cessary; for the Peace between Portugal and France was signed on the 29th of September, at Madrid, and your Treaty, in two days afterwards, at London the French and English Governments, therefore, at the time of signing the Treaty between them, necessarily looked upon Portugal as in a state of War with France, and, consequently, the integrity stipulated for, referred to the commencement of the War. The cessions, then, which, by the Treaty of the 29th of September, Portugal makes to France in South America, are annulled by the Treaty of Downing-street, as are also the clauses of the Fifth Article of that Treaty, which limit the sovereignty of Portugal, with respect to commercial regulations, and in direct hostility to Great-Britain. Your Lordship has, I know (after consulting your friend Citizen Orro) publicly declared, upon being asked a second time, that the cessions made to France by the Treaty of Madrid, of the 29th Sep tember are not now to take place, and that they are annulled by the Treaty of Downing-street; but, my Lord, the Moniteur, which was received at my house much about the same moment that your Lordship was making this declaration, informs me, that the Treaty of Madrid of the 29th of September, has been

ratified

sans aucип

ratified by the French Government, "changement." This article of news comes to us under the signature of BUONAPARTE, and the counter-signature of TALLEYRAND, a couple of citizens who are not apt to eat their words, and whose authority I am sure your Lordship will not dispute, though fifty Portugals were at stake.

In the course of these Letters, my Lord, I have troubled you with no predictions on the effects, which this Peace will have on the manners, the morals, and the politics of this kingdom; if, after what you have seen during the last eleven years, you have any doubts on that subject, verily, verily, say unto you, in the language of the Gospel, "neither would you believe, though one rose from "the dead."

I

I remain, my Lord,

Your Lordship's most obedient,

And most humble Servant,

WM. COBBETT.

U

LETTERS

TO THE

RIGHT HONOURABLE

HENRY ADDINGTON,

CHANCELLOR OF HIS MAJESTY'S EXCHEQUER,

ON THE FATAL EFFECTS

OF THE

PEACE WITH BUONAPARTE,

PARTICULARLY WITH RESPECT TO

THE COLONIES, THE COMMERCE, THE MANUFAC

TURES, AND THE CONSTITUTION,

OF THE

UNITED KINGDOM.

BY WILLIAM COBBETT.