ley-broth, and good beef and mutton, would prove most effectua! restoratives." Testimonies of several Ladies on the subject. A case has come immediately under my notice (and I am happy to find, by inquiry, that it is not a solitary one,) of a young woman who has taken nothing during her confinement of an intoxicating kind under any shape, neither in drink or food, the place of it have ing been supplied by broth and tea, coffee or gruel, occasionally. The baby is now six months old, and for four months lived entirely upon the breast; and does now in a great measure, being fed only twice a day on baked flour boiled in milk. The mother is in excellent health; and the baby, the youngest of five children, is a more healthy, lively, and engaging child than the others were in their infancy. “I am now nursing my eighth child, and the third upon the principle of Total Abstinence from all intoxicating, liquors; and having formerly drank both ale and porter while similarly circumstanced, I can bear my unqualified testimony in favour of nursing without the use of any such stimulants, my own health is good, and I never had a finer, or more healthy infant, than that which is now the object of my care.”. “It is now nearly three years since I left off drinking anything of an intoxicating nature, (except when prescribed by my medical adviser,) during which time I have nursed two children, neither of whom were weaned till they were more than nine months old, nor had any other kind of nourishment than that which they derived from me, except when occasionally left for more than two hours at a time. I am induced to state this, for the encouragement of mothers who may feel timid at making such an experiment; and can assure them, that if their children thrive upon such a mode of treatment as well as mine have done, they will never have any cause to repent having adopted Total Abstinence princi Numerous cases of this kind have come under the Author's observation. 2 S ples.” The following Table has been prepared by R. M. Hartley, Esq., Sec. of the N. Y. City Temperance Society. The data being chiefly furnished by official returns and other authentic documents, the results are sufficiently accurate, and may be confidently referred to, as coming as near the truth as possible. A TABLE (494) Average of al Aggregate Gallons of consumption Population. cohol to each Value. alcohol. dividual. of alcohol. inhabitant. GALLONS. Wine 15 per ct. 111,985,494 Brandy 53 4,900,065 £52,777,777, or Spirits, 2,250,000 }|1053,797,854| 321 1, 192,500 > 137,298,667, 32,000,000 About 4: { $234, 333,329 88 Cider, 221,705,450 7 15,519,381 Beer 5 3,701,227 16,643,281 £39,692,487, or 685,280 $176,234,640 38 9,498,857 £13,500,000, or 11,925,000 11,925,000 3,000,000 About 31 $59,940,000 00 PRUSSIA do. Spirits, 53 15,900,000 15,900,000 15,000,000 “ 1 1-16 £9,000,000, or UNITED STATES, $39,960,000 00 Do Domestic Spirits, 40,000,000 53 21,200,000 Foreign, 2,672,228 Spirits 53 1,415,280 £8,062,416, or 5,951,954 80,624,182 21 1,249,910 23,999,190 17,000,000 About 1} } $35,797,121 05 10,000,000 50,000 12,000,000 Cider 7 84,000 Spirits 53 by measure. Cider Spirits 53 Strong do. 5 30,000,000 2 Spirits Spirits Beer 5 Wine Wine, 1 E. INTEMPERANCE, AMONG THE INDIANS. excess. the race. The Indians of North America, since its first settlement, have been universally addicted to drunkenness; and even before the introduce tion of ardent spirits, they had discovered an intoxicating liquor, by the fermentation of Indian corn. The difficulty, however, of procuring this in sufficiently large quantities, prevented any general Europeans early took advantage of this morbid thirst for strong drink among the Indians, and made it the most valuable source of emolument. The latter not only exchanged for it their furs and peltries, but their lands also; so that within the space of two centuries, they have been swept away by its poisonous influence, like the dry grass before the fires of the prairie. Public enactments* and private remonstrance have alike proved ineffectual in preventing its introduction among the natives of the forest, and the only limits which will probably bound its use are the extermination of The first instance of intoxication by ardent spirits among the Indians of this continent, is recorded in the narrative of the "third voyage of Master Henry Hudson," made in the year 1609, during which he discovered the Hudson River, and penetrated it as far : as where Albany is now situated. After having reached above the Highlands, the narrative goes on to state, that “the people of the countrie came flocking aboord, and brought us grapes and pompions, which wee bought for trifles, and many brought us beare's skinnes and otter's skinnes, which wee bought for beades, knives, and hatchets—and our Master (Hudson) and his mate determined to trie some of the chiefe men of the countrey, whether they had any treacherie in them, so they tooke them downe into the cabbin, and gave them so much wine and aqua vita that they were all merrie. In the end one of them was drunke, which had been aboord of our ship all the time that wee had been there, and that was strange to them; for they could not tell how to take it.”+ Dr. Samuel Miller in his Discourse delivered before the New York Historical Society, September 4th, 1909, states that among The Six Nations, there is a tradition still preserved of a scene of intoxication which occurred with a company of the natives when the first ship arrived. Mr. Williams, in his History of Vermont, supposes that the cause of this incessant craving for alcoholic stimulus among the Indians, is to be found in their habit of living on raw or boiled meat and water. This diet, he says, does not satisfy the desires of a * Numerous acts have been passed by the Colonial and Territorial Legislatures to provent the sale of intoxicating drinks among the Indians. Among others, Pennsylvania in 1721, imposed a fine of twenty pounds for every such offence, and the same penalty was imposed upon every one, in whose possession strong liquors, in quantity exceeding one gallon, were found among the Indians. Ohio, also, in 1807 passed a similar law, making the penalty 100 dollars, and Indiana, in 1809, followed her example.