owners..... Ships, composition for sheathing.. 66 Sugar in Louisiana, cost of producing....... 640 Swedenborg on paper-money............... 619 T. 366 Tailors, tricks of 138 Tariff alterations, French.... 737 202 57 Taxable property in Pennsylvania... ...... 619 494 135 776 388 425 332 579 Tea and coffee trade..... 642 Tea, the material for adulterating.... 74 Timber, how to preserve it from ship worm. 390 66 Shoal off New Point Comfort discovered.... 510 Tonnage of New York and Boston compared 360 public debt of... wheat produced in.. 133 507 exp'ts of products of forests of 105 84, 211, 338, 462, 593, 718 property of the several.. 219 ed to foreign countries, '53. 236 93 254 treasury, deposits in the...... 347 Victoria railroad bridge at Montreal. 66 tobacco and flour trade in 1853-54. 600 small note law of....... Venezuelan tariff on flax.... 66 commercial regulation.. 251 230 354 ...... 612 66 66 that passed the Danish sound...... 437 355 355 World, iron manufactures of the........... 130 734 I. SAIL AND STEAM COMMERCE. Desiderata of Sail Commerce-Obvious Advantages of their Reformation-The Desiderata of steam Commerce-Inefficiency of Collins' Steamer "Pacific's" Wheels-Her Unavailable Motive Power-River Steamers......... II. THE FIELD OF THE AMAZON. Fractional Aspect of the Mississippi-Relations with the Amazon-Atlantic the Natural Outlet of Western South America-The Permanent Region of Commercial Supremacy-Description of the Amazon-Population, Products, ... IV. A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF COINAGE FOR COMMERCIAL NATIONS. By Dr. J. H. GIBBON, of the United States' Branch Mint, North Carolina... V. ELEVATED RAILROAD TERRACE FOR BROADWAY. By J. B. WICKERSHAM..... 72 Ship-owners-Specific Performance of a Contract... Liability of Railroad Companies for the Delivery of Goods, etc Ship-Contract for Sale of-No Specific Performance-Registry Act..... Carriers by Sea-Bills of Lading-Robbers-Dangers of the Road.-Ship-owners-Insurance.... 80 COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE AND REVIEW: EMBRACING A FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES, ETC., ILLUSTRA- Condition of the Money Market throughout the Country-Prospects of the Fall Trade-State of the Manufacturing Interests-Building and other Improvements-Receipts of Railroad Com- panies, and Pecuniary Effect of Careless Management-Explosion of the Parker Vein Coal Co. -Necessity of Guarding against Fraudulent Issues of Stock-Condition of the Banks at New York and Boston-Comparative Receipts of Leading Railroads for May-Deposits and Coinage at United States Mint for May-Foreign Imports at New York for May, and since January 1st -Causes of Increased Receipts-Comparative Imports of Dry Goods for May, and during the last Five Months-Revenue of the Country, with a Statement of Receipts at New York and Philadelphia-Exports from New York to Foreign Ports for May and since January 1st-Ex- 89 Taxes and Property of Illinois.-The Condition of the Banks of Boston... Condition of the Banks in the different States in 1850-51 and 1853-54 Savings Banks in the City of New York.-American Stocks held by Foreigners Condition of the Banks of New Orleans.-The Three-dollar Gold Coin of the U. States Exports of the products of the sea from the United States Export of Animals and their products from the U. S.-Prices of Wheat at Albany for 61 Years. 109 Property destroyed by fire in San Francisco-Stocks in Insurance Companies held by Foreigners. 114 Marine losses by Boston Companies.-Policy of Insurance-Average loss-Set-off RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. Railroad Stocks held by Foreigners.-The Railroads of the State of New York... "Commerce is King."-Overtrading, and giving large Credit "The Bible Clerks."-A Camel Market: bargaining by Pantomime Tricks of Tailors.—A hint for the unsuccessful.-Industry the Road to Success HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW. JULY, 1854. Art. I.-SAIL AND STEAM COMMERCE. DESIDERATA OF SAIL COMMERCE-OBVIOUS ADVANTAGES OF THEIR REFORMATION-THE DESIDERATA OF STEAM COMMERCE-INEFFICIENCY OF COLLINS' STEAMER "PACIFIC'S" WHEELS-HER UNAVAILABLE MOTIVE POWER-RIVER STEAMERS. THAT which is directly incorporated into our very prosperity, which is a part of our individual and national life, and peculiarly so of our international life, speaks its own eulogy at the door to the public mind; its advances are as rapidly proclaimed as from time to time they occur; but the present and the past speak not the future, except as to its firm basis, which is beyond the reach of decline; except they tell that its advances are unknown, which may mark its culminating progress, as it has been so forcibly marked by the past; and except they tell that the present, as that of no past epoch in the day of its unsurpassed honors, has not reached its meridian splendor. Marine Commerce has proclaimed within a half century last past her successful alliance with steam, her extension of that treaty to Trans-Atlantic Commerce, her improvements in model and rigging, as shown in the fast modern clipper in contrast with the anterior, dull-sailing ship, and her nautical improvements under the scientific aid rendered through the National Observatory Department. It would be arrogance to suppose that the public is not already fully sensible of the wide-spread, extending, and deep-rooted interests of marine Commerce in our vital prosperity, and sufficiently so to watch the pulsations of her manly system. Not to watch them, through fear lest her sail or her steam branch shall decline or lose its vitality; such a thought would be contradicted by the prosperous enterprises of our commercial men, by the constantly advancing attainments of her mechanical departments, of her ship-builders, her riggers, and engine-builders; of her army of mercantile and navy commanders, so bold to meet the dangers of the deep, and so no |