Islam: The Fear and the Hope

Abbasid Abd al-Salam Abduh action activities Africa al-Afghani al-Banna al-Din Alawite Algeria already appeared Arab Ataturk believe Bourguiba caliph called century condemned context culture death declared doctrine economic Egypt Egyptian existence fact faith Fatimid Habib Boularès hadith Hélène Carrère d'Encausse Hijra Ibn Badis ideas ijtihad imam India Iran Iranian Iraqis Islamic civilisation Islamist Islamist movements jihad juridical Kemal Kharijites Khomeini leaders live Mawdudi means Mecca Medina militant moral Moreover mosques mufti Muhammad Muslim Brethren Muslim countries Muslim societies Muslim world one's organisation Ottoman Paris party political prayer preached problem Prophet Qadhdhafi question Quran recognise reference reformism reformist regime religion religious hierarchy respect revolution role Sadat Sayyid Qutb scholars schools secular Shah shari'a Shaykh Shi'ism Shi'ite social Soviet struggle sultan sunna Sunnite Syria thinkers tradition traditionalists Tunisia ulama umma understand universal verse Wahhabism women word