of sale-Cost of manage-
Magnitude of operations at time of armistice-Quick measures to stop construction-Policy with reference to curtailment of
projects Statistics of disposition of contracts-Sale of materials-Sale of furniture and equipment—Adjustment of claims—
Total salvage.
HOUSING ACTS...
APPENDIX I.
Public-No. 149, Sixty-fifth Congress, H. R. 10265: An act to authorize the President to provide housing for war needs.
Public-No. 164, Sixty-fifth Congress, H. R. 12280: An act making appropriations to supply additional urgent deficiencies in
appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, on account of war expenses and for other purposes.
Public-No. 191, Sixty-fifth Congress, H. R. 12600: An act making appropriations to supply deficiencies in appropriations for
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, and prior fiscal years, on account of war expenses, and for other purposes.
Public-No. 5, Sixty-sixth Congress, H. R. 3478: An act making appropriations to supply deficiencies in appropriations for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, and prior fiscal years, and for other purposes.
Public-No. 21, Sixty-sixth Congress, H. R. 7343: An act making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government
for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, and for other purposes.
APPENDIX II.
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES HOUSING CORPORATION..
APPENDIX III.
Page,
55
59
EXECUTIVE PERSONNEL OF UNITED STATES HOUSING CORPORATION....
Officers-Board of directors-Executives, classified by divisions-Field and office staffs for projects.
APPENDIX IV.
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS DIVISION.-April 1, 1918, to August 15, 1918..
Preorganization activities The problem-Organization and relation to other departments-Scope and functions-Basic
principles Method of procedure--Suggestions to field investigators-The report-The staff conference-Final investi-
gation.
STATISTICAL DIVISION.—June 1, 1918, to August 15, 1918...
Organization and policy-Working methods-Preparation of questionnaires Selection of cities for investigation-Compila-
tion of statistics from the questionnaires.
DIVISION OF SURVEYS AND STATISTICS.—August 15, 1918, to December 2, 1918.............
Steps leading to establishment of division-Organization of Joint Board on Industrial Surveys Instances of a few appropri-
ations made unnecessary by several Government departments as a result of information obtained through surveys conducted
by this division.
APPENDIX V.
HOMES REGISTRATION AND INFORMATION DIVISION..
Housing conditions and the war emergency-History and organization of the Homes Registration and Information Division—
The organization of vacancy canvasses-Cooperation of Council of National Defense-Purpose of vacancy canvass-Estab-
lishment of local registries Types of vacancy canvass-Inspection of vacant houses and rooms-Testing the quality of the
vacant house-Methods of making placements Location of registries Community responsibility-Relation of Housing
Bureau to local committee-Effect of the armistice Statistics of Homes Registration Service Savings effected-Other
valuable results-Promoting house building-Promoting community welfare-Personnel-Organization and activities of
88 Homes Registration Service agencies.
SECTION ON RENT PROFITEERING:
Causes of increase in rentals-Effect of increased rentals on war activities-Need of action by Housing Bureau-The New
London Committee of 24-Extension of plan to other communities Methods of determining a just rental-Federal
legislation on rent profiteering-Means of stopping rent profiteering-Value of the committees --Changes following the
armistice Statistics of adjustments of cases-Value of the local committees Organization and activities of 48 com-
mittees on rent profiteering-Additional cities in which the Homes Registration and Information Division was actively
interested in combating rent profiteering and adjusting the grievances of tenants.
INFORMATION SECTION:
Purpose Organization-The project books-The correspondence file-Daily digest of correspondence-Results-Ref-
erence Library.
TRANSPORTATION DIVISION..
APPENDIX VI.
Preorganization activities-Purpose of aid to transportation-Organization-General policy-Scope of work-Rearrangement
of steam and electric railway schedules-Installation of special steam and electric train service for war workers-Financing
necessary railway extensions and additions-General statistical statement-List of cities in which transportation investiga-
tions were made, showing action taken-Instructions to field representatives Forms used in submitting reports-State-
ment of loans authorized and disbursements made as of December 31, 1919-Statement of interest accrued and billed to
June 30, 1919-Interest statement as of December 31, 1919-Norfolk Ferries.
