pagne; - faculté laissée au gouvernement espagnol de payer moitié 1828 en argent, moitié en inscriptions; la convention du 12 Mars 1823 - est, sauf les modifications apportées par la présente convention, maintenue en vigueur. Suivent les formules d'inscriptions. HANOVRE ET BRÊME (VILLE Convention, entre le Hanovre et la ville libre de Brême, con- MECKLENBOURG-SCHWERIN ET PRUSSE. Déclaration, relative aux mesures concertées entre la Prusse et le Voir Gesetzsammlung für die preuss. Staaten, 1828, no 17, p. 133, et Nouv. Recueil de BAVIÈRE ET RUSSIE. Convention, entre la Russie et la Bavière, concernant l'extension réciproque de la franchise du droit de détraction au royaume de Pologne, publiée à Munich, le 21 Novembre 1828. Voir Regierungsblatt für das Königreich Baiern, 1828, no 48, p. 657, et Nouv. Recueil de MARTENS, t. VII, p. 765. 1828 SAXE-ALTENBOURG ET WURTEMBERG. Convention, entre le Wurtemberg et le duché de Saxe-Altenbourg, Voir Regierungsblatt für das Königreich Würtemberg, 1828, no 69, et Nouv. Recueil de HESSE-CASSEL ET DUCHÉS DE SAXE. Traité, entre la Hesse électorale, d'un côté, et la Saxe grand- Voir Gesetzsammlung für das Herzogthum Gotha, 1828, no 20, p. 17, et Nouv. Recueil de Ces divers états font partie aujourd'hui de l'association des douanes, ou Zollverein: voir ce mot à l'Index. BRÉSIL ET ÉTATS-UNIS D'AMÉRIQUE. Traité de paix, d'amitié, de commerce et de navigation, entre les ART. 1. There shall be a perfect, firm and inviolable peace and friendship between the United-Staates of America and their citizens, and His Imperial Majesty, his successors and subjects throughout their possessions and territories respectively, without distinction of persons or places. ART. II. The United-States of America, and His Majesty the emperor of Brazil, desiring to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally 4828 friendly with all, engage mutually, not to grant any particular favor to other nations in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. It is understood however, that the ralations and conventions which now exist or may hereafter exist between Brazil and Portugal, shall form an exception to this article. ART. III. The two high contracting parties being likewise desirous of placing the commerce and navigation of their respective countries, on the liberal basis of perfect equality and reciprocity mutually agree, that the citizens and subjects of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, and reside and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures and merchandise: and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which native citizens or subjects do, or shall enjoy, submitting themselves, to the laws, decrees, and usages, there established, to which native citizens or subjects are subjected. Bud it is understood that this article does not include the coasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties respectively, according to their own separate laws. ART. IV. They likewise agree that whatever kind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise, of any foreign country, can be from time to time, lawfully imported into the United-States, in their own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of Brazil: and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo, shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in the vessels of the one country or the other. And in like manner, that whatever hind of produce, manufactures, or merchandise of any foreign country, can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into empire of Brazil, in its own vessels, may be also imported in vessels of the United-States: and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel and her cargo, shall be levied or collected whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country, or of the other. And they agree that whatever may be lawfully exported, or re-exported from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may in like manner, be exported or re-exported in the vessels of the other country. And the same bounties, duties, and drawbacks, shall be allowed and collected, whether such exportation, or re-exportation, be made in vessels of the United-States, or of the empire of Brazil. The government of the United-States how ་ 4828 ever considering the present state of the navigation of Brazil, agree that a vessel shall be considered as Brazilian, when the proprieto and captain are subjects of Brazil and the papers are in legal form. ART. V. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the im portation into the United-States, of any articles the produce or manu factures of the empire of Brazil, and no higher or other duties sha be imposed on the importation into the empire of Brazil, of an articles the produce or manufactures of the United-States, than ar or shall be payable on the like articles, being the produce or manu factures of any other foreign country: nor shall any higher or othe duties, or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on th exportation of any articles to the United-States, or to the empire Brazil respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation the like article to any other foreign country: nor shall any prohibitio be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles, th produce or manufactures of the United-States, or of the empire Brazil, to or from the territories of the United-States, or to or from the territories of the empire of Brazil, which shall not equally exten to all other nations. ART. VI. It is likewise agreed, that it shall be wholly free for al merchants, commanders of ships, and other citizens or subjects both countries, to manage themselves their own business, in alle th ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as we with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and mer chandise by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, un loading and sending of their ships; they being in all these cases t be treated as citizens or subjects of the country in which they reside or at least to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens the most favored nation. ART. VII. The citizens and subjects of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to any embargo, nor be detained with thei vessels, cargoes, or merchandize or effects, for any military expedi tion, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those interested, sufficient indemnification. ART. VIII. Whenever the citizens or subjects of either of the con tracting parties shall be forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers bays, ports or dominions of the other, with their vessels whether o merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection, for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindance of any kind. ART. IX. All the ships, merchandise and effects belonging to the 1828 citizens or subjects, of one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, whether within the limits of its jurisdiction, or on the high seas, and may be carried, or found in the rivers, roads, ports, bays, or dominions of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper form, their rights before the competent tribunals: it being well understood, that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective governments. ART. X. When any vessel belonging to the citizens or subjects of either of the contracting parties, shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage, on the coasts, or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation, where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost or contribution whatever, until they may be exported, unless they be destined for consumption. ART. XI. The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have power to dispose of their personal goods within the juris.. diction of the other, by sale, donation, testament or otherwise; and their representatives, being citizens or subjects of the other party, shall succeed to the said personal goods, whether by testament, or ab intestato, and they may take possession thereof, either by themselves, or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country wherein said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases: and if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs would be prevented from entering into the possession of the inheritance, on account of their character of aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years, to dispose of the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, nor any other charges than those which are imposed by the laws of the country. ART. XII. Both te contracting parties promise and engage formally to give their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens and subjects of each other, of all occupations who may be in their territories, subject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial intercourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary, with the natives or citizens and subjects of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ, in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, |