commands a ready sale. The New Brunswick railway furmishes an outlet for any surplus. Railway connection will shortly be established between Edmunston and Quebec, when the New Brunswick railway will become a through line, the shortest from the interior of Canada to open ports over Canadian territory. The value of real estate along the railway may then be reasonably expected to increase considerably. Thirty-eight miles of the New Brunswick railway lie in Madawaska and at least twelve miles of the Quebec extension will also be in this -county. The principal agricultural products of Madawaska, according to the census of 1881, were: wheat 15,891 bushels, oats 70,000 bushels, buckwheat 71,541 bushels, potatoes 127,800 bushels, hay 8,176 tons. The population in 1881 was 1,699. The progress of the County of Madawaska was greatly retarded for many years owing to the lack of ready means of communication with the remainder of the Province. This difficulty is now removed and an era of progress has set in. If fertility of soil and great forest wealth are the elements of a prosperous future that of Madawaska may be regarded as assured. RESTIGOUCHE COUNTY. The County of Restigouche contains 2,072,710 acres, of which a little over 216,000 are granted. Only 16,566 acres were returned as under crop in 1881, and the principle farm products of that year were stated to be: wheat 10,984 bushels, oats 77,534 bushels, buckwheat 16,930 bushels, potatoes 189,500 bushels, hay 6,566 tons; of butter 101,134 pounds were made. The live stock in the county was returned as follows: horses 1,135, horned cattle 3,954, sheep 5,623, swine 1,247. The population of Restigouche was returned at 7,058. Of the 1,800,000 acres in Restigouche which are ungrant ed, by far the greater part is admirably adapted to agriculture. This forms a portion of what has been called the Fertile Belt, and has already been described,* so that no further particulars of its excellence need be given here. The county takes its name from the river, which forms a portion of its northern boundary and separates the Provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec. The Restigouche empties into the Bay Chaleur. For eighteen miles above the sea, or to the town of Campbellton, the Restigouche is a wide, deepstream, forming in fact a continuous harbor in which vessels. of the largest class find safe anchorage. The highest tides in the Restigouche rarely exceed nine feet. For seven months in the year, or in the season of open water, this river affords one of the finest harbors in the country, and a large shipping trade has been done in the past and is now done there. In attractiveness of surroundings and picturesque beauty this part of New Brunswick and the opposite shore of the river and bay is unsurpassed. It is already a favorite summer resort, and its popularity in this respect is rapidly increasing. Excellent hotels at Dalhousie and elsewhere furnish accommodation to tourists, who come from the cities of Canada and the United States, not a small contingent representing Great Britain. In addition to the sea bathing and boating, the salmon fishing serves to draw numerous visitors This is indeed the great attraction of the place. Among the salmon streams of America, the Restigouche is undoubtedly the most popular. It has furnished sport to royalty, to vice-regal visitors, to the highest state officers in the American Union, to literati of all nations, to many capitalists and other business men, and last but not least, to hundreds of farmers and farmer's sons. Its waters not only abound in salmon, but in trout as well, and its many branches, penetrating the heart of an unbroken wilderness, and interlacing with the tributaries of *See page 44 other streams, afford a great variety of sport and scenery. Several new settlements have been established in Restigouche County. Balmoral is one of these. The soil is described as rich and loamy, wooded with valuable timber, and the markets are "ready and convenient." This settlement is within ten miles of Dalhousie. Colebrooke Settlement is between Balmoral and Campbellton, and is five miles from the Intercolonial Railway. It possesses "good loamy soil, well timbered." Sunnyside is located on the Jacquet River within six miles of the Intercolonial. The soil is somewhat gravelly but it produces good crops. Lorne Settlement is in the same vicinity, and the soil is of much the same quality. Mitchell Settlement is in the same parish. The soil is described as dry and loamy. All these settlements are in a flourishing condition, and as they are surrounded by fertile Crown Lands they afford room for thousands of new settlers. In 1881 there were 12 saw mills in this county, employing 114 hands, and turning out $109,810 worth of manufactured lumber. Of timber of various kinds, 42,575 tons were cut in that year, and of fuel 1,5680 cords. The sea fisheries afforded employment in 1881 to 235 men, the catch being returned at 336 quintals of cod, 1,120 barrels of herring, 351 barrels of mackerel, 297,800 lbs. of lobsters, besides smaller quantities of other fish. The catch of salmon for export was returned at 1,097 barrels. The value of the growing timber in Restigouche is incalculable. Fully two million acres of its surface are covered with forest growth, consisting of maple, birch, beech, ash and other hardwoods, pine, spruce, cedar and other softwoods. Of the latter, cedar is the most abundant and will undoubtedly prove of the greatest value. The Intercolonial Railway extends along the whole eastern part of Restigouche, and affords connections both with the interior provinces of Canada, and all parts of the Maritime Provinces. A railway has been projected to connect the Intercolonial with the New Brunswick Railway on the opposite side of the province. Such a road would pass through a splendid section of country, unsurpassed in agricultural capabilities by any part of Canada. GLOUCESTER COUNTY. Gloucester County has an area of 1,195,000 acres, of which about two-fifths are granted. Of the remainder about onehalf, or say 300,000 acres, are adapted for immediate settlement. The soil is somewhat lighter than that of Restigouche, but it is of good quality in those sections which are recommended for settlement. At the new settlement of St. Isidore, the soil is reported as light, but good, and the average crop per acre is stated at: 30 bushels of oats, 20 bushels of wheat, 200 bushels of potatoes, or two tons of hay to the acre. The tract on which this settlement is located is quite extensive. Other new settlements are Pacquetville, Millville and Robertville. They are all doing very well. In all of these new settlements the population is almost exclusively of French extraction. Indeed, of the total population of the county in 1881, (21,614,) the greater portion were of French descent, and although there has been considerable increase in the population since the census was taken, the increase has principally consisted of people of that nationality. Gloucester is bounded on two sides by the sea, and owing to this fact fishing forms an important industry. In 1881, there were 2,466 men in Gloucester engaged in fishing; the catch consisting of 38,475 quintals of codfish, 18,109 barrels of herring, 2,237 barrels of gaspereaux, 16,565 barrels of mackerel, 16,565 barrels of salmon, 1,349,527 pounds of |