89
116
REAL ESTATE AND COMMANDEERING DIVISION..
APPENDIX VII.
Organization and functions-Cooperation of National Association of Real Estate Boards-Recommendations as to general
policy-Acquisition of properties-Method of appraisal-Negotiating for purchase-Contract for property-Settlement
record-Requisition of properties-Requisition of vacant houses-Procedure for requisition of fee-Procedure for requisi-
tion of use Leases and loans-Liquidation policy since armistice-Assistance of the National Association of Real Estate
Boards Policy in reference to choice of site-Closing of contracts Other policies of the division-Statistical summary-
Importance of community appraisals-Causes of delay in payment-Rental and sale of houses constructed by the Corpo-
ration Need of Federal real estate bureau-Real estate policy since the armistice-Personnel-Forms used by Real Estate
Division-Instructions to negotiators-Forms for requisition of real property-Forms for purchase of property--Table of
properties requisitioned-Table of properties purchased.
Supplemental report of the Real Estate Division-Sale of houses-Table of houses sold-Disposal of vacant land-Summary
of properties retained-Summary of sales.
ARCHITECTURAL DIVISION..
APPENDIX VIII.
Purpose-Organization-Policy-Standardization of plans-Standardization of details-Adaptation of house plans to local
conditions Economies through standardization-Activities since the armistice.
135
182
APPENDIX IX.
TOWN PLANNING DIVISION..
Purpose-Function Organization-Cooperation in community planning-Method of preparing plans-Data for future
work-Site plans and records—Activities since the armistice.
APPENDIX X.
ENGINEERING DIVISION..
History and purpose-Municipal utilities-Relations with municipal governments-Negotiations with utility companies-
Statistics of loans-Organization-Functions-Field engineering-Engineering cooperation-Choice of sites-Cricitism of
municipal assessments Consolidation of divisions-Conclusion.
APPENDIX XI.
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188
Requirements DIVISION..
Promotion of housing by private enterprise-Home-building corporations Cooperation with Council of National Defense-
Volume of residential construction under Federal license-Value of coordinated private home-building.
Materials Information Branch: Organization and purpose-Conferences with War Industries Board-Standards for construc-
tion-Fire prevention and protection-Restrictions in use of metal.
Estimating Branch: Function-Method of work-Organization of Estimating Branch-Summary of work accomplished.
Forms for home-building committees Form letters regarding conservation of materials.
CONSTRUCTION DIVISION..
APPENDIX XII.
Purpose Organization-Traveling supervisors-Letting construction contracts-Letting subcontracts-Project managers—
The field organization-Cost Engineering Branch-Materials Procurement Branch-Summary of Activities-Causes of
cost and delay-Emergency and Powder Plant Construction Branch-Repair Branch-Form used for submission of bids-
Summary of contracts as of June 30, 1919.
THE COST OF HOUSING, by LeRoy K. Sherman, President, United States Housing Corporation: Frame houses-Specifications—
Cost-Cost of building materials-Unit scale of wages-Hollow tile and brick houses-Overhead, land, and utilities-Exist-
ing housing problem with reference to increased cost of building-Comparative cost of modern six-room frame house for 1913
and 1919 Comparative cost of modern six-room house of hollow tile, stuccoed, for 1913 and 1919-Comparative cost of
modern six-room house of brick, face brick exterior, for 1913 and 1919-House building materials, comparison of unit prices,
1914-1919-Union scale of wages in the building trades, June, 1913–1919.
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DIVISION..
APPENDIX XIII.
Purpose and organization—The labor supply-Experiments in securing labor-Housing projects and the draft-The eight-
hour work day and overtime-War-time wage conditions-Wage rates and the limited labor supply-The need for Govern-
ment regulation-Some effects of uncontrolled competition-Efforts to establish centralized control-Cooperation of Housing
Bureau with other Government departments-Practices of contractors under competition-Housing projects and the labor
supply-Labor provisions in contract-Labor conditions on housing projects-Welfare work on housing projects-Demands
of workers on housing projects-Labor disputes on housing projects-Limitation of output on housing projects-Labor turn-
over on housing projects Statistics of employment-Wages as a factor in the determination of rentals-Salary increases
and promotions for Corporation employees-Time clocks Special labor canvass-Other activities of the division-Personnel.