-Laws of the Colonial and State Governments relating to Indians and Indian affairs, pp. 138, 232, 233, + Collections of the New York Historical Society, nature, and accordingly produces an appetite for everything astringent, stimulating, and inflammatory. Besides the hardships and sufferings to which the Indian is exposed, his want of comfortable refreshments and support, and the extremes of heat, and cold, and moisture, add new force to an appetite already excessive. White people, subjected to the same hardships and mode of living, have, an equally strong inclination for strong drink, and but few have sufficient fortitude to resist its indulgence. It could not be expected that the Indians, who are unaccustomed to lay restraints upon their appetites and passions should be able to resist the fascination of intoxicating liquors. Besides, the appetite once indulged, in-' creases by what it feeds upon, until the miserable victim yields up his life to the insatiable despot. F. ASYLUMS FOR THE INTEMPERATE. We have long been of opinion, that establishments of asylums for the cure of inebriates, or, in other words for the reformation of the intemperate, were imperatively demanded in our country; and that a more useful or philanthropic measure could not be proposed. Were each state to provide such institutions, to be supported at the public expense, it would be but an act of justice toward its citizens, whom it tempts and actually leads into ruin, by legalizing, and thus encouraging the use of intoxicating drinks; and were this to be done, it might possibly lead our law-makers to count the cost, and see, whether the benefits of such license equal the costs, and the expense; and whether the principles of political economy, would not suggest the propriety of cutting off the supply, by going to the fountain head, in other words, to withhold such license. Intemperance is a physical disease, and requires, therefore, phys ical treatment--moral measures alone, cannot reach it—total abstinence from the cause which produced it, is the only remedy; and the practice of this, in nine cases out of ten, is beyond the power of the unhappy inebriate. He lacks the moral ability hence the utility of asylums—many drunkards are annually sent to our lunatic establishments; but we need not say, that these are not the proper place for them. Hundreds are sent on whaling voyages, or on board of other vessels, to keep them out of the reach of temptation-but ship-board, is but a poor school, for those who lack decision of character, and yield easily to the gratification of their appetites. Dr. S. B. Woodward, the very able superintendent of the Hospital at Worcester, Mass. has published several Essays in a pamphe let form, on this subject, to which we would refer the reader. These essays are important, also, as establishing the point, that the drunken appetite, the physical disease of the stomach-is caused by the moderate use of alcoholic liquors. Among other arguments in favour of the establishment of such asylums, Dr. W. thus remarks : “If there are thirty thousand drunkards in this country, and one tenth part are susceptible of cure, it will afford sufficient motive to commence immediately the important work. Doubtless one half may be cured, and the habit be wholly removed, if proper means are persisted in, for a sufficient length of time. If thirty thousand people in this country were to have smallpox in the next ten years, and it should be known that the disease would then be for ever at an end, would the philanthropist fold up his arms and be satisfied, that, when these cases were ended, the disease would be extinct ? or rather would he not exert himself to see that hospitals were provided, and every means secured that should lessen the severity and fatal tendency of the malady even for these ten years ? “ But no sober and considerate man can for a moment suppose that the evil of intemperance is to be removed from among us. Intemperance will continue to be the scourge of our country, will send its thousands of victims to an early and untimely grave, probably for ages yet to come. Temperance societies have done much, very much already, and will do much more, it is devoutly to be hoped, to rescue mankin om the horrors of intemperance. Yet a large class of mankind will pursue their accustomed habits, and drunkards will still be thick among us; poverty, and wretchedness, and disease will by this means for years, perhaps centuries to come, be en tailed upon our race. Shall we then sit idle and see the mighty evil, witness the ruin and wretchedness it entails upon man, and not make an effort for its cure? • Is there no balm in Gilead, and is there no physician there ?' "Let the experiment be fairly tried ; let an institution be founded; let the means of cure be provided; let the principles on which it is to be founded be extensively promulgated, and I doubt not, all intelligent men will be satisfied of its feasibility, and be ready to extend to it ample benefaction, to build up and endow it with every necessary means. " It cannot with exact certainty be told what would be the necessary expense of such an institution. It would be desirable to connect it with a good farm of moderate size, with plain, substantial buildings, a sufficient number of rooms for public instruction and private accommodation, in a pleasant and inviting section of the country. Twenty thousand dollars would be ample means for such accommodations as would be sufficient to make a magnificent ex. periment of the utility of the scheme; half that sum would afford an opportunity for a fair experiment. " At the head of this institution place a physician of zeal, medical skill, and enlarged benevolence; let the principle of total abstinence be rigorously adopted and enforced; let the patients be so placed as absolutely to prohibit all access to the intoxicating draught. If the health suffered, let appropriate medication be afforded; let the mind be soothed; hope, that balm which is potent to save, be held out; let the certainty of success be clearly deline ated to the mind of the sufferer, founded in the undeviating and ample experience which the last ten years have afforded; let good |