GENERAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS-Continued. Musicians, American Federation of. Spinners' Association. Cotton Mule. Oil and Gas Well Workers, International Brother-Stage Employés' National Alliance, Theatrical. hood of. Painters, Decorators, and Paperhangers of Amer- Paper-Makers of America, United Brotherhood of. Plumbers, Gas Fitters, Steam Fitters, and Steam Printing Pressmen's Union, International. Railway Employés of America, Amalgamated Railroad Telegraphers, Order of. NATIONAL Stove Mounters' International Union. Tile-Layers' Union, International Mosaic and Watch-Case Makers, International. of North Weavers' Amalgamated Association, Elastic Weavers' Protective Association, American Wire. NOT AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR. Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. Stone Cutters' Association. Bricklayers and Masons' Union. KNIGHTS OF LABOR. General Master Workman, Henry A. Hicks, Duke Street, Kearny, N. J.; General Worthy Foreman. Arthur McConnell, Box 26, Pensacola, Fla.; General Secretary-Treasurer, John W. Hayes, 43 B Street, Washington, D. C.; General Executive Board, I. D. Chamberlain, Pueblo, Col.; Thomas J. O'Rielly, 405 Eighth Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., and I. H. Sanderson, Room 7, 75 Adelaide Street, Toronto, Ont. This organization claims a membership of 200,000. General Assembly organized at Reading, Pa., in 1878. The next General Assembly will be held at Niagara Fails, Ont. STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1881-1900. *Not including the number in thirty-three establishments for which these data were not obtainable. Permanent Board to Settle Labor Disputes. AT the conference of representatives of Capital and Labor, held in New York December 17, 1901, under the auspices of the National Civic Federation, the following Permanent Board was appointed to settle differences between employés and the labor unions: On Behalf of the Public.-Grover Cleveland, Cornelius N. Bliss, Charles Francis Adams, Archbishop John Ireland, Bishop Henry C. Potter, Charles W. Eliot, President Harvard University; Franklin MacVeagh, Chicago; James H. Eckels, John J. McCook, John G. Milburn, Buffalo; Charles J. Bonaparte, Baltimore; Oscar S. Straus, Ralph M. Easley. Representatives of Organized Labor.-Samuel Gompers, President of the American Federation of Labor; John Mitchell, President of the United Mine Workers; F. P. Sargent, Grand Master of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen; T. J. Shaffer, President of the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers; James Duncan, Secretary of the Granite Cutters' Association Daniel J, Keefe, President of the International Association of Longshoremen; Martin Fox, President of the National Iron-Moulders' Union; James E. Lynch, President of the International Typographical Union; Edward E. Clarke, Grand Conductor Brotherhood of Railway Conductors; Henry White, Secretary of the Garment Workers of America; Walter MacArthur, editor of The Coast Seaman's Journal, San Francisco; James O'Connell, President of the International Association of Machinists. Re resentative Employers.-Senator Marcus A. Hanna, Cleveland; Charles M. Schwab, President United States Steel Corporation; S. R. Callaway, American Locomotive Works; Charles Moore, President National Tool Company; J. D. Rockefeller, Jr.; H. H. Vreeland, Metropolitan Street Railway Company; Lewis Nixon, Crescent Shipyard, Elizabethport, N. J.; James A. Chambers, President American Glass Company, Pittsburgh, Pa.; William H. Pfahler, President National Association Stove Manufacturers, Philadelphia, Pa.; E. P. Ripley, President Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railway: Marcus M. Marks, President of National Association Clothing Manufacturers; J. Kruttschnitt, President of Southern Pacific Railway Company. Principal Trusts in the United States." (Prepared for THE WORLD ALMANAC by Byron W. Holt.) * 163 LEADING CORPORATE INDUSTRIAL TRUSTS.† (Corrected to December 1, 1901.) American Hide and Leather Co. (30 com-) American Bicycle Co. (56 plants, 60 per cent 1899 N.J.. New York.... of all in United States and Canada.)...... 1899 N.J.. New York .... American Brass Co. (4 cos. in Connecticut)... 