III. As, agreeably to the preceding Article, with reference to the nationality of the Ships of both Parties, an equalization of the duties to be levied on their cargoes is to take place, so likewise shall every difference cease which may exist, in the amount of those duties, on account of the Ownership of such cargoes. The importation and exportation of all goods, wares, and articles of commerce, in Ships of the Contracting Parties, belonging to Royal Prussian Subjects, in the harbours of the free and Hanseatic Cities of Lubeck, Bremen and Hamburgh, shall, therefore, be subject to no higher or other import, export, or other duties, than the property of the Citizens of those Cities; and, vice versa, all goods, wares and articles of commerce, belonging to Citizens of the free and Hanseatic Cities of Lubeck, Bremen, and Hamburgh, in the Royal Prussian Harbours, shall be subject to no higher or other import, export, or other duties, than the property of Royal Prussian Subjects. IV. The Stipulations of the preceding Article shall be operative, in their full extent, not only when the Ships of either Party come directly from their national harbours, or return thereto, but also when they come immediately from, or are destined to, the harbours of a third State. V. Prussian Vessels, as well as those of Lubeck, Bremen and Hamburgh, shall reciprocally enjoy the rights and privileges assured to them by the present Treaty, provided that they be furnished with Ship's Passports and Muster-rolls, according to the Regulations of the Party whose Flag they may carry. VI. The Stipulations of the above Articles, I to IV, relative to the Ships of either Party and their cargoes, entering into or departing from their harbours respectively, shall also extend to the reciprocal commerce by River Navigation. For Ships of the River Navigation it will suffice, in proof of their Nationality, that they produce a Manifest, agreeably to the Act concerning the Weser Navigation, of the 10th of September, 1823* and to the concluding Protocol of the Commission for revising the navigation of the Elbe, dated Hamburgh, the 18th of September, 1824.† VII. Should the Contracting Parties deem it advisable, for the promotion of their reciprocal commercial interests, to enter into Additional Stipulations, all Articles which shall be concluded for that purpose shall be considered as forming a part of this Treaty. VIII. Although the present Treaty shall be considered valid in common to the Three free and Hanseatic Cities of Lubeck, Bremen and Hamburgh, it is nevertheless agreed, that no general obliga See Martens' Supplement, Vol. 10, Page 301. See Martens' Supplement, Vol. 10, Page 588. tion shall, in consequence, be binding upon their respective Governments, but that the cessation of any of the provisions of the Treaty with regard to one of them, shall have no effect upon the engagements which it contains on the part of the others; for which other Powers the Treaty shall, consequently, remain in full force. IX. The duration of the present Treaty, which shall come into effect from the day of the exchange of the Ratifications, is provisionally fixed for the period until the 1st of January, 1840; and if no notice be given, on either side, 12 months before the expiration of that period, it shall thenceforth be considered as subsisting for a year longer, and until the expiration of 12 months after such notice shall have been given. X. The present Treaty shall be ratified by the Contracting Parties, and the Instruments of Ratification exchanged at Berlin, within 5 weeks, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof this Treaty has been signed and sealed by the Plenipotentiaries on both sides. Done at Berlin, the 4th of October, 1828 (L.S.) ERNST MICHAELIS. (L.S.) LUDWIG AUGUST VON NEBEUR. [The Ratifications of this Treaty were exchanged at Berlin the 18th November, 1828.] TREATY between Hanover, THEIR Majesties the King of Great Britain, Ireland and Hanover, and the King of Saxony; their Royal Highnesses the Elector of Hesse, and the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Eisenach; their Serene Highnesses the Duke of Brunswick; the Landgrave of Hesse Homburg; the Dukes of Nassau, of Oldenburgh, of Saxe Altenburg, Saxe Coburg Gotha, and Saxe Meiningen; also their Serene Highnesses the Princes of Reuss, of the Senior and Junior Branches, at Gratz, at Lobenstein, and Ebersdorf, and at Schleitz; the