192
200
222
OPERATING DIVISION
APPENDIX XIV.
284
Organization and purpose Statistics of property management Selection of tenants-Rent collection and inspection-
Community facilities-Cafeterias and hotels-Rental policy-Suggestions to tenants Sample weekly reports-Description
of properties-Lease forms.
Furniture and Equipment Section-Purchase of equipment-Installation of furniture.
Insurance Section-Fire protection.
GOVERNMENT HOTELS.
APPENDIX XV.
History-Purposes-Description-Staff-Duties of staff-The guests-The service-The finances-Expense by room-month
units Expense by meal-month units.
COMMITTEE ON REQUISITIONED HOUSES.....
APPENDIX XVI.
The problem-The Washington committee on equipment of houses-Selection of houses to be commandeered-Requisition
proceedings--Appraisal of requisitioned properties-Effect of commandeering Operation vs. release of houses--Furnished
houses Repairs Pressure of demand for houses-Washington Division, Homes Registration Service-I eases of re uisi-
tioned properties Furniture Limitation of use of requisitioned properties Operation of houses-Effect of the armistice
Personnel---Government-owned houses in the District of Columbia managed by the Housing Corporation-Tables of com-
mandeered houses in Washington, D. C.-Reports on Department of Interir houses, houses under the Superintendent of
Public Buildings and Grounds, and houses in the southeast district of Washington.
WASHINGTON DIVISION, HOMES REGISTRATION SERVICE..
APPENDIX XVII.
History-Placements-Other service to war workers-The housing shortage-Loans to boarding-house keepers-Management
of commandeered houses-Management of houses transferred from Interior Department and the Superintendent of Public
Buildings and Grounds.
FISCAL DIVISION
APPENDIX XVIII.
Introduction-Scope and policy-Organization-Field organization and operations-Statement for period ending July 31,
1919, Philadelphia-Working methods-Accounting section-Administrative audit---Routine of auditing field payments-
Freight and traffic-Insurance Commissary-Method of accounting in commissaries operated by contractors-Plant
account-Field instructions-Equipment for field office-Instructions to timekeeper and paymaster-Sequence of material
purchases and receipts-Accounting and forms-Accomplishments.
296
312
326
328
Advisory work and conferences Incorporation-Taxability of corporate property-Matters involving real property--Drafting
of contracts-General construction contracts-Contracts providing for transportation facilities--Contracts with municipali-
ties and public utility companies-Work following the armistice-Employment of local counsel-Personnel of Legal Divi-
sion-Form of agreement for payments in lieu of taxes-Form of agreement for payments in lieu of taxes in cases where no
previous agreement with city exists---Form of transportation agreement-New form of contract for general construction work.
APPENDIX XXI.
HAMPTON ROADS DISTRICT. -
The war program-The labor problem-Preliminary action-Selection of sites-Preliminary organization and activities-
Organization of branch office-Development of community facilities-Effect of armistice on program-Operation of prop-
erties.
APPENDIX XXII.
PACIFIC COAST DIVISION...
Construction contemplated before armistice-Establishment of Pacific Coast Division-Organization and function--Con-
struction undertaken-Statistical summary-Changes since armistice.
SALES AND ADJUSTMENTS...
APPENDIX XXIII. .
Sales Branch: Organization and function-Statistical summary of sales-Personnel-Statistics of sales by projects, as of
June 30, 1919-Cancellation of contracts and sale of furniture-Organization of selling agency for furniture and equipment-
Disposition of furniture and equipment to June 30, 1919.
Adjustment Committee: Purpose-Method-Statistics of adjustments-Personnel.
COMMISSION ON LIVING CONDITIONS.
APPENDIX XXIV.
Organization and purpose-War Workers' Community Service-Porto Ricans employed on Army construction-Living
conditions in Washington, D. C.-Conferences of Federal agencies serving communities-Change of plan due to armistice-
Conferences attended-Housing policy of the Federal Government-Finances-Summary statement covering the purposes
and progress of the conference of Federal agencies serving communities-Tentative statement concerning proposed perma-
nent conference of Federal agencies serving communities,
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371
378
382
387