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6. Contested elections for governor or lieutenant governor shall be determined by the General Assembly, in such manner as may be prescribed by law.

7. No person shall be eligible to the office of governor or lieutenant governor who shall not have been five years a citizen of the United States, and also a resident of the State of Indiana during the five years next preceding his election; nor shall any person be eligible to either of the said offices who shall not have attained the age of thirty years.

8. No member of Congress, or person holding any office under the United States, or under this State, shall fill the office of governor or lieutenant governor.

9. The official term of the governor and lieutenant governor shall commence on the second Monday of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, and on the same day every fourth year thereafter.

10. In case of the removal of the governor from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the duties of the office, the same shall devolve on the lieutenant governor; and the General Assembly shall by law provide for the case of removal from office, death, resignation, or inability, both of the governor and lieutenant governor, declaring what officer shall then act as governor; and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a governor be elected.

11. Whenever the lieutenant governor shall act as governor, or shall be unable to attend as president of the Scnate, the Senate shall elect one of its own members as president for the occasion.

12. The governor shall be commander-in-chief of the military and naval forces, and may call out such forces to execute the laws, or to suppress insurrection, or to repel invasion.

13. He shall from time to time give to the General Assembly information touching the condition of the State, and recommend such measures as he shall judge to be expedient.

14. Every bill which shall have passed the General Assembly shall be presented to the governor; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it shall have originated, which house shall enter the objections at large upon its journals, and proceed to reconsider the bill. If after such consideration a majority of all the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, with the governor's objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and if approved by a majority of all the members elected to that house, it shall be a law. If any bill shall not be returned by the governor within three days, Sundays excepted, after it shall have been presented to him, it shall be a law without his signature, unless the general adjournment shall prevent its return, in which case it shall be a law, unless the governor within five days next after such adjournment shall file such bill, with his objections

thereto, in the office of secretary of state, who shall lay the same before the General Assembly at its next session, in like manner as if it had been returned by the governor. But no bill shall be presented to the governor within two days next previous to the final adjournment of the General Assembly.

15. The governor shall transact all necessary business with the officers of government, and may require information in writing from the officers of the administrative department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices.

16. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed.

17. He shall have the power to grant reprieves, commutations and pardons, after conviction, for all offences except treason and cases of impeachment, subject to such regulations as may be provided by law. Upon conviction for treason, he shall have power to suspend the execution of the sentence until the case shall be reported to the General Assembly at its next meeting, when the General Assembly shall either grant a pardon, commute the sentence, direct the execution of the sentence, or grant a further reprieve. He shall have power to remit fines and forfeitures, under such regulations as may be prescribed by law; and shall report to the General Assembly at its next meeting each case of reprieve, commutation, or pardon granted, and also the names of all persons in whose favor remission of fines and forfeitures shall have been made, and the several amounts remitted: Provided, however, that the General Assembly may by law constitute a council, to be composed of officers of State, without whose advice and consent the governor shall not have power to grant pardons in any case, except such as may by law be left to his sole power.

18. When, during a recess of the General Assembly, a vacancy shall happen in any office, the appointment to which is vested in the General Assembly; or when at any time a vacancy shall have occurred in any other State office, or in the office of judge of any court, the governor shall fill such vacancy by appointment, which shall expire when a successor shall have been elected and qualified. 19. He shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies as may have occurred in the General Assembly.

20. Should the scat of government become dangerous from disease or a common enemy, he may convene the General Assembly at any other place.

21. The lieutenant governor shall, by virtue of his office, be president of the Senate, have a right when in committee of the whole to join in debate, and to vote on all subjects; and whenever the Senate shall be equally divided, he shall give the casting vote.

22. The governor shall at stated times receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the term for which he shall have been elected.

23. The lieutenant governor, while he shall act as president of the Senate, shall receive for his services the same compensation as the

speaker of the House of Representatives; and any person acting as governor shall receive the compensation attached to the office of governor.

24. Neither the governor nor lieutenant governor shall be eligible to any other office during the term for which he shall have been elected.

ARTICLE VI.—Administrative.

SEC. 1. There shall be elected by the voters of the State, a secretary, an auditor and a treasurer of state, who shall severally hold their offices for two years. They shall perform such duties as may be enjoined by law; and no person shall be eligible to either of said offices more than four years in any period of six years.

2. There shall be elected in each county by the voters thereof, at the time of holding general elections, a clerk of the circuit court, auditor, recorder, treasurer, sheriff, coroner and surveyor. The clerk, auditor and recorder, shall continue in office four years; and no person shall be eligible to the office of clerk, recorder or auditor, more than eight years in any period of twelve years. The treasurer, sheriff, coroner and surveyor, shall continue in office two years; and no person shall be eligible to the office of treasurer or sheriff more than four years in any period of six years.

3. Such other county and township officers as may be necessary, shall be elected or appointed in such manner as may be prescribed by law.