Prince of SchwartzburgRudolstadt*; as also the High Senates of the Free Cities of Bremen and Frankfort;-with the mutual desire of giving effect to the Agreement signed at Frankfort on the Maine, on the 21st of May last, have nominated Plenipotentiaries, and have delegated the same to meet at Cassel, in order to the Conferences agreed upon to be held, namely: *The Prince of Schwatzburg Sondershausen acceded, subsequently, to this Treaty. His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland, and Hanover; Augustus Otto Lewis, Baron Von Grote, Privy Councillor, Director of War, Chancery, and Customs, Commander of the Royal Guelphic Order: His Majesty the King of Saxony; Hans George Von Carlowiz, of Oberschoena, Actual Privy Councillor, Prebendary of Merseburg, Chaplain of the Royal Saxon Order of Merit, Grand Cross of the Imperial Austrian Order of Leopold, Knight of the Imperial Russian Order of St. Anne, and of the Royal Prussian Order of St. John : His Royal Highness the Elector of Hesse; Charles Frederick Von Kopp, Privy Councillor, and President of the Chamber of Finance, Grand Cross of the Electoral Order of the Golden Lion: His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Eisenach; Dr. Christian William Schweitzer, Actual Privy Councillor, Grand Cross of the Grand Ducal Saxon Order of the White Falcon, Chaplain of the Royal Saxon Order of Merit, and Knight of the Imperial Russian Order of St. Wladimir, of the 4th Class; and Charles Frederick Anthony von Conta, Actual Privy Councillor of Legation, Knight of the Grand Ducal Saxon Order of the White Falcon : His Serene Highness the Duke of Brunswick Luneburg; Augustus Philip Christian Theodore Von Amsberg, Chamberlain, having the Waterloo Medallion: His Serene Highness the Landgrave of Hesse Homburg; Augus tus von Roentgen, Privy Councillor of Legation, Resident Minister of the Duke of Nassau at the Courts of The Netherlands and Bavaria, Commander of the Order of the Lion of the Grand Duchy of Baden: His Serene Highness the Duke of Nassau; Augustus Von Roentgen, Privy Councillor of Legation, Resident Minister of Nassau at the Courts of The Netherlands and Bavaria, and Commander of the Baden Order of the Lion : His Serene Highness the Duke of Oldenburg; Charles Frederick Ferdinand Suden, Councillor of State, Knight of the Prussian Order of the Red Eagle: His Serene Highness the Duke of Saxe Altenburg; Charles John Henry Ernest Edlen Von Braun, Actual Privy Councillor and Minister, President of the Chamber, Kight Companion of the Royal Saxon Order of Civil Merit, and of the Grand Ducal Saxon Order of the White Falcon, Knight of the Wirtemberg Order of Civil Merit: His Serene Highness the Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha; Christopher Anthony Ferdinand Von Carlowitz, Privy Councillor and President of the Chamber, Companion of the Saxon Order of Civil Merit; and William Ernest Braun, Councillor of the Chamber: His Serene Highness the Duke of Saxe Meiningen; Dietrich Baron Von Stein, His Highness's Actual Privy Councillor : Their Serene Highnesses the Sovereign Princes of Reuss, of the Senior and Junior Branches, at Gratz, at Lobenstein and Ebersdorf, and at Schleitz; Gustavus Adolphus Von Strauch, their Chancellor, President of the State and Consistory, Knight of the Saxon Order of Merit: His Serene Highness the Prince of Schwartzburg Rudolstadt; Christian William Schwartz, President of the Chamber, Knight of the Prussian Order of the Red Eagle: The High Senate of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen ; John Smidt, Burgomaster and Envoy Plenipotentiary to the German Diet: The High Senate of the Free City of Frankfort; Dr. John Gerhard Christian Thomas, Senator: Who, after exchanging their respective Full Powers, have, under reservation of the Ratification of their Sovereigns, concluded the following Articles: ART. I. The Kingdoms of Hanover and Saxony, the Electorate of Hesse, the Grand Duchy of Saxe Weimar Eisenach, the Duchy of Brunswick, the Territories of the Landgrave of Hesse Homburg, the Duchies of Nassau, Oldenburg, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe Coburg Gotha, and Saxe-Meiningen, also the Principalities of Reuss-Gratz, ReussLobenstein and Ebersdorf, Reuss-Schleitz, and the Principality of Schwartzburg-Rudolstadt, as also the Free Cities of Bremen and Frankfort, enter into a Compact or Union, the object of which is, in the sense of Article