VI. MANAGEMENT OF CREAMERIES AND CHEESE FACTORIES. PAYMENT OF MILK AT CREAMERIES AND Numerous systematic and extensive experiments by various scientists have proved that the value of milk for both butter and cheese production stands in direct proportion to its fat content. Patrons of separator cheese and butter factories should therefore receive payment for the milk delivered by them according to the percentage of fat in the milk, i.e., according to the quantity of fat delivered in their milk. well. The same applies to gathered-cream factories as The tables given on pp. 271-72 will aid in the calculation of the value of milks of different richness, according to prices agreed upon. In paying for the milk delivered by patrons, four, or, essentially, three, different methods are followed at different factories, all of which are just to all parties concerned. The methods and the directions for using the tables in each case are given below. The tables and discussions entered upon are largely taken from Vermont Experiment Station Bulletin No. 16. METHODS OF PAYMENT FOR MILK AT CHEESE AND BUTTER 1 ACTORIES. 1. A certain price is to be paid per one hundred lbs. of milk containing a definite per cent of fat (e.g., $1.00 per 100 lbs. of four per cent milk). By referring to the second half of the table on p. 271 we find $1.00 opposite 4.00 per cent of fat; the figures in the same column as $1.00 then give the value of 100 lbs. of milk containing percentages of fat ranging from 3.00 to 5.00; e.g., 100 lbs. of 3 per cent milk is worth 75 cents, of 4.5 per cent milk $1.13, of 5.40 per cent milk $1.35, etc. 2. A certain price is to be paid per pound of fat delivered. If 21 cents is the price agreed upon we multiply .21 by three, and the product, .63, gives the amount in dollars to be paid per 100 lbs. of three per cent milk. The column in which the figure .63 occurs opposite 3.0 per ct. is then to be used in the calculations as long as the price is paid, and 3.5 per cent milk will be paid with 73 cents per 100 lbs., 5.3 per ct. milk $1.10 per 100 lbs., etc. Example: Patron A delivers 840 lbs. of milk during one week, containing, according to the test made, 4.3 per cent fat. If the price agreed upon per pound of fat was as before stated, he is to receive 90 cents per 100 lbs. of milk, or $7.56 in all. Patron B, sending 625 lbs. of milk testing 3.45 per cent, will receive 6.25 X .72 $4.50, etc. In the table only tenths of per cents are given; 3.45 being half-way between 3.40 and 3.50, for which percentages 71 and 73 cents are to be paid respectively, we multiply by the mean of the two values, or .72. If a test differs less than five-hundredths from any percentages given in the table, the nearest figure is chosen. 3. Patrons are to be paid what is received for the butter, less a certain amount for cost of making and marketing. Multiply each man's milk by the per cent of fat it contains, and the sum of the several products will be the total amount of fat contained in the day's milk. Divide the pounds of butter made from the milk by the pounds of fat it contained, to find how much butter each pound of fat makes. Multiplying the amount received per pound of butter, less the cost of making, etc., by this last result will give the amount to be paid for each pound of fat delivered. = Example: Suppose the patrons furnish milk containing in all 400 lbs. of fat, which made 460 lbs. of butter, selling for 27 cents per pound. The expense of making the butter is found to be, e.g., 4 cents per pound. 27-4 23 cents; 460 divided by 400 equals 1.15; 23 multiplied by 1.15 equals 26.45, which is the amount, in cents, to be paid per pound of fat delivered; 26.45 X 379.35, or nearest 79 cents, is then the money to be paid for 100 lbs. of 3 per cent milk, and (see table) 90 cents for 100 lbs. of 3.40 per cent milk, $1.24 for 100 lbs. of 4.7 per cent milk, etc. 4. A certain price is to be paid per 100 lbs. of milk of average quality. Find the total fat contained in the milk as before; divide this amount by the total weight of milk delivered, and the result will be the average per cent of fat in the milk. Starting from this per cent at the left of the table, go to the right until the price per 100 lbs. agreed upon is reached; the perpendicular column in which this figure is found is the one to be used. Example: Suppose milk of average quality is to be paid $1.00 per hundred pounds, and the farmers furnish 8500 lbs. of milk, containing in all 440 lbs. of fat; 440 divided by 85.00 then equals 5.18, the number nearest to which in the table is 5.20 per cent. Το the right of 5.20 per cent $1.00 is found in the column headed .58, which column would be the one to use. |