Sand and Gravel Production, According to U. S. Geological· Survey Figures

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Bibliography of Sand and Gravel

1889

Call, R. E., "The Geology of Crowley's Ridge."-Annual Report of the Arkansas Geological Survey for 1889, Vol. II. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries.

1906

Veatch, A. C., "Geology and Underground Water Resources of Northern Louisiana and Southern Arkansas."-Professional Paper No. 46 of the U. S. Geological Survey. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries.

1916

Stephenson, L. W., and Crider, A. F., "Geology and Ground Waters of Northeastern Arkansas."-Water Supply Paper No. 399 of the U. S Geological Survey. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public: or scientific libraries.

1918

Miser, H. D., and Purdue, A. H., "Gravel Deposits of the Caddo GapDe Queen Quadrangles, Arkansas."-Bulletin No. 690 of the U. S. Geological Survey. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries.

The slate region of Arkansas is confined to the central portion of the Ouachita Uplift and covers portions of Polk, Montgomery, Garland and Saline Counties, as shown on the accompanying map. All of the deposits which have been developed commercially lie in western Montgomery and eastern Polk Counties, as shown.

The subject of the Arkansas slates has been covered in the State Geological Survey report for 1909, "Slates in Arkansas," by A. H. Purdue, and the following is taken from it:

"Physical Tests.-The following specimens were collected and submitted to the Structural Materials Testing Laboratories of the U. S. Geological Survey at Forest Park, St. Louis, for transverse pressure, absorption, and physical tests, and for chemical analyses. The results are herewith published.

Results of Tests on Arkansas Slate*

TRANSVERSE TESTS

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ABSORPTION TESTS

PHYSICAL TESTS
Absolute, Weight
Weight Ratio of Absorption || Volume Natie of Absorption Specific Gravity Persity
AS.G. Cu.Ft.
24
Appar- T.S.G. (Lbs.)
Min. Hours Hours Mia. Hours Hours True ent

48

.0190 2,410 2,100,000.0017 0189 0189 0047.0511.05132.8632.714
0148 4,880 4,640,000.0005 0175 0193 0014 0475 0523 2 8592 712
0196 6,060 4,250,000.00110164 0786.0031.0439.0500 ..2.689

4,450 3,660,000.00110176 0189.0031.0475 05122 8612.705 0545 168 5

0134 6,400 6,430,000.0004.0089 .0105 .0010.0243 0286 2 8132.738
0150 6,840 6,040,000.0004.0075.0095 0012 0205 0260 2 816 2 747
0170 6,630 5,470,000 .0003 .0087 0101 0009 0238 0276 2.744
6,620 5,980,000 .0004.0084 .0100.0010 0229 0274 2 8152.743

0430 6,840 13,420,000 0037 0160 0189 0094 0409 0481 2.696 2.550
.0790 7,640 8,820,000 0012 0114 0146 0031 0293 0375 2.702 2.564
0855 9,640 11,030,000 00410167 0201 0105 0425 0512 2.544
8,040 11,090,000.0030 0147 .0179 0077 0376 04562 699 2.553
0600 8,990 11,820,000.0026 0113.0121.0072.0310.03322 8622 748
0560 7,980 12,420,000 .0009 .0087 0114.0025.0241 03152 857 2.776
0615 8,600 11,570,000.0013 01120122 .0036 0307 0334 12.741
8,520 11,940,000.0016 .0104 .0119.0044 0286 0327 2.860 2.755

2,700 2,900,000 0023.0120 .0157.0058 0305 04022.7052 557
0405 4,150 3,150,000.0033 .0153 .0193.0083 0390 .04912.704 2.544
0335 5,920 6,010,000.0024 0121.0156.0062.0309 0397

2.553

4,260 4,020,000.0027 .0131.0169.0068 0335 0430 2.705 2.551 400 0252 2,970 2,620,000.0014 .0076 .0114 0040 0210 03142.860 2.771 318 .0134 2,710 4,810,000.00100081.0093 .0027 02250257 2.854 2,767 791 0233 6,880 6,920,000.0015 .0080.0093.0041 02210257 2.769

4,190 4,780,000.0013 .0079 0100.0036 0219.0276 2 857 2.769

169.1

169.0

167.5

170.6

171.1

171 0

0256 170.9

158 9

159.7

158.5

0541 159.0

171.2

173.0

170.8

0367 171.7

159.3

158.5

159.1

0570 159.0

172.6

172.4

172.5

0308 172.5

0.12 7 9.75 0430 3,570 5,730,000 0088.0251
1.93 0.13 do. 8 0378 2,570 4,250,000 0072 0257 0257 0194 0689 0689 2.857 2.682
1.97 0.14 do. 18 .0440 4,890 6,340,000 0067 0251 0253 0180 0672 0677 2.676

3,720 5,100,000 .0151.0392 0393.0385 1003.10052 829 2.558 0958 159.4 0265 4,810 9,820,000.0016 .0094 0101 0045 0263 0283 2 863 2.801 0330 6,410 9,410,000.0010.0081.0096 0028 0227 0272 2.866 2.822 0250 5,760 15,810,000.00100089 0098 0027 0252 0279 2.838

174.5

175.8

176.8

5,660 11,680,000.0012.0088 0098 0033 0247 0278 2 8652 820 0157 175.7 2.854

167.1 166.7

3,680 5,440,000.0076.0253 0255 0187 0681 06832.856 2.679 0620 166.9 0440 3,940 3,550,000.0046 0228 0229 0124 0613 06172 8622.691 0300 3,520 4,420,000.00620243 0243 0167 0652 0652 2.860 2.683 0180 3,450 6,480,000.0061 0241 0244 0163 0640 0648 2.658

167.6

167.1

165.6

3,640 4,820,000.0056.0237 0239 0151 0635 0639 2 861 2 677 0643 166 8

Average

*These tests were made at the Structural Materials Testing Laboratories of the U. S. Geological Survey, St. Louis, Mo. NOTE: Specific Gravities corrected at 70° F.

Composition. "Slate may be defined as any rock that has the property of parting along parallel planes developed to such an extent that it may be split into thin plates with even surfaces. This property of parting is called cleavage.

"As to color, slate may be black, purple, red or green. Black slate, like black shale, owes its color to finely divided carbonaceous matter deposited with the shale from which the slate was derived; purple slate to a mixture of iron oxide, FeO and chlorite; red slate to the presence of iron oxide; and green slate probably to the presence of a large amount of chlorite.

Uses. "Most of the slate quarried in Arkansas is sold for roofing, though a large amount is used for other purposes, such as floor

*Owing to the large amount of volatile organic material it is impossible to determine the ferrous oxide-consequently all iron has been assumed as being present in the lowest state and calculated as such.