XIX* of the Act of the Germanic Confederation, to promote, as much as possible, a free intercourse, and an extensive commerce, as well internally, between the Contracting States themselves, as externally with other States; and also to extend to the whole of them, and to maintain and secure, the advantages which may be derived by each individual State, by means of its geographical position or otherwise, so far as its financial and mercantile relations will permit. II. The duration of this Treaty is, for the present, limited to the 31st of December, 1834. III. In order, progressively, to improve this Union according to its design, to become better acquainted with the obstacles which may be opposed to the attainment of its object, and to discover by free communication and mutual counsel, the surest practicable means for the removal of them, Deputies from the Contracting States shall meet from time to time-and for the first time, on the 1st June, 1829, at Cassel. The Saxon Government, at the general request of the other Contracting States, has consented, in the interim, to receive all communications relating to the Treaty, and to enter into correspondence, if requisite, with the said States. At the intended meetings, the place and the day shall be, on each occasion, fixed for the next Sitting, the further despatch of business agreed upon, and finally the prolongation of the Union, or its renewal at the expiration of the above-mentioned term, considered. * See page 1088. IV. The said States engage that they will not, separately, that is, without the express consent of the whole Union, enter into any arrangement, with regard to duties or customs, with any Foreign State not comprehended in this Treaty. From this Stipulation such Territories of the Contracting States only are excepted which are entirely surrounded by the Territories of States, not Parties to this Treaty. V. The high-roads, especially those which connect the sea-coast with the principal trading places of Germany, as well as with the Rhine, the Maine, the Elbe, and the Weser, as also the said trading places with each other, shall be progressively improved and maintained, in furtherance of the object of this Treaty, by the respective States through which the said roads pass. The line of road shall, with the same view, be formed through the States of the Union with every possible attention to the shortening of the distances, and the new roads shall be commenced without delay. The roads chiefly demanding attention, and those to be undertaken, in conformity with the general Resolution, are laid down, with reference to their principal directions, in an Appendix to this Treaty. By the 1st of June, 1829, each State of the Union shall notify what it has already done with respect to the projected improvements, and state when they will be completed. The 1st of October, 1830, is for the present fixed as the final term for their completion, although it is understood, and is hereby acknowledged as an obligation of this Treaty, that nothing shall be omitted by any State, which may tend to greater expedition. VI. Each State of the Union will endeavour to promote and facilitate commerce and traffick on the said roads ;-by simplifying as much as possible the Regulations respecting the import, transit, and export of goods; by remedying the abuses which may have crept in; by a liberal treatment of Travellers; and, especially by expediting the duties of the Custom-house Officers and others, in drawing out, certifying, and delivering, Bills of Lading, as well as in any examinations which may be found necessary; so as to encourage and maintain frequent and uninterrupted communications upon the said roads. VII. The said States severally bind themselves not to increase the duties hitherto or now levied in their Territories, on goods in transitu, whether they be described as such or not, nor the dues payable for convoy, so far as regards transit goods, or those which either come from a State of the Union, or, before entering such State, have already passed through one or more of the other States of the Union, or such goods as, on quitting a State of the Union, are forwarded to another State belonging thereto. Each State is, nevertheless, at liberty, and reserves to itself the right, to charge higher duties on transit goods, which, not having first passed through a State of the Union, are brought from States not belonging thereto, |