1900 Ct.... Waterbury... American Can Co. (85 per cent of cans in United States, allied with Tinplate Trust).. 1901 N.J.. New York.......... American Caramel Co. (consol. 3 cos.). 1898 Pa.... York.... American Car and Foundry Co. (railroad cars -15 plants, 26,000 men). 1899 N.J.. St. L. & N.Y. American Cement Co. (mills in Pa. & N.Y.).. 1899 N.J. Philadelphia American Cereal Co. (mills and stores in U.S.) 1891 Ohio.. Akron... American Chicle Co. (6 chewing gum companies, 85 per cent of all).... 1899 N.J.. New York Am. Cotton Oil Co. (123 properties in U. S.). 1889 N.J.. New York panies-85 per cent upper leather output)..1899 N.J.. New York American Iron and Steel Mfg. Co. (5 Lebanon and Reading companies.).. 1899 Pa.... Lebanon... Am. Linseed Co. (82 oil cake, etc., plants).... 1898 N.J.. New York 1899 N.J.. New York... 1,625,000 1,625,000 (6) 500,000 (5) 1899 N.J.. New York.. big cities) 1896 N.J.. New York Am. Locomotive Co.(8 cos.,1,700 locomotives) 1901 N.Y.. New York.... 25,000,000 24,100,000 (7) 1,312,500 (5) other plants). 1897 N.J.. New York put of United States)... American Plow Co. (120 leading farm machin- Am. Pneumatic Service Co. (4 or more cos.). American Telephone and Telegraph Co. (owns 1899 N.J.. Boston.... 1899 Pa.... Pittsburgh.... Bell and other cos., over 50 big plants).... 1885 N.Y.. Boston California Fruit Canners' Ass'n (15 cos., 75 1899 N.J.. Sp'gfield, Mass 1899 Eng.. London 1900 Cal... San Fran..... Celluloid Co. (several concerns consolidated) 189 N.J.. New York Chicago Junction R'y and Union Stock Yards 1890 Eng.. Chicago 1897 Ct.... Philadelphia.. 4,727,650 3,951,350 (6) 464,000 (6) .... Massachusetts Breweries Co. (10 breweries in Boston).... stock of 5 great spirits and whiskey cos.).. 1899 N.J.. New York.. Electric Boat Co. (controls 3 companies)....1899 N.J.. New York..... Eastman Kodak Co. (world trust-controls Kodak, Limited, General Aristo, etc.)......1901 N.J.. Electric Storage Battery Co. (12 or 15 United 1899 N.J.. Philadelphia 1888 N.J.. Philadelphia. Electric Vehicle Co. (controls 3 auto. cos.)... 1897 N.J.. New York.... Erie Telegraph and Telephone Co. (controls 5 'phone companies in 7 W. and S. States).... 1883 N.Y.. Lowell, Mass.. General Chemical Co. (17 companies-controls heavy chemicals)... General Electric Co. (controls or pools with Glucose Sugar Refining Co. (6 companies, 1892 N.Y.. Schenectady.. 1897 N.J.. Jersey City... 1901 N.J.. Chicago New York... 1899 N.J Herring-Hall-Marvin Safe Co. (4 companies) 1900 N.J.. New York.. Hydraulic Press Brick Co. (14 companiescontrols in Western States)..... ... 1898 N.Y.. Corinth, N.Y. Illinois Brick Co. (controls business in State) 1900 Ill. National Salt Co. (95 per cent U.S. outpu 1899 N.J.. New York..... 1893 N.Y.. New York.... 1901 N.J.. New York.... 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1898 N.J.. New York.... 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1885 I... Chicago Pittsburgh.. Macbeth-Evans Glass Co. (5 chimney cos.)... 1899 Marsden Co. (cellulose and smokeless powder) 1897 N.J.. Philadelphia. Maryland Brewing Co. (all companies in Baltimore-17).. 1901 N.J.. New York.... $17,100,000 30,000,000 $157,844,600 (4) 54,500,000 (6) $14,000,000 (8) 11.001,700 12,000,00 (6) 48,846,100 48,844,600 (7) 25,000,000 25,000,000 (7) 1899 N.Y.. New York.... Mo... St. Louis.... 3,000,000 1899 Md... Baltimore .... National Biscuit Co. (controls cracker and baking east of Rocky Mountains)..... National Carbon Co. (all companies in United States and three-quarters in world).. National Casket Co. (numerous coffin, etc., companies absorbed).. National Enamelling and Stamping Co. (10) companies, tin, galvanized, etc., ware)... National Fire-Proofing Co.(4 companies, terra cotta, tile, etc., fire-proofing). National Glass Co. (19 tableware companies, pools with outside companies). National Lead Co. (successor to Lead Trustmany plants).... National Starch Co. (4 big companies and agreements with others). National Sugar Refining Co. (3 companies not in American Sugar Refining Co.).. New England Brick Co. (25 concerns in New England and New York). New England Cotton Yarn Co. (5 companies, 620,000 spindles).. 1900 N.J.. New York.... 1900 N.J.. New York.... 1900 N.J.. Boston....... 1899 N.J.. New Bedford. Niles Bement-Pond Co. (5 cos., tool works).. 