4. No person shall be elected or appointed as a county officer who shall not be an elector of the county; nor any one who shall not have been an inhabitant thereof during one year next preceding his appointment, if the county shall have been so long organized; but if the county shall not have been so long organized, then within the limits of the county or counties out of which the same shall have been taken.

5. The governor and the secretary, auditor and treasurer of state, shall severally reside, and keep the public records, books and papers in any manner relating to their respective offices, at the seat of government.

6. All county, township and town officers shall reside within their respective counties, townships and towns, and shall keep their respective offices at such places therein, and perform such duties as may be directed by law.

7. All State officers shall, for crime, incapacity, or negligence, be liable to be removed from office, either by impeachment by the House of Representatives, to be tried by the Senate, or by a joint resolution of the General Assembly, two-thirds of the members elected to each branch voting in either case therefor.

8. All State, county, township and town officers may be impeached or removed from office in such manner as may be prescribed by law.

9. Vacancies in county, township and town offices, shall be filled in such manner as may be prescribed by law.

10. The General Assembly may confer upon the boards doing county business in the several counties, powers of a local, administrative character.

ARTICLE VII.-Judicial.

SEC. 1. The judicial power of the State shall be vested in a supreme court, in circuit courts, and in such inferior courts as the General Assembly may establish.

2. The supreme court shall consist of not less than three, nor more than five judges, a majority of whom shall form a quorum. They shall hold their offices for six years, if they so long behave well.

3. The State shall be divided into as many districts as there are judges of the supreme court; and such districts shall be formed of contiguous territory, as nearly equal in population as, without divid ing a county, the same can be made. One of said judges shall be elected from each district, and reside therein; but said judges shall be elected by the electors of the State at large.

4. The supreme court shall have jurisdiction co-extensive with the limits of the State, in appeals and writs of error, under such regulations and restrictions as may be prescribed by law. It shall also have such original jurisdiction as the General Assembly may

confer.

5. The supreme court shall, upon the decision of every case, give a statement in writing of each question arising in the record of such case, and the decision of the court thereon.

6. The General Assembly shall provide by law for the speedy publication of the decisions of the supreme court made under this constitution; but no judge shall be allowed to report such decisions.

7. There shall be elected by the voters of the State, a clerk of the supreme court, who shall hold his office four years, and whose duties shall be prescribed by law.

8. The circuit courts shall each consist of one judge, and shall have such civil and criminal jurisdiction as may be prescribed by law. • 9. The State shall from time to time be divided into judicial circuits; and a judge for each circuit shall be elected by the voters thereof. He shall reside within the circuit, and shall hold his office for the term of six years, if he so long behave well.

10. The General Assembly may provide by law that the judge of one circuit may hold the courts of another circuit, in cases of necessity or convenience; and in case of temporary inability of any judge, from sickness or other cause, to hold the courts in his circuit, provision shall be made by law for holding such courts.

11. There shall be elected in each judicial circuit, by the voters thereof, a prosecuting attorney, who shall hold his office for two

years.

12. Any judge or prosecuting attorney who shall have been con

victed of corruption or other high crime, may, on information in the name of the State, be removed from office by the supreme court, or in such other manner as may be prescribed by law.

13. The judges of the supreme court and circuit courts shall at stated times receive a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.

14. A competent number of justices of the peace shall be elected by the voters in each township in the several counties. They shall continue in office four years, and their powers and duties shall be prescribed by law.

15. All judicial officers shall be conservators of the peace in their respective jurisdictions.

16. No person elected to any judicial office shall, during the term for which he shall have been elected, be eligible to any office of trust or profit under the State, other than a judicial office.

17. The General Assembly may modify or abolish the grand jury

system.

18. All criminal prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the State; and the style of all process shall be: "The State of Indiana."

19.. Tribunals of conciliation may be established, with such powers and duties as shall be prescribed by law; or the powers and duties of the same may be conferred upon other courts of justice; but such tribunals or other courts, when sitting as such, shall have no power to render judgment to be obligatory on the parties, unless they voluntarily submit their matters of difference, and agree to abide the judgment of such tribunal or court.

20. The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this constitution, shall provide for the appointment of three commissioners, whose duty it shall be to revise, simplify, and abridge the rules, practice, pleadings, and forms of the courts of justice. And they shall provide for abolishing the distinct forms of action at law now in use, and that justice shall be administered in a uniform mode of pleading, without distinction between law and equity. And the General Assembly may also make it the duty of said commissioners to reduce into a systematic code the general statute law of the State; and said commissioners shall report the result of their labors to the General Assembly, with such recommendations and suggestions as to abridgment and amendment as to said commissioners may seem necessary or proper. Provision shall be made by law for filling vacancies, regulating the tenure of office and the compensation of said commissioners.

21. Every person of good moral character, being a voter, shall be entitled to admission to practice law in all courts of justice.

ARTICLE VIII.-Education.

SEC. 1. Knowledge and learning generally diffused throughout a community being essential to the preservation of a free government,

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