1899 N.J.. New York.... Otis (Passenger) Elevator Co. (7 companies, 90 per cent of United States industry)..... 1808 N.J.. New York.... Pa. Central Brewing Co. (12 Pa. cos.).... 1897 Pa... Scranton. Pittsburgh Coal Co. (railroad coal combine, 19,000,000 tons). Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. (10 plants, agrees with other companies).. Pressed Steel Car Co. (2 companies, 4 plants, Pullman Co. (absorbed Wagner Co. in 1899).. 1867 Ill... Chicago...... Republic Iron and Steel Co. (30 companies, Royal Baking Powder Co. (consolidation, 5 leading companies). 1899 N.J.. Chicago...... 1899 N.J.. Pittsburgh... 1882 Pa.... Pittsburgh... 1899 N.J.. Pittsburgh.. 1896 N.J.. New York.... 1899 N.J.. New York.... Rubber Goods Mfg. Co. (13 companies, tires, mechanical goods, etc.)... Safety Car Heating and Lighting Co. (3 companies absorbed).. St. Louis Breweries, Limited (18 breweries)...... Eng.. St. Louis... Standard Chain Co. (12 nail, chain, and wire Standard Milling Co. (19 mills in Minnesota, Standard Table Oil Cloth Co. (7 leading com- 1899 N.J.. 1900 N.J.. Pittsburgh.... 1900 N.J.. New York.. 1882 N.J.. New York.. 1895 N.J.. New York.... 1899 N.J.. Pittsburgh.... 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1901 N.J.. New York.... 1885 Ill.... Chicago 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1860 Tenn. Nashville Trenton Potteries Co. (5 big Trenton cos.).... 1892 N.J.. Trenton Union Bag and Paper Co. (7 c mpanies, 95 per cent paper bags of United States).....1899 N.J.. Chicago.... Union Carbide Co. (consolidated calcium carbide plants)... Union Typewriter Co. (5 leading companies). 1893 N.J.. Chicago... £900,000 5,000,000 3,000,000 (7) 1898 Va.... Chicago U. S. Cast-Iron Pipe and Foundry Co. (12) companies, 75 per cent of U, S. output).... 1899 N.J.. New York.... U. S. Cotton Duck Corporation (7 companies, U. S. Finishing Co. (4 big dyeing and finish- U.S. Glass Co. (flint glass, not in National U. S. Leather Co. (sole leather trust).. 1901 N.J.. Baltimore.... 1898 Me... Springfield... 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1891 Ohio.. Cincinnati U. S. Reduction and Refining Co. (4 Col. cos.) 1901 Col... Col. Springs.. U. S. Rubber Co. (12 cos., boots, shoes, etc.). 1892 N.J.. New York.... U. S. Steel Corporation (owns the stock of 11 great companies, 75 p. c. U. S. industry) 1901 N.J.. New York.... American Bridge Co. (26 companies,90 per cent bridge tonnage of United States). 1900 N.J.. New York.... Ame ican Sheet Steel Co. (26 companies). 1900 N.J.. New York.... American Steel Hoop Co (11 companies, 700,000 tons bands, hoops, etc.)..... American Steel and Wire Co. of N. J. (27) cos.-controls United States industry). 1899 N.J.. New York.... 1891 Pa... Pittsburgh.. 1893 N.J.. New York.. 1894 N.J.. Cincinnati.... 3,458,100 62,869,800 690,000 (4) 62,269,800 (6) 5,280,000 (6) 3,600,000 (4) 3,376,300 (5) 3,375,900 23,525,500 3,000,000 (6) 508,363,800 (4)510,196,400 (7) 801,000,000 (5) 30,527,800 (7) 24,500,000 (7) 1899 N.J.. New York..... 19,000,000 14,000,000 (7) American Tin Plate Co. (265 mills-95 per Location Com. Stock. Pref. Stock. Bonds. 1900 N.J.. Pittsburgh. 1898 N.J.. New York.... 1899 N.J.. New York.... cent of all in United States in 1898).... 1898 N.J.. New York.... Virginia Iron, Coal, and Coke Co. (proper- Westinghouse Electric and Mfg. Co. (5 com- 1895 N.J.. Richmond.... 1899 Va.... Bristol ... 1889 Pa. Pittsburgh... *Trust, as popularly understood, means a consolidation, combine, pool, or agreement of two or more naturally competing concerns, which establishes a limited monopoly with power to fix prices or rates in any industry or group of industries. +These 163 industrial combinations, or trusts, are selected from over 4,000 of the corporations described in "Moody's Manual of Corporation Securities." They were selected not because of their size, but because they are combines in their various industries. The amount of stock issued is taken when known; when not known the amount authorized is given. The rates of dividend given on preferred stocks are usually the rates to which these stocks are entitled. The rates actually paid are often less, especially when there is no dividend paid on the common stock. Besides the incorporated industrial trusts there are innumerable price and rate-fixing agreements, profit-sharing pools, selling or buying agencies, product-restricting agreements, etc. They exist in nearly every industry and in nearly every State and city. They are often very effective for longer or shorter periods. Thus, much of the profits of the steel-rail makers during the last fifteen years is due to the Steel-Rail Manufacturers' Association. Pools or agreements control the prices of steel beams, steel billets, armor plate, and, in fact, with intermittent relapses, the prices of most important steel and hardware products. The price for iron ores in the Great Lake districts is fixed yearly by the Bessemer and non-Bessemer Associations. The Anthracite Coal Trust was never more than an agreement by the principal carrying railroads of production, freight rates, and prices. The Paris Green Trust, which has sometimes doubled the price of this commodity at the beginning of the potato-bug season, usually lasts but a few months and appears at irregular intervals. Wholesale and retail grocers and druggists are more or less effective in controlling prices in most States and cities. Lumber dealers and chemical manufacturers have many price and selling agreements or pools. Natural monopolies, such as railroads, street railways, gas, electric light, and water companies are not classed as trusts because they are not composed of naturally competing concerns. Consolidations and price and rate-fixing agreements in these industries exist in nearly every city in the country. Many of the combinations in these lines are very important. Our greatest railroads have rate-fixing agreements or "community of interest" understandings for controlling rates and the distribution of freights. Besides they are rapidly coming together, through absorption into larger companies, so that competition no longer exists in most sections of the country. The new Northern Securities Company is expected to unite railroads whose stocks and bonds are worth more than $1,000,000,000. The Metropolitan Street Railway Company of New York City now owns or controls the entire surface roads of the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx. Its capital is $52,000,000. Its bonded indebtedness about $100,000,000. Besides it has guaranteed dividends on about $30,000,000 of stock of the subsidiary companies. The Consolidated Gas Company of New York owns or controls all of the lighting and heating plants in Manhattan and the Bronx. Its outstanding capital is $72,878,500. Its bonded debt is $1,469,000. The bonds of its constituent companies amount to $69,638,957. The street railway and gas companies of New York City are duplicated, on a smaller scale, in most important cities. The People's Gas-Light and Coke Company of Chicago, the United Gas Improvement Company of Philadelphia, Brooklyn Union Gas Company of Brooklyn, Consolidated Gas Company of Baltimore, the Laclede Gas Company of St. Louis are some of the best known samples of local monopolies in the lighting line. The Chicago Union Traction Company, the Union Traction Company of Philadelphia, the B.ooklyn Rapid Transit Company, the Boston Elevated Railway Company, the International Traction Company of Buffalo, the Twin City Rapid Transit Company of Minneapolis and St. Paul are some of the best known samples of street railway monopolies. League of American Wheelmen. President-Horatio S. Earle, 705 Fourth Avenue, Detroit, Mich. First Vice-President-George C. Pennell, New York City. Second Vice-President-W. A. Howell, Rockville, Ct. Treasurer-James C. Tattersall, Trenton, N. J. Secretary and Editor-Abbot Bassett, 221 Columbus Avenue, Boston, Mass. Any white person, of good character, with the indorsement of two League members, is eligible to membership. Dues are $2 first year, and $1 subsequent years. Associate membership, 50 cents. Life membership, $10. Silk Production. THE Lyons Silk Merchants' Union has published the following statistics of silk production for 1899: China (export), 24,607,000 pounds; Italy. 7,398,600 pounds; Asiatic Turkey 2,059,200 pounds; France, 1,232,000 pounds; India, 770,000 pounds; Caucasus, 682,000 pounds; AustriaHungary, 607,200 pounds; European Turkey, 528,000 pounds; Persia and Turkestan (export), 528,000 pounds; Spain, 171,600 pounds; Greece, 74, 800 pounds. Total, 38, 658, 400 pounds. |